Drug Database
RA

rabies antiserum

✓ Approved

Shanghai Serum Biotechnology · Polyclonal Antibodies · Polyclonal Antibodies

What is rabies antiserum?

rabies antiserum is a polyclonal antibodies developed by Shanghai Serum Biotechnology. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or intramuscular (im) injection.

Drug Profile

CompanyShanghai Serum Biotechnology
Drug ClassPolyclonal Antibodies, Antibody
RouteInjectable (Others), Intramuscular (IM) Injection
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Shanghai Serum Biotechnology

Therapeutic Indications

rabies antiserum is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Infections and infestationsRabies✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026-07-17

One Health genomic surveillance reveals structured urban rabies transmission and major surveillance gaps.

Brunker Kirstyn K, Dávila-Barclay Alejandra A, Díaz Elvis W EW, Kasaragod Sandeep S et al.

Persistent local foci remain a barrier to eliminating dog-mediated rabies. The processes sustaining micro-scale transmission, particularly in complex urban systems, remain poorly understood. We apply an integrated One Health genomic epidemiology framework to reconstruct a decade-long rabies virus (RABV) epidemic in Arequipa, Peru. Combining 133 new whole genomes with existing data, we produce the most comprehensive canine RABV dataset in Latin America and use whole-genome-informed phylogenetic, phylodynamic, and landscape analyses, to trace the epidemic from its first detection in 2015. Transmission was dominated by a single lineage estimated to be introduced around 2012, which spread for approximately 3 years before detection. We find that only 1-2% of infections are routinely detected, revealing extensive cryptic transmission and undermining case-based metrics for verifying disease freedom. Additional regional and transboundary introductions were detected, but only one resulted in sustained transmission. Within Arequipa city, transmission is highly structured, concentrated in densely populated and socioeconomically deprived areas, and shaped by urban connectivity, with roads and dry water channels facilitating spread and rivers acting as partial barriers. Together, our findings demonstrate that rabies persistence reflects interacting processes across spatial scales and support genomic-informed, spatially targeted surveillance and control strategies.

PMID 42465450
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PubMedJournal of virological methods2026-07-17

Stability Analysis of Rabies Virus in the Environment.

Zhang Minghui M, Zhang Na N, Xu Xiaonuo X, Tao Xiaoyan X et al.

Rabies, a fatal zoonosis, remains a burden in developing countries. Concerns about indirect environmental transmission and appropriate post‑exposure prophylaxis (PEP) are increasing, yet data on RABV stability under various conditions are limited. In this study, we systematically evaluated the stability of RABV (CVS‑11 strain) on six surface (glass, rubber, plastic, polypropylene surgical mask, fabric, and paper) at 25℃, and its stability in brain tissue, muscle, and simulated saliva under three simulated seasonal conditions: summer (35℃, 75% RH), spring/autumn (15℃, 43% RH), and winter (4℃, 33% RH). Viral titers were determined by fluorescent focus assay, complemented by direct fluorescent antibody staining and qPCR for nucleic acid detection. On surfaces, RABV titers declined from about 107 FFU/mL to 103 FFU/mL over 72h, with inactivation occurring significantly faster on fabric than on other materials. Under simulated summer conditions, no infectious virus could be recovered from saliva after 12h or from brain and muscle tissues after 24h, but viral RNA remained detectable by qPCR. However, under spring/autumn and winter conditions, the virus still exhibited relatively high titers at 24h, with enhanced stability at 4℃. These findings provide an evidence‑based framework for diagnostic laboratories to interpret nucleic acid tests in degraded specimens and to establish sample acceptance criteria. By clarifying the limited time window of environmental infectivity, they also help alleviate rabies‑related anxiety and support more nuanced post‑exposure prophylaxis decisions.

PMID 42462824
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PubMedFrontiers in immunology2026-07-17

Single-cell immune landscape of the central nervous system of mice infected with rabies virus.

Wang Xinyue X, Zhang Xinjie X, He Wenwen W, Xia Xianzhu X et al.

The fatality rate of virulent rabies virus (RABV) following central nervous system (CNS) invasion is nearly 100%. Infection with the virulent CVS-11 strain is associated with severe neurological symptoms and lethal outcomes, while the attenuated SRV9 strain can be cleared by the host. Although previous studies have investigated intracranial cytological and immunological changes, a high-resolution single-cell understanding is still lacking. Such resolution is essential for analyzing immune cell heterogeneity and intercellular communication networks. This study aimed to depict the immune response after CVS-11 and SRV9 infections at single-cell resolution, addressing the immune mechanisms influencing RABV infection outcomes. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on brains from CVS-11 infected, SRV9 infected, and mock infected mice. By analyzing over 100,000 cells, we constructed a comprehensive atlas of CNS immune responses. Compared with SRV9 infection, CVS-11 infection was associated with transcriptional signatures indicative of: a trend of microglial shifting toward a phagocytic signature enriched phagocytic phenotype, elevated expression of genes related to excessive neutrophilic inflammation, down regulation of NK cell functional genes (suggesting potential dysfunction), and increased expression of T cell exhaustion-related genes. In contrast, SRV9 infection correlated with microglial features indicative of an immunoregulatory phenotype, more precise NK cell antiviral function, more complete T cell activation and memory formation, and more coordinated immune interactions. The scRNA-seq data from this study suggest that virulent and attenuated RABV strains may induce distinct patterns of immune responses in the central nervous system: the former is accompanied by features of dysfunctional cellular responses, whereas the latter presents protective immune features associated with viral clearance. Notably, a set of signature genes (Fkbp5, Apod, Klf2, Socs3) and pathways was identified associated with lethal RABV infection. These findings provide new insights for rabies vaccine design and immunotherapy.

PMID 42465758
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PubMedJournal of colloid and interface science2026-07-17

RVG-functionalized microglial membrane-coated cerium-gallic acid metal-organic frameworks for multi-target Alzheimer's therapy.

Yang Fengmei F, Chen Yutong Y, Yan Yujiao Y, Zhao Ruixin R et al.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder characterized by aberrant β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and disrupted metal ion homeostasis, which limit the efficacy of conventional single-target therapies. To address these intertwined pathological processes, we developed a multifunctional nanotherapeutic platform based on a cerium-gallic acid bio-metal-organic framework (CeGA-MOF). Reversible Ce3+/Ce4+ redox cycling enables efficient reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, while gallic acid serves as both an organic ligand and metal chelator, inhibiting metal ion-mediated Aβ aggregation and alleviating oxidative stress-associated neurotoxicity, along with its intrinsic anti-inflammatory activity. To enhance in vivo stability and brain delivery, CeGA-MOF was coated with microglial membranes and functionalized with rabies virus glycoprotein (RVG) peptide, yielding a biomimetic nanosystem, CeGA-MOF/B/R. The microglial membrane provides immune evasion and inflammation-guided targeting, while RVG facilitates blood-brain barrier penetration. In vitro, CeGA-MOF/B/R effectively chelates Cu2+, Zn2+, and Fe3+, suppresses metal ion-induced Aβ aggregation, and protects neurons. In APP/PS1 transgenic mice, it reduced cerebral Aβ, promoted anti-inflammatory microglial polarization, and improved learning and memory, highlighting its potential as a biomimetic nanoplatform for synergistic AD therapy.

PMID 42462667
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PubMedNeurochemistry international2026-07-17

Integrated Input-Output Connectomics at Single-Neuron Resolution Reveals Parallel Projection Streams in the Mouse Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus.

Wei Hengzheng H, Li Yiyao Y, Zhao Tianyu T, Ren Xiao X et al.

The ventral posterolateral nucleus (VPL) has long been regarded as a linear relay of somatosensory information from the spinal cord to the primary somatosensory cortex (SSp). However, the circuit architecture underlying VPL integration of non-sensory signals, including motor commands and affective states, remains poorly defined; in particular, the relevant circuit mechanisms of canonical excitatory neurons labeled by vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGluT2) within this nucleus remain largely unelucidated. By combining monosynaptic rabies tracing with fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography (fMOST), we generated a quantitative, single-cell resolution connectome of VPLVGluT2 neurons in mice. We find that these neurons receive substantial convergent inputs from motor, limbic, and basal ganglia circuits, challenging the classical view that VPL is a unimodal sensory relay. Single-neuron reconstructions (n=149) further reveal four distinct projection subtypes that innervate not only the SSp but also the primary motor cortex (MOp) and higher-order association areas. Notably, projections to MOp preferentially target layer 5, bypassing the canonical sensory hierarchy. These anatomical findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the VPL may serve as a hub for sensorimotor integration, and they provide a critical structural basis for understanding how somatosensation interfaces with action and cognition.

PMID 42462856
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PubMedVaccine2026-07-16

Immunogenicity and safety of serum-free rabies vaccine for human use with simulated post-exposure schedules: A randomized, double-blind, active-controlled phase III clinical trial.

Jing Yulin Y, Chang Xiaoqiang X, Jin Zhongqiang Z, Yang Fei F et al.

Rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease that can be effectively prevented through timely postexposure prophylaxis (PEP). Serum-free rabies vaccines may theoretically reduce risks associated with animal-derived components, and simplified PEP schedules may improve vaccination compliance and accessibility. This trial evaluated the immunogenicity and safety of Sinovac serum-free rabies vaccine administered using 5-dose and simplified 4-dose schedules. A randomized, double-blind, active-controlled phase III clinical trial was conducted in 2000 healthy participants aged 10-60 years. Participants were randomized in a 1:1:1:1 ratio to receive Sinovac rabies vaccine according to the 5-dose Essen schedule on D0,3,7,14,28 (5-dose study group), two 4-dose schedules on D0,3,7,14 (4-dose study group 1) or D0,3,7,28 (4-dose study group 2), or a licensed rabies vaccine according to the 5-dose Essen schedule (5-dose control group). Primary endpoints were seroconversion rates (SCRs) and geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) on D14 and SCRs on D42 in susceptible participants with baseline rabies virus neutralizing antibodies (RVNA) <0.5 IU/mL. Secondary endpoints included SCR and GMC on D28, seropositive rates at 3 and 6 months, and safety through 6 months. In susceptible participants, SCRs reached 100% on D14, D28, and D42 in all groups. On D14, RVNA GMCs were 34.71, 36.36, 33.17, and 37.38 IU/mL in the two 4-dose study groups, 5-dose study group, and the control group, respectively. All three Sinovac vaccine groups met the prespecified non-inferiority criteria versus the control group for D14 and D42 SCRs and D14 GMCs. Seropositive rates remained 100% at 3 months and above 97% at 6 months in all Sinovac vaccine groups. Safety profiles were comparable across groups, and most adverse reactions were Grade 1, with no vaccine-related serious adverse events reported. Sinovac serum-free rabies vaccine induced rapid, robust, and persistent immune responses under both 5-dose and simplified 4-dose schedules, with a favorable safety profile.

PMID 42456561
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