Drug Database
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anakinra (PerkinRA)

✓ Approved

PersisGen Par · IL1R1 · Recombinant Proteins

What is anakinra?

anakinra is a recombinant proteins developed by PersisGen Par. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or intravenous (iv) or subcutaneous injection.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesPerkinRA
CompanyPersisGen Par
Drug ClassRecombinant Proteins
Molecular TargetIL1R1
RouteInjectable (Others), Intravenous (IV), Subcutaneous Injection
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, PersisGen Par

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

anakinra acts on 1 molecular target:

IL1R1interleukin 1 receptor type 1 (P80, CD121A)
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Therapeutic Indications

anakinra is developed for 11 unique indications across 5 therapeutic areas.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disordersRheumatoid arthritis✓ Approved
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disordersStill's disease✓ Approved
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disordersJuvenile idiopathic arthritis✓ Approved
Congenital, familial and genetic disordersChronic infantile neurological cutaneous and articular syndrome✓ Approved
Congenital, familial and genetic disordersMuckle-Wells syndrome✓ Approved

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Related Research Articles

PubMedFrontiers in immunology2026-08-29

Case Report: From idiopathic recurrent pericarditis to systemic Behçet's Disease: unmasking a unified IL-1-driven autoinflammatory phenotype.

Emanuele Bizzi B, Angela Mauro M, Germinario Cristiano C, Francesca Casarin C et al.

Recurrent idiopathic recurrent pericarditis (RP) is increasingly recognized as an organ-specific autoinflammatory syndrome driven by the interleukin-1 (IL-1) axis. Behçet's Disease (BD), a systemic vasculitis, exhibits significant pathogenetic overlap with RP through IL-1 mediated hyperinflammation, particularly in phenotypes dominated by serositis. The clinical evolution of prolonged, seemingly idiopathic RP into overt, systemic BD upon the tapering of targeted therapy remains a critical, yet underreported, observation. A 42 years old female with corticosteroid-dependent, colchicine-resistant RP achieved complete and sustained clinical and biochemical remission using the IL-1 receptor antagonist, Anakinra, for almost 30 months, despite the tapering started after 18 months of continuous therapy with Anakinra, associated to colchicine and a quick tapering and withdrawal of corticosteroids. Following the elective tapering of Anakinra, the patient remained stable for three months with a dose of an injection of 100mg of Anakinra three times per week, before suffering a severe pericardial relapse concurrent with the systemic onset of systemic BD. The clinical condition observed fulfilled the International Criteria for Behçet's Disease (ICBD), featuring recurrent oral and genital ulcerations, erythema nodosum and a positive pathergy test. The immediate reinitiation of Anakinra (100mg daily) led to the rapid and complete resolution of both the pericardial inflammation and all systemic mucocutaneous manifestations. This case highlights a potential pathogenetic overlap between refractory RP and serositis-dominant BD phenotypes, suggesting that isolated RP may, in select cases, represent an early mono-organ precursor of a systemic autoinflammatory propensity. Furthermore, it provides clinical rationale for considering IL-1 blockade in serositis-dominant BD, though larger prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.

PMID 42666335
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PubMedKlinicka onkologie : casopis Ceske a Slovenske onkologicke spolecnosti2026-08-28

Treatment of Erdheim-Chester disease from the perspective in 2026.

Adam Zdeněk Z, Štork Martin M, Řehák Zdeněk Z, Boichuk Ivanna I et al.

With the discovery of new drugs, treatment of Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is gradually evolving and changing. The text provides an overview of effective drugs available in 2026 for patients with ECD. Treatment options: We consider it appropriate to divide treatment into treatment targeting the inflammatory reaction induced by ECD, and treatment targeting malignant histiocytes. To suppress the inflammatory reaction, high doses of glucocorticoids can be used, but only short-term. For long-term suppression of the inflammatory reaction, anakinra is most commonly used. In rare cases, a similar effect has been reported with canakinumab, as well as with sirolimus and anti-TNF drugs. Anakinra is used both alone and in combination with other drugs. ECD cells, like histiocytosis cells from Langerhans cells, are derived from a monocytic lineage, which similarly to the lymphocytic lineage, is very sensitive to cladribine (2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine). This drug is the most effective cytostatic agent for patients with ECD. In several smaller clinical studies, the benefit of treatment with interferon alfa has been described. Thus, interferon alfa, despite its side effects, represents one of the treatment options. In cases of severe ECD and the presence of the BRAFV600E mutation, two drugs are recommended - vemurafenib and dabrafenib. For patients with a severe course without the BRAFV600E mutation, MEK kinase inhibitors trametinib and cobimetinib are recommended. The literature contains conflicting conclusions in studies evaluating the dependence of the effectiveness of these drugs on the detection of mutations in the MAPK signaling pathway. Targeted therapy is associated with numerous side effects, as well as the risk of relapse after its discontinuation. If the administered drugs trigger an inflammatory response, anakinra is again used to suppress it. Treatment of ECD always requires an assessment of the extent of the disease and degree of organ damage in order to choose the appropriate therapy.

PMID 42663152
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PubMedFrontiers in immunology2026-08-27

Hepatobiliary involvement in Kawasaki disease: from cholestatic hepatitis to the hepatic vascular-biliary unit hypothesis-a state-of-the-art review.

Zhong Yong-Xing YX, Zheng Qi Q, Yang Fang-Yan FY

This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of hepatobiliary involvement in Kawasaki disease (KD), with emphasis on cholestatic hepatitis as a clinical sentinel of hyperinflammation. We critically evaluate current evidence, propose an integrated pathogenic framework-the hepatic vascular-biliary unit injury hypothesis-and identify priority research areas. Narrative review of high-quality literature (2015-2025) with inclusion of seminal historical studies, using Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (OCEBM) evidence-level grading. Cholestatic hepatitis occurs in 5.2%-17.8% of acute KD cases, rising to 22%-35% among intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)-resistant patients. Large retrospective cohort studies (OCEBM Level 3b) have identified a clinical "risk triangle" comprising IVIG resistance, coronary artery lesions (CALs), and cholestasis as interdependent factors. We propose the hepatic vascular-biliary unit injury hypothesis as an integrated pathogenic framework, supported by correlative pathological and molecular evidence (OCEBM Level 3-4), though causality remains unproven and requires validation in conditional endothelial-specific animal models. Current therapeutic evidence for moderate-to-severe cholestasis derives exclusively from retrospective cohorts and case series (OCEBM Level 3-4). Emerging evidence from Phase I/IIa trials supports the use of interleukin-1 blockade (anakinra) in refractory cases, predominantly derived from studies of coronary artery aneurysms rather than cholestasis-specific populations. KD-associated cholestatic hepatitis is a critical marker of disease severity with prognostic significance. The hepatic vascular-biliary unit hypothesis provides a mechanistic framework linking systemic vasculitis to cholestasis, pending experimental validation. Definitive evidence for optimal therapeutic strategies is lacking; well-designed randomized controlled trials specifically targeting the cholestasis subpopulation are urgently needed. Given the highest incidence in East Asian populations, clinicians in this region should maintain a particularly high index of suspicion for KD-associated cholestasis, particularly in infants presenting with unexplained jaundice.

PMID 42656782
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PubMedCase reports in immunology2026-08-26

Rescue of Eosinophilic Cardiac Tamponade by Anakinra in a Pregnant Woman With Familial Mediterranean Fever.

Quaggetto Maxime M, Groh Matthieu M, Savey Lea L, Rouvier Philippe P et al.

Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an interleukin-1 (IL-1)-driven autoinflammatory disease in which pericarditis, occasionally complicated by cardiac tamponade, is a recognized manifestation, whereas hypereosinophilia is not. We report a woman in her thirties with FMF (homozygous MEFV M694V mutation) receiving colchicine 2.5 mg/day, admitted in the third trimester of pregnancy for dyspnea, fever, and cough. She had blood hypereosinophilia (2.9 G/L), bilateral lung consolidation with bronchoalveolar lavage eosinophilia (46%) and myopericarditis. Cardiac tamponade required emergency pericardiocentesis and cesarean section, with favorable maternal and neonatal outcomes; pericardial fluid contained more than 90% eosinophils. Infectious, autoimmune, drug-induced, and clonal causes were excluded. High-dose corticosteroids only transiently reduced the eosinophil count, which rebounded, while C-reactive protein remained elevated. Both parameters normalized after anakinra was started, allowing corticosteroid withdrawal, with sustained remission at 36 months. Whether hypereosinophilia was a manifestation of FMF or a coincidental association remains undetermined. IL-1 blockade nonetheless controlled both the serositis and the eosinophilia, and may limit corticosteroid exposure.

PMID 42643765
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PubMedJTO clinical and research reports2026-08-23

Anakinra Prophylaxis for Recurrent Severe ICANS Associated With Tarlatamab in Small Cell Lung Cancer: Case Report.

Shia David W DW, Limvorasak Suwicha S, Reckamp Karen L KL, Sankar Kamya K

Tarlatamab is a bispecific T-cell engager that has demonstrated promising efficacy in treating patients with relapsed small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The incidence of immune-mediated adverse events, including cytokine release syndrome and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), has been reported at relatively low frequencies, with severe events occurring in a minority of patients. Consequently, real-world experience in managing severe ICANS associated with tarlatamab remains limited. We present a case of relapsed SCLC treated with tarlatamab that was complicated by recurrent episodes of severe ICANS. Subsequent administrations incorporated prophylactic anakinra, an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, to mitigate neurotoxicity, which was well-tolerated and enabled the continuation of therapy, eliciting a significant clinical and radiographic response, including intracranial response. This case warrants further study of interleukin-1 blockade as a potential strategy for ICANS prophylaxis in patients with SCLC who may be at a higher risk for severe ICANS when treated with bispecific antibody therapy.

PMID 42633145
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PubMedThe Journal of pediatrics2026-08-19

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Therapies in Children: A Comparative Effectiveness Trial.

Jain Sonia S, He Feng F, Cheng Yuwei Y, Ang Jocelyn Y JY et al.

To determine the anti-inflammatory medication--infliximab, steroids, or anakinra--that is most effective in treating intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG)-resistant multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Two hospital, comparative effectiveness study comparing infliximab, methylprednisolone, and anakinra therapy in IVIG-resistant MIS-C patients. The primary outcome was the difference in the need for second randomization among the treatment arms. Of 73 MIS-C patients enrolled, 71 received their first randomization drug and completed the study. After adjusting for age and sex, the odds of needing second randomization were 3.4 times higher when the first randomized drug was anakinra compared with infliximab (OR=3.42, 95% CI: 1.03 - 12.29, p = 0.049) yet similar when the first randomized drug was steroids or infliximab. Twenty-eight adverse events were recorded, none of which were serious. Of these, 17 (60.7%) were adjudicated to be possibly, probably or definitely related to a study treatment with 16 (94.1%) attributed to steroids and 1 (5.9%) attributed to anakinra. In IVIG-resistant MIS-C, the odds of needing second randomization appear higher when the first randomized drug received was anakinra compared with infliximab or steroids. Infliximab or steroids may be more effective than anakinra as adjunctive therapy for MIS-C.

PMID 42617793
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