Drug Database
CA

calcium carbonate (Cimascal / Cimascal D Forte)

✓ Approved

CPEX Pharmaceuticals, Inc. · VDR

What is calcium carbonate?

calcium carbonate is a therapeutic agent developed by CPEX Pharmaceuticals, Inc.. It is approved for therapeutic indications via oral (po).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesCimascal, Cimascal D Forte
CompanyCPEX Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Molecular TargetVDR
RouteOral (PO)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, CPEX Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

calcium carbonate acts on 1 molecular target:

VDRvitamin D receptor (NR1I1, PPP1R163)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

calcium carbonate is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disordersOsteoporosis✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedJournal of chromatography. A2026-07-17

Alternative solvents in liquid chromatography and supercritical fluid chromatography for the separation of phenolic compounds.

Gregson Maud M, Batteau Magali M, Faure Karine K

Regarding the growing interest in evaluating and reducing the environmental impact in analytical chemistry laboratories - particularly in chromatography - we investigated the use of six alternative, greener solvents: ethanol, isopropanol, acetone, dimethyl carbonate, propylene carbonate and Cyrene for the separation of phenolic compounds using LC × SFC. These solvents were assessed based on key criteria including elution range, peak width, resolution and selectivity. Their cost, toxicity, biodegradability and hazard potential were also considered. Our findings indicate that several of these greener alternatives show promising results comparable or complementary to the conventional solvents acetonitrile and methanol used in both dimensions. This work contributes to the ongoing evolution toward more sustainable laboratory practices and supports the necessary adoption of environmentally friendly solvents in analytical method development and routine chromatographic applications.

PMID 42462407
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PubMedOsteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA2026-07-17

Dietary and supplemental calcium intake and bone changes during antiresorptive osteoporosis treatment in older women: a longitudinal observational study.

Papageorgiou Maria M, Gugler Yvan Y, Ferrari Serge S, Rizzoli René R et al.

Calcium supplements are often prescribed with osteoporosis medications without considering dietary adequacy. In calcium-replete older women, calcium supplements had little effect on the response to antiresorptives, whereas low protein intake blunted their benefits. Calcium supplementation may be unnecessary when intake is adequate, and nutrition should be optimized for osteoporosis treatment. Osteoporosis medications (OM) are commonly prescribed with calcium supplements (CaS) without considering dietary adequacy. We investigated whether calcium and protein intakes influence the effect of OM on total hip bone mineral density (BMD) and strength in calcium-replete women. Data from 586 women (median age 67 years) from the Geneva Retirees Cohort were analyzed: 101 on menopausal hormone therapy (MHT), 67 on antiresorptives (AR) (bisphosphonates, denosumab or raloxifene), and 418 without OM. Annual changes in total hip BMD, strength, and structure were assessed over a median 3.5 years using 2D/3D-DXA and finite element analysis. Calcium and protein intakes were assessed by food frequency questionnaire; CaS use was recorded at baseline and follow-up. Total calcium intake (diet + supplements) was 1503 mg/day; 71% women met recommendations (≥ 1200 mg/day), 51% used CaS, and 70% vitamin D. MHT or AR increased total hip BMD and strength versus no OM. Neither total calcium intake (above or below 1200 mg/day) nor CaS use significantly affected bone outcomes. However, in women with low calcium intake (< 800 mg/day), no difference in changes of BMD or bone strength was observed between women with and without OM in the absence of CaS. In women with protein intake < 0.8 g/kg/day, AR effects were blunted, with reduced improvements in trabecular BMD (P = 0.009) and total hip strength (P = 0.040). In calcium-replete older women, protein intake rather than CaS influences total hip bone changes with OM. These findings question routine CaS in women with adequate calcium intake and emphasize the importance of sufficient protein intake for optimal osteoporosis management. GERICO http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN11865958.

PMID 42463975
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PubMedBMC cardiovascular disorders2026-07-17

Thoracic vertebral CT-based bone health indicator from coronary calcium scoring: correlation with CAD and prognostic impact.

Onoda Naoki N, Nakamura Satoshi S, Hashimoto Naoki N, Araki Suguru S et al.

Lower thoracic vertebral attenuation measured on coronary artery calcium scoring images may provide an opportunistic computed tomography-based bone health indicator (CT-BHI). This study evaluated the association of CT-BHI with coronary artery disease (CAD) severity and all-cause mortality. We retrospectively analyzed 767 patients with suspected CAD who underwent coronary CT angiography (CCTA) and coronary calcium scoring. Individuals with prior myocardial infarction or revascularization were excluded. CT attenuation was measured in two lower thoracic vertebrae on calcium scoring images, and their mean value was defined as CT-BHI. Patients were categorized into tertiles by CT-BHI (higher, intermediate, lower). The lower CT-BHI group had significantly higher calcium scores (median [IQR]: 146 [4-548]) than the higher (25 [0-277]) and intermediate (39 [0-269]) groups (p < 0.001). CCTA findings revealed a significant difference in CAD severity distribution among the three groups (p = 0.037), with the low CT-BHI group exhibiting a lower prevalence of normal coronary arteries. Combining low CT-BHI with high calcium score enhanced risk stratification (p < 0.05). In multivariate Cox analysis, CT-BHI remained an independent predictor of mortality after adjustment for calcium score (p < 0.05). Adding CT-BHI to calcium scores significantly improved risk classification (continuous net reclassification improvement, 0.263; p = 0.041). CT-BHI derived from routine calcium scoring images may provide a dual-purpose opportunistic marker for integrated cardiovascular and skeletal risk assessment without additional radiation exposure or cost. Further studies are warranted to validate CT-BHI against standardized bone density measurements and determine its role in improving clinical management. Not applicable.

PMID 42464155
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PubMedWater environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation2026-07-17

A Novel Nanocomposite Bioadsorbent Derived From Natural CaCO3 for the Efficient Adsorption of Toxic Dyes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application in Wastewater.

Marwa Bendaia B, Hadjer Mamine M, Naoual Houaidji H, Ilhem Diaf D et al.

The textile dye industry releases dye-laden effluents that contaminate water, especially those containing Eriochrome Black T (EBT), a commonly employed anionic dye that poses health risks to humans. To address this problem, increasing attention is being paid to the use of abundant, low-cost, and nontoxic bioadsorbents as sustainable alternatives for wastewater treatment. This work assesses the potential of a new nanocomposite adsorbent (MnO:ES) obtained by combining natural calcium carbonate (CaCO3) derived from eggshells with manganese oxide (MnO) as an active agent to improve its adsorption capacity. A straightforward physical approach was employed to fabricate the MnO:ES through planetary milling conducted at room temperature for 2 h at a rotational speed of 350 rpm. The synthesized MnO:ES was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDX). The MnO:ES nanocomposite was used to efficiently remove EBT from colored water, achieving a removal efficiency of 98% corresponding to a maximum adsorption capacity of 6.6 mg/g. The optimal conditions were achieved at natural pH, a temperature of 20°C, a contact time of 30 min, and an initial EBT concentration of 100 mg/L. The adsorption experiments were performed using 0.75 g of MnO:ES adsorbent composed of 10 wt% MnO and 90 wt% ES. MnO:ES was found to be dispersible, insoluble in water, and highly paramagnetic. The adsorption of the EBT dye followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir isotherm model, and thermodynamic analysis indicated spontaneous adsorption. Furthermore, microbiological analysis indicated a total absence of pathogenic germs, and a total aerobic bacterial count (TABC) of 190 CEU/mL was observed, which is relatively low for this treated water. The findings indicate that the incorporation of natural CaCO3 into a nanocomposite matrix significantly enhances its chemical stability and affinity adsorption efficiency toward target pollutants.

PMID 42464697
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PubMedResearch (Washington, D.C.)2026-07-17

M2 Macrophages Attenuate AQP2+ Collecting Duct Cell Apoptosis via the TRAF1-TRAF2 Complex to Suppress Randall's Plaque Formation.

Tang Liang L, Liao Zhangcheng Z, Gao Meng M, Liu Minghui M et al.

Calcium oxalate (CaOx) kidney stones are common and recur frequently, yet effective pharmacological prevention is limited. Randall's plaques (RPs), calcium deposits on renal papillae, act as anchoring sites for CaOx crystal growth, but the cellular origin and immunoregulatory mechanism underlying early calcium deposition remain unclear. Here, we found that early calcium deposition was partially localized to the renal interstitium surrounding aquaporin 2 (AQP2)-labeled collecting duct cells with apoptotic phenotype, and inhibiting high calcium-induced apoptosis of AQP2+ cells markedly reduced cell layer calcium deposition. Given the regulatory role of macrophages in renal stone formation, we revealed that M2 macrophages protected AQP2+ cells by delivering TRAF2 via exosomes. Mechanistically, exosomal TRAF2 interacted with intracellular TRAF1 to form a stable complex, which mutually inhibited their ubiquitin-mediated degradation by excluding the shared E3 ubiquitin ligase CBLC. This complex activated downstream nuclear factor κB1 (NF-κB1) and NF-κB2 signaling. NF-κB1 enhanced TRAF1 transcription, whereas NF-κB2 increased BCL2 expression while suppressing BAX and cleaved-PARP1, thereby limiting apoptosis and subsequent calcium deposition. Based on these findings, we developed M2 exosome-loaded, AQP2+ cell membrane-coated poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (Exo@A-P) for renal-targeted delivery. Exo@A-P treatment reduced collecting duct apoptosis and calcium deposition in hypercalciuria and renal calcified mice (Umod-/- ) without detectable toxicity, potentially supporting a targeted nanotherapeutic strategy to prevent early RP formation by utilizing TRAF2-rich exosome from M2 macrophages.

PMID 42465799
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PubMedbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026-07-17

N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptors control in vivo striatal calcium and the updating of action policy.

Legaria Alex A AA, Barrett Mason R MR, Czarny Jordyn E JE, Kravitz Alexxai V AV

Animals must execute learned behaviors and update them when outcomes change, yet the neural substrates controlling this phenomenon are not fully understood. Here, we show that N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors (NMDARs) in the dorsomedial striatum are necessary for learning from previously rewarded actions. Moreover, blocking of striatal NMDARs almost fully abolished striatal calcium dynamics, but not action potential activity, suggesting a unique function of NMDAR-driven striatal calcium activity in updating action policy.

PMID 42465504
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