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cannabidiol (Xalex 10)

✓ Approved

RAMM Pharma · CNR1

What is cannabidiol?

cannabidiol is a therapeutic agent developed by RAMM Pharma. It is approved for therapeutic indications via oral (po).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesXalex 10
CompanyRAMM Pharma
Molecular TargetCNR1, TRPV1, GPR55
RouteOral (PO)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, RAMM Pharma

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

cannabidiol acts on 3 molecular targets:

CNR1cannabinoid receptor 1 (CNR, CB1A)
TRPV1transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (VR1)
GPR55G protein-coupled receptor 55 (LPIR1)
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Therapeutic Indications

cannabidiol is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Nervous system disordersEpilepsy✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedJournal of cannabis research2026-07-17

Development and validation of a low-cost spectrophotometric method for cannabidiol (CBD) quantification based on the Beam reaction.

Silva Sofras Fresia Melina FM, Desimone Martín Federico MF, Municoy Sofia S

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a compound of high pharmacological interest, requiring accessible analytical methods for its identification and measurement. This study proposes the transformation of the classic Beam reaction, traditionally a qualitative colorimetric test, into a robust, low-cost quantitative technique using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The method is based on the formation of a specific chromophore between CBD/CBDA and a 5% ethanolic KOH solution. Spectral characterization identified a maximum absorbance peak at 530 nm. Kinetic analysis established that the reaction stabilizes after a 24-hour incubation period, ensuring high reproducibility for batch analysis. The optimized protocol demonstrated high linearity (R2 > 0.99) and excellent precision, with a Relative Standard Deviation (RSD%) of 2.88% for intraday and 4.74% for interday assays. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 1.84 and 5.58 µg/mL respectively. By utilizing widely available reagents and standard instrumentation, this method provides a significant advantage for laboratories and research centers where high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is not feasible. The findings validate the Beam reaction as a precise, simple, and economically viable tool for the quantification of total CBD.

PMID 42464381
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PubMedInternational immunopharmacology2026-07-17

Comment on "cannabidiol synergizes with methotrexate to attenuate rheumatoid arthritis via STAT3/NF-κB signalling-mediated M1 macrophage polarization".

Qu Xia X, Huang Tianyu T, Chen Bo B

Xu et al. reported that cannabidiol (CBD) enhanced the therapeutic effect of methotrexate (MTX) in experimental rheumatoid arthritis and attributed this benefit mainly to suppression of STAT3/NF-κB-driven M1 macrophage polarization. While the study is of interest and raises a potentially relevant MTX-sparing concept, we believe that several conclusions are stronger than the data currently support. In particular, superiority of a single combination regimen over selected monotherapy groups does not, by itself, establish true pharmacological synergy, which generally requires a formal interaction analysis across a dose matrix. In addition, the absence of pharmacokinetic assessment leaves an important translational gap, as CBD may not be pharmacologically neutral when co-administered with MTX, and short-term histology alone cannot exclude altered drug handling or cumulative toxicity. We also question whether the mechanistic interpretation is sufficiently resolved, given that the binary M1/M2 framework does not fully reflect the current understanding of macrophage heterogeneity in rheumatoid synovium. We therefore consider this study hypothesis-generating rather than mechanistically or pharmacologically definitive, and we suggest that a more restrained interpretation would better reflect the level of evidence provided.

PMID 42462478
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PubMedPCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences2026-07-17

Psychiatric effects of cannabidiol, cannabinol, and tetrahydrocannabinol: A narrative review of clinical evidence and risk profiles.

Kishi Yasuhiro Y, Takumi Ichiro I, Nakajima-Ohyama Kakusho Chigusa KC

Cannabinoid products are increasingly used worldwide despite limited psychiatric evidence. This narrative review synthesizes preclinical and clinical evidence on cannabidiol (CBD), cannabinol (CBN), and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) to clarify their distinct psychiatric profiles and discuss how current evidence may inform ongoing clinical and regulatory discussions. A targeted search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science through March 2026 was conducted, prioritizing randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. While preclinical studies consistently suggest anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects of CBD, clinical evidence remains inconsistent and fails to establish robust therapeutic efficacy. Recent meta-analyses indicate no consistent clinically meaningful benefit of cannabinoids across major psychiatric disorders, and evidence for CBN remains minimal and insufficient to support any clinical recommendation. In sharp contrast, a robust body of evidence indicates that THC is strongly and dose-dependently associated with adverse psychiatric outcomes-including psychosis, cognitive impairment, mood instability, and suicidality-particularly with early-onset or high-potency use. Overall, current evidence does not support the routine clinical use of cannabinoids for psychiatric indications. Although CBD is an investigational agent with a favorable safety profile, its clinical utility remains unproven, whereas THC exposure carries well-documented risks of psychiatric adverse effects. These findings underscore the importance of cautious, compound-specific, and evidence-based approaches to clinical practice and regulation, particularly within the precautionary frameworks observed in several Asian countries.

PMID 42466383
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PubMedJournal of cannabis research2026-07-17

Cannabichromene (CBC): a comprehensive review of biosynthesis, pharmacology, therapeutic potential, and translational perspectives.

Elbouzidi Amine A, Baraich Abdellah A, Haddou Mounir M, El Hachlafi Naoufal N et al.

Cannabis sativa L. produces a chemically diverse array of over 150 phytocannabinoids, of which cannabichromene (CBC) represents the fourth most abundant constituent in many chemovars, yet remains profoundly underexplored relative to its structural congeners delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD), and its precursor cannabigerol (CBG). Unlike THC, CBC is non-psychoactive and lacks the intoxicating central effects associated with THC, positioning it as a particularly attractive candidate for therapeutic development. This comprehensive review critically examines the current state of knowledge on CBC, encompassing its biosynthetic origin through the polyketide and mevalonate/methylerythritol phosphate pathways, the enzymatic conversion of cannabigerolic acid (CBGA) to cannabichromenic acid (CBCA) by CBC synthase (CBCAS), and subsequent spontaneous and thermally accelerated decarboxylation. We survey the natural occurrence and distribution of CBC across Cannabis chemovars, the genetic and environmental determinants of its accumulation, and the advanced extraction, isolation, and analytical methodologies employed for its characterization. The pharmacokinetic profile of CBC, including absorption, distribution, hepatic metabolism via cytochrome P450 enzymes, and elimination, is discussed in the context of its notably low oral bioavailability. The molecular pharmacology of CBC is examined in depth, highlighting its unique receptor interaction profile: minimal direct engagement with CB1/CB2 cannabinoid receptors, potent agonism at transient receptor potential channels (TRPV1, TRPA1, TRPV3, TRPV4), and indirect modulation of endocannabinoid tone through inhibition of anandamide reuptake. We evaluate the preclinical evidence supporting its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, anticancer, neuroprotective, antidepressant, and dermatological activities, and contextualize these findings within the entourage effect framework. The toxicological safety profile, drug-drug interaction potential, and regulatory landscape are critically assessed. Finally, we identify translational challenges, including formulation limitations, the absence of clinical trials, and regulatory fragmentation, and propose future research directions encompassing nanotechnology-based delivery systems, synthetic biology platforms for sustainable production, multi-omics integration, and precision medicine approaches. This review establishes CBC as a high-potential but critically understudied phytocannabinoid deserving of accelerated preclinical and clinical investigation.

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PubMedFrontiers in neuroscience2026-07-16

Endocannabinoid system modulation in bruxism: a neurobiological hypothesis and translational model of ECS-targeted intervention.

da Rosa Rafaela A RA, Caldas Ricardo Armini RA

Bruxism is a multifactorial motor behavior of predominantly central origin, characterized by repetitive masticatory muscle activity and associated with dysregulation of dopaminergic, serotonergic, GABAergic, and glutamatergic pathways involved in motor control, emotional regulation, and stress responsivity. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) has emerged as a key homeostatic neuromodulator capable of integrating these neurotransmitter systems, thereby influencing pain processing, sleep-wake dynamics, and motor output. This article develops a neurobiological hypothesis based on a narrative integrative synthesis of clinical, experimental, and translational evidence regarding ECS involvement in the pathophysiology of bruxism. Findings from randomized clinical trials suggest that topical cannabidiol (CBD) may modulate motor neuron excitability and reduce pain-related outcomes, while case-based and experimental evidence supports the interaction between cannabinoid signaling and neural circuits implicated in motor control and behavioral regulation. Building on this evidence, we propose a hypothesis-driven translational model in which ECS-mediated neuromodulation may influence central mechanisms underlying bruxism, including motor pattern generation, stress responsivity, and nociceptive processing. Rather than providing prescriptive therapeutic recommendations, this model is intended as a hypothesis-generating construct that integrates current knowledge on ECS signaling within the broader neurobiology of motor control. Although heterogeneity in study design and outcome measures limits definitive conclusions, the available evidence supports the ECS as a plausible modulatory system in bruxism, with potential implications for future mechanistic and clinical research in centrally mediated motor disorders.

PMID 42459362
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PubMedFrontiers in veterinary science2026-07-15

Correction: Formulation-specific dose-response in the serum proteome of healthy dogs following cannabidiol administration.

Theerapan Wutthiwong W, Limsuwan Sasithorn S, Rattanasrisomporn Jatuporn J, Ploypetch Sekkarin S et al.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2026.1803263.].

PMID 42453977
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