Drug Database
ID

idoxuridine (idoxuridine, APR / Apridin C / Apridin)

✓ Approved

Pierre Fabre S.A. · · Small Molecule

What is idoxuridine?

idoxuridine is a small molecule developed by Pierre Fabre S.A.. It is approved for therapeutic indications via topical.

Drug Profile

Brand Namesidoxuridine, APR, Apridin C, Apridin
CompanyPierre Fabre S.A.
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
Molecular Target,
RouteTopical
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Pierre Fabre S.A.

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

idoxuridine acts on 2 molecular targets:

(UL30)
(UL30)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

idoxuridine is developed for 2 unique indications across 2 therapeutic areas.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Infections and infestationsHerpes simplex✓ Approved
Congenital, familial and genetic disordersCongenital herpes simplex infection✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedThe International journal on drug policy2026-08-30

Substance use-related stigma and injection-related bacterial infections among people who inject drugs in Montreal.

Horvat Keesha K, Bruneau Julie J, Knight Rodney R, Martel-Laferrière Valérie V et al.

Evidence quantifying dimensions of stigma and their health impacts among people who inject drugs (PWID) remains limited. We characterized substance use-related stigma dimensions among PWID and estimated their associations with injection-related bacterial infections (IRBIs). We conducted a cross-sectional study nested within a prospective cohort of PWID in Montréal (August 2024-November 2025). Substance use-related stigma was measured using the Substance Use Stigma Mechanisms Scale (SU-SMS), capturing three mechanisms (enacted/anticipated/internalized); enacted and anticipated stigma were further stratified by source (family/healthcare workers). Mean scores were computed for each dimension (range 1-5) and dichotomized as low (<4) or high (≥4); any stigma was defined as high if ≥1 mechanism was high. IRBIs in the past three months included skin/soft tissue infections, bone/joint infections, sepsis, or endocarditis. Associations with IRBIs were estimated for each stigma mechanism, and by source, using Poisson regression with robust standard errors. Among 377 PWID, high enacted, anticipated, and internalized stigma were reported by 10%, 10%, and 9%, respectively. High stigma on any mechanism was reported by 20%. By source, high family-related stigma was more prevalent than healthcare-related stigma for both enacted (30% vs 11%) and anticipated stigma (26% vs 12%). Recent IRBIs were reported by 23% of participants. Associations with recent IRBIs were strongest for enacted stigma, with those reporting high (vs low) levels twice as likely to report one (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR]=2.1; 95%CI: 1.4-3.1); however, associations were modest and inconclusive for anticipated (aPR=1.3; 95%CI: 0.8-2.1) and internalized stigma (aPR=1.2; 95%CI: 0.7-2.2). When stratified by source, enacted stigma remained associated with IRBIs whether from family or healthcare workers, whereas anticipated stigma showed no clear association from either source. One in five PWID experienced high substance use-related stigma on at least one of the three mechanisms. Findings underscore the multifaceted, harmful impact of stigma on PWID health and the need to address stigma from both family members and healthcare workers.

PMID 42669224
Read full article →
PubMedCureus2026-08-29

Pharmacists' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices and Healthcare Stakeholders' Perspectives on Clinical Pharmacy Services in Referral Hospitals in Mainland Tanzania: A Mixed-Methods Study.

Mutagonda Ritah F RF, Kilonzi Manase M, Mwakawanga Dorkasi D, Marealle Alphonce I AI et al.

Background Clinical pharmacy services (CPS) support safe, effective, and rational medicine use. In Tanzania, CPS is a core professional responsibility of pharmacists, but evidence on hospital implementation remains limited. This study assessed pharmacists' knowledge, attitudes, and self-reported practices and explored stakeholder perspectives on CPS implementation in referral hospitals. Methods  A cross-sectional mixed-methods study was conducted in 17 regions of mainland Tanzania during August-September 2021. The quantitative component included 251 pharmacists. The qualitative component included in-depth interviews of 14 hospital administrators and focus group discussions of 83 pharmacists, medical doctors, and nurses. Quantitative data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 23 (IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States), while qualitative data were analysed thematically. Results  Most pharmacists had adequate knowledge of CPS (96.0%), whereas 48.6% had negative attitudes and 47.8% reported poor practice. Prescription review and dispensing-related activities were reported more frequently than ward-round participation, treatment planning, and clinical documentation. Facility level was associated with practice; pharmacists in regional referral hospitals had a lower prevalence of good practice than those at the national hospital (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR)=0.43, 95% CI: 0.33-0.55; p<0.001). Qualitative findings confirmed recognition of pharmacists' clinical value but identified staffing shortages, workload, weak institutional integration, and limited operational guidance as major barriers. Doctors and nurses generally viewed pharmacists' involvement in direct patient care positively. Conclusion Pharmacists demonstrated high awareness and conceptual understanding of CPS, but comprehensive implementation remained limited. Strengthening CPS will require adequate staffing, institutional support, clearly defined clinical roles, practical training and mentorship, operational guidance, and structured interprofessional collaboration.

PMID 42666646
Read full article →
PubMedJournal of minimal access surgery2026-08-28

Surgical management of rectal cancer: Analysis of procedural patterns and perioperative outcomes in 510 patients.

Lone Amir Zaffar AZ, Teeli Mehraj Ul Islam MUI, Parray Fazl-Ul-Qadir FU, Batool Anna A et al.

Effective surgical therapy of rectal cancer necessitates meticulous selection of suitable surgical procedures contingent upon tumour location, stage and patient characteristics. This research examines surgical procedural trends and results in a tertiary care facility in Kashmir. A 7-year retrospective-prospective research examined 510 rectal cancer patients who had surgical treatment at SKIMS. Surgical interventions were classified as local excision, low anterior resection (LAR), abdominoperineal resection (APR), Hartmann's technique and palliative operations. Data about surgical approaches (open, laparoscopic and robotic), perioperative parameters and complications were gathered and analysed. Out of 510 patients, 36 (7.05%) had transanal excision, 280 (54.9%) underwent LAR, 145 (28.4%) received APR, 35 (6.9%) were treated with Hartmann's surgery and 14 (2.7%) had unresectable disease necessitating palliative interventions. In the cohort undergoing neoadjuvant treatment, the rates of sphincter-preserving surgery were significantly elevated (62.5% compared to 45.1%, P < 0.05). A laparoscopic technique was employed in 178 individuals (34.9%). Conversion to open surgery was performed in 18 instances (10.1%). This institutional experience illustrates the progression of surgical practices, highlighting the growing implementation of sphincter-preserving techniques and less invasive methods. Neoadjuvant treatment profoundly impacts surgical decision-making, facilitating an increased number of sphincter-preserving surgeries. Persistent focus on entire mesorectal excision principles and judicious application of sophisticated surgical methods can enhance oncological and functional results.

PMID 42663975
Read full article →
PubMedPloS one2026-08-28

Occupation is a significant independent predictor of hypocalcemia among diabetic patients in Jinja, Uganda.

Said Abdirahman Ibrahim AI, Hussein Mustafe M, Olet Stephen Charles SC, Hersi Abshir Mohamoud AM et al.

Electrolyte disturbances are common among patients with diabetes mellitus and contribute significantly to morbidity. Hypocalcemia, an often-overlooked abnormality, may be influenced by both medical and lifestyle factors, particularly in resource-limited settings. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of hypocalcemia and identify its associated determinants among diabetic patients attending Jinja Regional Referral Hospital in Uganda. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 374 adult diabetic patients at the medical outpatient clinic of Jinja Regional Referral Hospital. Participants were consecutively enrolled, and data were collected using structured questionnaires and laboratory investigations. Serum calcium levels were measured, with hypocalcemia defined as <2.2 mmol/L. Descriptive statistics were used to determine prevalence, while bivariate and multivariate analyses (modified Poisson regression) identified factors associated with hypocalcemia. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. The prevalence of hypocalcemia was 28.9% (95% CI: 24.5-33.7). At bivariate analysis, significant associations were observed with occupation, social support, duration of diabetes, BMI, waist circumference, random blood glucose, and medication adherence. However, in multivariate analysis, only occupation remained independently associated with hypocalcemia. Civil servants had a significantly higher prevalence compared to farmers (aPR = 1.91; 95% CI: 1.07-3.43; p = 0.030). Hypocalcemia is highly prevalent among diabetic patients in this setting. Occupation, particularly indoor-based work such as civil service, is an independent predictor, likely reflecting reduced sunlight exposure and possible vitamin D deficiency. Routine screening for calcium abnormalities and targeted interventions addressing lifestyle factors are recommended to improve comprehensive diabetes care.

PMID 42664241
Read full article →
PubMedJournal of human hypertension2026-08-28

Antihypertensive treatment and adverse psychiatric reactions in primary health care.

Curic Emina E, Ohlsson Henrik H, Kendler Kenneth K, Sundquist Jan J et al.

Antihypertensive treatment (AHT) has been associated with adverse psychiatric reactions (APRs), but existing data are conflicting. The aim of the present study was to determine the risk for seven different APRs in drug-naive patients with newly diagnosed hypertension in primary health care. This cohort study analyzed registry data of individuals aged 40-70 with a newly diagnosed untreated hypertension without previous psychiatric or cardiovascular comorbidities in Swedish primary healthcare from 2006 and onwards. Adjusted Cox proportional hazard ratios (aHRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated with seven different AHTs as time-dependent variables. Seven different APRs outcomes were studied. Bonferroni correction was used. Among 677,564 studied individuals (51% female, mean age [±standard deviation] 58.0 [ ± 7.7] years), the highest risks of APRs occurred within the first two years of AHT. All AHTs were associated with one or more APRs. Beta-blockers showed strongest associations with APR. During the first two years after diagnosis of hypertension, beta-blockers were significantly associated with substance abuse disorders (aHR=1.48, 95%CI 1.43-1.54), psychotic disorders (aHR=1.46, 95%CI 1.27-1.68), affective disorders (aHR=1.35, 95%CI 1.32-1.39), bipolar disorders (aHR=1.34, 95%CI 1.12-1.61), depressive disorders (aHR=1.36, 95%CI 1.32-1.40), anxiety disorders (aHR=1.51, 95%CI 1.48-1.54), and sleep disorders (aHR=1.27, 95%CI 1.24-1.30). Certain associations remained in a co-sibling analysis. AHTs are associated with several APRs especially during the first two years after diagnosis of hypertension. However, it is important to note that only association but not causality can be inferred due to persistent confounding that could not be practically adjusted for.

PMID 42660983
Read full article →
PubMedSocial science & medicine (1982)2026-08-28

Incomplete implementation of substance use treatment referrals in U.S. hospitals: What can be learned through a lens of decoupling?

Phillips Aryn Z AZ, Rodriguez Hector P HP

Hospitals can play a key role in identifying and treating substance use disorders (SUD), and a process known as Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) exists to assist with this process. However, SBIRT is often implemented in ways that minimize disruption to operational workflows; screening is performed but not referral to treatment. This pattern of hospital practices aligns with and may be indicative of "decoupling," the symbolic adoption of new practices in suboptimal ways to comply with legitimacy pressures. This study seeks to investigate whether hospital characteristics consistent with those theorized to relate to decoupling are linked with incomplete SBIRT implementation, as viewing SBIRT through this lens may provide new insights into hospital systems and practices that contribute to care gaps. Using the National Survey of Healthcare Organizations and Systems 2017-2018 hospital survey, we regress incomplete implementation (systems for screening but limited referral) on hospital characteristics aligned with those hypothesized to influence two unique types of decoupling: goals-system decoupling (decoupling between an organization's stated goals and the systems designed to implement them) and system-practice decoupling (decoupling between the systems designed to guide daily activities and the activities as practiced). 49.05% of hospitals reported incomplete SBIRT implementation. Having more processes to disseminate best practices was associated with lower prevalence of incomplete implementation (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) = 0.91, p = 0.01). A less robust association (i.e., at 0.10 level) was also observed between decentralized decision and incomplete implementation (aPR = 0.81, p = 0.06). The pattern of associations is more consistent with characteristics theorized to relate to system-practice decoupling and suggests that investment in infrastructure to disseminate best practices and, perhaps, autonomy in physician decision making may improve implementation and reduce treatment gaps.

PMID 42664745
Read full article →

+8755 more articles available with a free account

Sign up free to view all articles →

Ask about idoxuridine