abuse-deterrent extended release tablet technology

A structure dosage form approach for solubility and dissolution rate enhancement.

Zuo Xianghao X, Jain Uday U, Deng Feihuang F, Hui Ho-Wah HW et al.

Despite various attempts at solubility enhancement and advances in formulation technologies, improving the bioavailability of poorly water-soluble compounds remains a significant challenge. Melt extrusion deposition (MED®) 3D printing is an additive manufacturing technology developed specifically for pharmaceutical applications to produce dosage forms with complex internal and external geometrical structures. This technology provides novel solutions and unique opportunities for enhancing the bioavailability of poorly soluble compounds through structurally engineered tablets and supports the development of patient-centric medications tailored to meet diverse clinical needs. This study describes the use of MED® technology to formulate a poorly water-soluble model compound, enhance its solubility, and modulate its release profile to achieve immediate release (IR), extended release (ER), and extended-plus-delayed release (ER + DR). After the model compound was formulated as an amorphous solid dispersion (ASD), the solubility in distilled water increased to around 60 μg/mL, representing up to a 4-fold increase relative to its thermodynamic solubility (∼15 μg/mL). Utilizing the same ASD drug-core formulation, two distinct 3D-printed tablet structures were designed and fabricated: a mesh structure for an IR tablet and a multi-compartment structure with variable-thickness delayed-release layers for an ER + DR tablet. These designs enabled tailored release profiles for the poorly water-soluble model compound. This structure-driven approach via MED® 3D printing enables both solubility enhancement and precise release modulation for poorly water-soluble drugs, thereby providing a new pathway for the rational design and efficient development of tablet dosage forms.

Pushing Colloidal Limits: ∼200 nm InAs Colloidal Quantum Nanorods for Extended Shortwave Infrared Photodetection.

Kosolapova Kseniia K, Sheikh Tariq T, Mir Wasim J WJ, Bioud Youcef A YA et al.

InAs colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are promising for shortwave infrared (SWIR) optoelectronics, due to their size-tunable optical properties, compatibility with CMOS technology, and compliance with the RoHS directive. However, increasing CQD size to achieve extended SWIR (eSWIR) bandgaps and improving charge transport often compromises colloidal stability. Ultralong InAs colloidal quantum nanorods (CQNRs) were synthesized through chemical control using lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (LiN(Si(CH3)3)2), which promotes their elongation, enabling the synthesis of nanorods up to ∼200 nm in length. Transitioning from spherical QDs to nanorods allows size extension without inducing aggregation or precipitation. The resulting CQNRs exhibit excellent colloidal stability and absorption up to 2000 nm in the eSWIR region. Photodiodes fabricated from these CQNRs exhibit very low dark current (6 μA cm-2) and high external quantum efficiency (10.6%), attributed to enhanced percolation pathways with reduced hopping resistance, consistent with four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy and lateral transport measurements. Ultralong, colloidally stable InAs CQNRs combine extended eSWIR absorption with efficient charge transport, making them suitable for environmentally compliant large CQDs in next-generation high-performance eSWIR optoelectronic devices.

Development of anticirrhotic drugs from the perspective of the fatty acid metabolism-immune axis: Taking Fuzheng Huayu tablet as an example.

Nan Yue-Min YM

Potentially modifiable mediators of the association between child abuse and dementia.

Taylor Katherine K, Howe Laura D LD, Lacey Rebecca E RE, Anderson Emma E et al.

Literature investigating mediation of the association between child abuse and dementia has largely considered composite adverse childhood experience scores rather than individual adverse experiences, despite evidence that different experiences have different impacts on dementia risk. Additionally, prior studies consider mediators in isolation, despite known associations between mediators which may impact indirect pathways from child abuse to dementia. To investigate whether potentially modifiable health and lifestyle factors mediate the association between child abuse and dementia. We used data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing to investigate associations between child abuse and dementia (N:5,448). Indirect pathways through four mediator categories (education, health behaviours, mental health and cardiovascular health) were examined. We used regression modelling to estimate associations between child abuse, mediators and dementia, and causal mediation analysis using the g-formula to estimate the joint indirect effect through the mediators. Individuals who experienced child abuse had, on average, an 80% higher hazard of dementia, compared to those who did not (RTE HR:1.80, 95% CI:1.21-2.39). Mental health mediators showed strong associations with both child abuse and dementia. Evidence for other mediators was weaker. Education, health behaviours, mental health and cardiovascular health mediated approximately 18% of the association. Sensitivity analysis revealed that almost all this mediation occurred through mental health. Child abuse was associated with higher risk of dementia. Joint mediation analysis suggested that education, health behaviours, cardiovascular health, and mental health accounted for a relatively small proportion of the observed association, with most mediation occurring through mental health. Future research must focus on other potential pathways from child abuse to dementia, including biological and social mechanisms. On average, child abuse was associated with an 80% higher hazard of dementia.Modifiable health and lifestyle factors explained only 18% of the association.Mental health accounted for most of the observed mediation.