Drug Database
DO

doxycycline (Perio Product / Atridox / doxycycline, Atrix)

✓ Approved

Pharmascience, Inc. · Small Molecule · Small Molecule

What is doxycycline?

doxycycline is a small molecule developed by Pharmascience, Inc.. It is approved for therapeutic indications via oral (po) or topical.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesPerio Product, Atridox, doxycycline, Atrix
CompanyPharmascience, Inc.
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
RouteOral (PO), Topical
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Pharmascience, Inc.

Therapeutic Indications

doxycycline is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Infections and infestationsPeriodontitis✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedBiomacromolecules2026-07-17

Injectable Thermoresponsive PIB/PDA/Doxycycline Hydrogels with Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Temperature-Triggered Hemostatic Functions for Wound Healing.

Zhang Yuanjing Y, Chen Zheng Z, Guo Jiaxuan J, Yang Xueqing X et al.

Injectable and thermoresponsive hydrogels integrating hemostasis, infection suppression, and oxidative stress mitigation are highly desirable for complex wound management and intravascular intervention scenarios. Herein, we developed a biocompatible and thermoresponsive hydrogel based on a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-butyl methacrylate) (PIB) matrix modified with polydopamine (PDA) and loaded with doxycycline (PIB/PDA/Doxycycline). PDA endowed efficient 808 nm photothermal conversion with robust cycling stability, as well as broad-spectrum radical scavenging activity. The hydrogel enables controlled and sustained release of doxycycline over 300 h, and in vitro assays confirmed synergistic chemo-photothermal antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In a murine full-thickness wound model, the PIB/PDA/Doxycycline achieved nearly complete wound closure with improved tissue regeneration. In a murine tail-transection bleeding model, the hydrogel rapidly formed a physical gel barrier at 37 °C, leading to a significant reduction in blood loss. This integrated hydrogel system holds promise for wound repair, antibacterial treatment, antioxidant microenvironment regulation, and temperature-triggered hemostatic applications.

PMID 42464024
Read full article →
PubMedActa ophthalmologica2026-07-17

Efficacy and safety of topical macrolides versus systemic tetracyclines for meibomian gland dysfunction-a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Safir Margarita M, Chan Clara C CC, Teichman Joshua C JC, Arbel Itamar I et al.

To review the efficacy and safety of oral doxycycline antibiotics versus topical macrolides in the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). Systematic review and meta-analysis. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov through December 2024 identified randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing oral tetracyclines with topical macrolides for MGD. Eligible studies reported outcomes related to tear film stability, meibomian gland function, ocular surface health, or symptom severity. Data extraction followed PRISMA guidelines and risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane methods. Among 3699 publications (1964-2024), six RCTs from distinct locations (374 patients) met inclusion criteria, describing only topical azithromycin and oral doxycycline. Treatment regimens were comparable: one month of topical azithromycin (1-1.5%, once to four times daily) versus three to 8 weeks of oral doxycycline (100-200 mg daily). Both treatments significantly improved MGD signs and symptoms. In pooled analyses, topical azithromycin showed superiority in reducing tear debris (odds ratio [OR], 0.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.15-0.74); however, while the total symptoms score favoured azithromycin, the result was borderline (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.38-1.00) and sensitivity-dependent. Subgroup analysis showed doxycycline was superior for corneal fluorescein staining (standardised mean difference [SMD], 0.64; 95% CI, 0.22-1.05), whereas 1% azithromycin was superior for tear breakup time (mean difference [MD], -1.40; 95% CI, -2.20 to -0.60) and dropout-causing adverse events (risk ratio [RR], 0.07; 95% CI, 0.01-0.49). Both topical azithromycin and oral doxycycline are effective for MGD management. Topical azithromycin demonstrated a more favourable safety profile and may represent a useful therapeutic option, particularly for patients with low tolerance to systemic medications. However, further high-quality studies are needed to strengthen the evidence base.

PMID 42464955
Read full article →
PubMedJournal of hazardous materials2026-07-17

Environmental residue-level doxycycline accelerates compensatory evolution and persistence of tet(X4)-mediated tigecycline resistance in Escherichia coli.

Chen Tao T, Yuan Xingyun X, Chen Majian M, Wen Xin X et al.

Environmental residues of tetracycline antibiotics are widespread in livestock and poultry environments and represent an important but underexplored driver of antibiotic resistance (AR) persistence. Here, we investigated how residue-level doxycycline influences the compensatory evolution of E. coli carrying the clinically critical tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4). Using long-term experimental evolution (∼500 generations) under antibiotic-free and environmentally relevant doxycycline conditions, combined with phenotypic assays, gene expression analysis, and whole-genome sequencing, we found that tet(X4) imposed a significant initial fitness cost, which was largely alleviated by ∼300 generations. Notably, fitness recovery occurred without observable plasmid loss or downregulation of tet(X4) under the tested conditions. Instead, adaptive evolution was associated with high-frequency mutations in chromosomal global regulators crp and arcA, which coincided with coordinated phenotypic remodeling, including enhanced motility, reduced reactive oxygen species accumulation, and decreased outer membrane permeability. Importantly, residue-level doxycycline exposure further stabilized plasmid maintenance and resistance levels, indicating that environmental antibiotic residues may contribute to the persistence of high-priority resistance genes during compensatory evolution. These findings suggest that low-level environmental antibiotic exposure may create a selective landscape associated with the stabilization of tet(X4), highlighting a previously underappreciated pathway by which environmental contamination may influence antibiotic resistance and pose potential risks to environmental and public health.

PMID 42462607
Read full article →
PubMedCureus2026-07-17

Unravelling the Allergy Label: A Case of Successful Multi-drug Allergy De-labelling in a Patient.

Vassila Angeliki A, Teo Ying Y, Jones Michael A MA

We report the case of a 23-year-old woman with a pre-existing penicillin allergy label from childhood who presented with severe bilateral conjunctivitis and oral mucositis following a prodromal respiratory illness. Her symptoms worsened shortly after receiving doxycycline, raising concern for a drug reaction. Her condition progressed with significant ocular involvement requiring bilateral amniotic membrane grafting and subsequent immunosuppressive therapy. Investigations confirmed Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, supporting a diagnosis most consistent with Mycoplasma-induced rash and mucositis (MIRM), although Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) could not be fully excluded. Following recovery, a structured allergy work-up was undertaken, including patch testing, intradermal testing and graded oral provocation in accordance with established guidance. All tests were negative, and the patient successfully tolerated amoxicillin, doxycycline and ibuprofen without adverse reactions. This case demonstrates how a structured, multidisciplinary approach to drug allergy evaluation can facilitate de-labelling in patients with complex mucocutaneous presentations, restore access to first-line therapies and improve patient care.

PMID 42465146
Read full article →
PubMedBlood. Red cells & iron2026-07-17

Identification and characterization of novel hepcidin mimetics that modulate ferroportin function.

Castillo Cristina C, Zaman Raha R, El-Derany Marwa O MO, Osman Essam Eldin A EEA et al.

Hepcidin maintains systemic iron homeostasis by binding the iron exporter ferroportin (FPN) and inducing its lysosomal degradation. Inappropriately low hepcidin levels are the primary cause of most iron overload disorders. Existing treatments, such as phlebotomy, iron chelation, and peptide-based hepcidin agonists, are constrained by toxicity, poor tolerability, and lack of oral bioavailability. To discover small-molecule hepcidin mimetics capable of restoring physiological control of iron export through the endogenous hepcidin-FPN pathway, we performed a high-throughput screening of 26 843 compounds using doxycycline-inducible FPN-green fluorescent protein reporter cell lines. Three compounds, schisandrin A (SchA), SchB, and hycanthone recapitulated hepcidin activity by restoring cellular growth and ferritin levels in FPN-overexpressing cells. These compounds required canonical hepcidin-interacting residues on FPN, promoted lysosomal degradation, and competitively inhibited binding of biotinylated hepcidin to FPN. In hepatocyte-specific hepcidin knockout mice, oral administration of SchB reduced hepatic iron burden and decreased FPN abundance in the liver, spleen, and duodenum. Together, these findings identify SchB as a potent, orally bioavailable small-molecule hepcidin mimetic that attenuates iron overload in vivo, establishing proof of concept that pharmacologic activation of the hepcidin-FPN axis can be achieved with small molecules.

PMID 42466131
Read full article →
PubMedFrontiers in microbiology2026-07-17

Genome-wide investigation of outbreak-associated Vibrio cholerae in Gujarat, India identifies antimicrobial resistance genes, virulence determinants, and mobile genetic elements.

Bhure Minal M, Shukla Nitin N, Purohit Harshal H, Patel Nimesh N et al.

This study investigates the 2024 cholera outbreak in Gujarat, India, utilizing combined whole-genome analysis of clinical Vibrio cholerae isolates and wastewater surveillance. A total of, 69 V. cholerae isolates were recovered from affected patients, predominantly belonging to the O1 serogroup (51 isolates). Antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) of 34 isolates revealed complete resistance to ampicillin and partial resistance to cotrimoxazole, whereas all isolates were susceptible to doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and gentamicin. Whole-genome sequencing of 20 selected isolates revealed that the isolates belong to the seventh pandemic El Tor (7PET) lineage, sequence type ST69. Phylogenomic analyses using a multi-method approach, core genes, Composition Vector (CV) Tree, SNPs, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) showed tight clustering with limited diversity among the isolates. All isolates contained 13-15 antimicrobial resistance genes, with high consistency between genotype-phenotype for most antibiotics, although discordance was observed for ciprofloxacin, cotrimoxazole, and chloramphenicol. Sixteen genes were identified as virulence factors, and 11 isolates also had ctxA/ctxB. All isolates also had two to four integrative conjugative elements (ICEs) containing antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) and important Vibrio cholerae pathogenicity islands (VPI-1, VPI-2) and Vibrio cholerae seventh pandemic islands (VSP-1, VSP-2). The pangenome analysis highlights extensive genomic flexibility within species, likely driven by horizontal gene transfer and ecological adaptation; however, further outbreak-specific investigations are required to determine their direct role in current outbreak. The detection of ctxA-positive signals in wastewater, 20% (28/140) of the samples, suggests a possible surveillance signal during the outbreak. These results highlight the presence of antimicrobial-resistant 7PET O1 El Tor strains in Gujarat outbreaks and support continued genomic monitoring to guide focused public health interventions in endemic areas. Furthermore, this study also underscores the importance of wastewater surveillance for monitoring V. cholerae.

PMID 42466126
Read full article →

+9996 more articles available with a free account

Sign up free to view all articles →

Ask about doxycycline