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articaine hydrochloride + epinephrine (Septocaine)

✓ Approved

GC corporation · Small Molecule · Small Molecule

What is articaine hydrochloride + epinephrine?

articaine hydrochloride + epinephrine is a small molecule developed by GC corporation. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesSeptocaine
CompanyGC corporation
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
RouteInjectable (Others)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, GC corporation

Therapeutic Indications

articaine hydrochloride + epinephrine is developed for 2 unique indications across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Nervous system disordersAnaesthesia✓ Approved
Nervous system disordersSensory loss✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedNeuromolecular medicine2026-08-30

AMBMP Hydrochloride Reverses STZ-Induced Alzheimer-Type Dementia Associated with Wnt/β-catenin/TLR4 Signaling.

Kalra Palak P, Chaturvedi Deepak D, Kumar Amit A, Grewal Amarjot Kaur AK et al.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder with progressive cognitive decline and neuronal loss. This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of AMBMP Hydrochloride, a Wnt/β-catenin agonist, in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced mice model of AD, elucidating the interplay between dysregulated Wnt/β-catenin signaling and Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated inflammation, with Palmitic acid used as a TLR4 pathway modulator. Mice received bilateral intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injections of STZ (3 mg/kg) on Day 1 and Day 3, followed by administration of Donepezil (3 mg/kg)/ AMBMP Hydrochloride (5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg)/Palmitic acid (TLR4 agonist, 20 mg/kg) via the intraperitoneal (i.p.) route from Day 4 to Day 22. STZ-treated mice exhibited significant cognitive dysfunction, characterized by impaired performance in the Morris Water Maze (MWM) task along with increase in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, oxidative stress (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; TBARS), neuroinflammation [tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)/Interleukin-6 (IL-6)/Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)] and decreased reduced glutathione (GSH) levels. However, AMBMP Hydrochloride significantly improved behavioral and biochemical alterations possibly through modulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and attenuation of TLR4-mediated inflammation. Interestingly, Palmitic acid co-treatment was found to counteract these protective effects, further pointing to a role of TLR4 in the pharmacological effect of AMBMP Hydrochloride. In summary, we confirmed that AMBMP Hydrochloride exhibits potent neuroprotective effects associated with modulating Wnt/β-catenin/TLR4 signaling, offering a promising therapeutic approach against Alzheimer-Type Dementia. Future studies should delve deeper into the molecular mechanisms and translational promise of AMBMP hydrochloride, paving the way for its development as a potential candidate for AD management.

PMID 42668333
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PubMedPakistan journal of medical sciences2026-08-30

Efficacy of Bromhexine hydrochloride combined with bronchoalveolar lavage under fiberoptic bronchoscopy in the treatment of mild to moderate community-acquired pneumonia.

Hu Feiyan F, Lin Li L, Lv Feijing F, Xu Yanan Y et al.

To evaluate the clinical efficacy of bromhexine hydrochloride (BRH) combined with fiberoptic bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) under fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) in the treatment of patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). This retrospective cohort study included clinical data from 126 patients with mild-to-moderate CAP treated at Yongkang First People's Hospital from March 2023 to March 2025. Of them, patients treated with BRH alone (BRH group, n=63) were matched 1:1 to a cohort treated with BRH combined with fiberoptic bronchoscopic BAL under FOB (BRH & BAL group, n=63). The primary outcome was clinical efficacy. Secondary outcomes included clinical symptoms, levels of inflammatory factors, and incidence of adverse reactions. After treatment, the efficacy of the BRH & BAL group (95.2%) was significantly higher than that of the BRH group (84.1%) (P<0.05). Post-treatment duration of fever, time to cough relief, time to resolution of pulmonary rales, and hospital length of stay in the BRH & BAL group were all shorter than those in the BRH group (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of IL-6, CRP, and PCT in both groups were considerably lower than pre-treatment and significantly lower in the BRH & BAL group than in the BRH group (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). BRH combined with BAL under FOB for the treatment of mild-to-moderate CAP is associated with improved therapeutic efficacy, alleviation of clinical symptoms, reduction of the inflammatory response, and good safety.

PMID 42668875
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PubMedMedical mycology journal2026-08-30

A Case of Kerion Celsi due to Trichophyton rubrum Successfully Treated with Fosravuconazole.

Une Chisato C, Ikutama Risa R, Kano Rui R, Kimura Utako U et al.

A male in his seventies presented with multiple erythematous follicular papules on the back, followed by lesions in the occipital region and posterior neck. Fungal examination revealed kerion celsi caused by Trichophyton rubrum. The patient was treated with fosravuconazole 100 mg/day for 8 weeks, and the brush method was negative 1 month later. The oral antifungal medicines approved for treatment of tinea capitis in Japan are limited to itraconazole and terbinafine hydrochloride. However, itraconazole has many contraindicated drugs, and antifungal resistance has recently become a major concern.As the challenge of drug-resistant fungi is expected to become more significant in the future, the clinical benefits of using fosravuconazole L-lysine ethanolate (F-RVCZ) for treating kerion celsi may increase. Our experience suggests that F-RVCZ could be a valuable therapeutic option.

PMID 42669480
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PubMedRadiology case reports2026-08-30

Telemedicine-guided management of iodinated contrast media-associated anaphylaxis: A case report.

Soni Ravi V RV, Beger Samuel B SB, Ji William W

Immediate hypersensitivity reactions to iodinated contrast media (ICM) are uncommon, and ICM-associated anaphylaxis with airway compromise is rare, but time critical. In recent years, radiology has increasingly incorporated telemedicine-enabled workflows, including forms of virtual direct supervision, supported in part by evolving U.S. reimbursement and supervision policies. As of January 1, 2026, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has finalized policies indefinitely permitting direct supervision via real-time 2-way audiovisual communications in specified contexts, such as diagnostic imaging. A 63-year-old woman undergoing outpatient CT pelvis with contrast developed acute urticaria, hypotension, hypoxemia, and upper-airway angioedema within minutes of injection, meeting clinical criteria for anaphylaxis. An on-site technologist initiated emergency protocol and activated a telemedicine emergency alert, prompting real-time audiovisual communication with an already connected remote supervising physician. Under remote physician guidance, the on-site team administered two 0.3 mg intramuscular doses of epinephrine, supplemental oxygen, and airway positioning maneuvers, with subsequent improvement in oxygenation and systolic blood pressure before EMS arrival. The patient was later intubated in the emergency department for airway protection, extubated the following day, and discharged home without neurologic sequelae. This case suggests that telemedicine-enabled supervision platforms may support timely recognition and management of ICM-associated anaphylaxis when coupled with on-site preparedness, trained personnel, and readily available emergency medications and airway adjuncts. However, remotely witnessed emergencies introduce distinct operational risks (eg, connection latency, communication handoffs), and warrant rigorous protocols, simulation-based training, and systems-level redundancy. Similar events may become increasingly relevant as distributed imaging care models expand.

PMID 42668604
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PubMedBiochemistry. Biokhimiia2026-08-30

Dopaminergic System of the Eye and Its Role in Glaucoma Pathogenesis.

Chesnokova Natalya B NB, Pavlenko Tatyana A TA, Beznos Olga V OV, Petrov Sergey Y SY et al.

Glaucoma is a multifaceted disease characterized by optic nerve damage and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration, leading to optic neuropathy and vision loss. Neurodegenerative processes in the retina underlie glaucoma pathogenesis. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is a contributing factor in the development and progression of most types of glaucoma, making IOP reduction the standard treatment approach, while existing neuroprotective therapies remain largely ineffective. Dopaminergic system (DS) of the eye and its role in ocular pathology are insufficiently studied, yet available data suggest that DS is one of the most significant regulatory systems in the eye. It is widely represented in ocular structures and participates in regulation of visual function, circadian rhythms, blood circulation, and aqueous humor dynamics, as well as in eye development. Both IOP elevation and retinal ganglion cell neurodegeneration in glaucoma are critically influenced by an imbalance in the DS components. In the vertebrate retina, dopamine serves as the primary neurotransmitter and neuromodulator. It is also a precursor to sympathetic nervous system mediators - epinephrine and norepinephrine - expanding its role in physiological processes, including IOP regulation. This review presents recent and foundational studies on the presence of dopamine and its receptors in various ocular structures, their significance in normal eye function, mechanisms of involvement in neurodegenerative processes in glaucoma, and in IOP regulation. Based on analysis of the DS role in glaucoma pathogenesis, the prospects for developing antiglaucoma drugs for neuroprotection, IOP reduction, and combined mechanisms of action are discussed. Additionally, potential use of the analysis of DS components in the tear fluid as a non-invasive test for early diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic justification is considered.

PMID 42669553
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PubMedJournal of pharmaceutical sciences2026-08-29

Bacterial nanocellulose as a drug delivery system for local anesthetics: A novel approach for non-invasive pain management.

Cañas-Gutiérrez Ana A, Castaño Melissa M, Castro-Herazo Cristina C, Toro Lenka L et al.

This study presents the development of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) membranes derived from "Nata de fique" for local anesthesia applications. The membranes were successfully produced using fique juice as a culture medium and exhibited a characteristic nanofibrillar structure. After a purification process with KOH, they displayed a neutral pH and a high moisture content of 98.12 ± 0.54%. Following mechanical dehydration, their thickness and weight were reduced, but upon loading with articaine hydrochloride and epinephrine, the membranes recovered 87.35 ± 0.32% of their moisture. Electron microscopy confirmed that the structural integrity of the nanofibrillar network remained intact after dehydration and drug loading, allowing for controlled drug release. FTIR analysis validated the successful incorporation of anesthetics without compromising membrane integrity. Adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order model, with equilibrium reached in 50 minutes, and the membranes absorbed 4.13 ± 0.3 mg of articaine per gram of wet BNC. Desorption studies in simulated physiological fluid revealed a controlled release of up to 88% of the drug within 60 minutes. In vitro studies demonstrated limited cell adhesion, suggesting potential applications as temporary wound dressings that minimize granulation tissue formation. A 48-hour patch test on volunteers confirmed the membranes as "Non-irritating" and dermatologically safe. These findings highlight the potential of BNC derived from "Nata de fique" membranes as a non-invasive alternative for local anesthetic delivery, offering sustained drug release, biocompatibility, and safe skin application.

PMID 42667958
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