Impel Pharmaceuticals Inc · HTR1D · Small Molecule
dihydroergotamine mesylate is a small molecule developed by Impel Pharmaceuticals Inc. It is approved for therapeutic indications via inhaled or intranasal.
| Brand Names | INP104, I104, Trudhesa |
| Company | Impel Pharmaceuticals Inc |
| Drug Class | Small Molecule |
| Molecular Target | HTR1D |
| Route | Inhaled, Intranasal |
| Status | Approved |
dihydroergotamine mesylate acts on 1 molecular target:
| HTR1D | 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D (HTR1DA, HT1DA) |
dihydroergotamine mesylate is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.
| Therapeutic Area | Condition | Phase |
|---|---|---|
| Nervous system disorders | Migraine | ✓ Approved |
Anwar Imran I, Zafar Nadiah N, Mahmood Asif A, Zulcaif
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.15171/bi.30257.].
Surendra Shreya S, Sahu Shalini S, Raj Santhosh S, Daniel Nirmal N et al.
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare, slow-growing soft tissue sarcoma arising from dermal fibroblasts. Breast involvement is extremely rare, posing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. We retrospectively reviewed eight cases of breast DFSP managed at our center over a 10-year period. The cohort included seven females and one male with a median age of 39.1 years. Clinical presentations were diverse: one patient had multiple areolar nodules, five presented with breast lumps including three with recurrent lumps, which is an uncommon presentation for DFSP, one had an ulceroproliferative growth with bleeding, and one presented following excision of a recurrent lump elsewhere with histopathology showing positive margins. Histological diagnosis was confirmed via core biopsy or block review. Four patients had classic DFSP, while three had fibrosarcomatous transformation. All cases of DFSP showed CD34 positivity. Wide local excision was performed in seven patients, and one underwent mastectomy. Two patients received adjuvant radiotherapy. No recurrence was observed within six months. Breast DFSP is rare and requires histopathological confirmation. Core biopsy with appropriate histologic features and CD34 immunostaining aids in diagnosis. Wide local excision remains the primary treatment approach. Radiotherapy is recommended in cases with close or positive margins, recurrence, metastatic disease, or when surgery is not feasible. Targeted therapy with Imatinib Mesylate, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is reserved for unresectable or metastatic lesions, provided the COL1A1::PDGFB translocation involving chromosomes 17 and 22 [t (17; 22)] is confirmed. Long term stringent follow up is required as recurrence in breast has been noted 26 years following primary treatment in literature.
Haas Simon Cornelius SC, Hou Bingchen B, Peters Andreas Sebastian AS, Hatzl Johannes J et al.
Oxidative stress plays a central role in the development and progression of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA), as it severely impairs the function and survival of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). MitoQ (mitoquinone mesylate), a mitochondria-specific antioxidant, was shown to reverse age-related arterial stiffening and improve vascular endothelial function, among other things, by interacting with the NRF2 signalling pathway. The aim of this study was to compare how long-term treatment with low doses of MitoQ affects the NRF2 stress response in VSMCs, derived from different origins (AAA-SMC, healthy aortic SMC, and immortalized VSMC (iHAoSMC)). We found a significant reduction in NRF2 and KEAP1 levels in the aortic wall of patients with AAA, accompanied by increased 8-OHdG levels, indicating defects in the response to oxidative stress. In contrast, relative NRF2 expression in tissue extracts and VSMC-enriched areas was higher in patients with AAA than in healthy aortic tissue. In vitro, baseline NRF2 protein levels were significantly higher in AAA-SMC and in iHAoSMC than in VSMC from healthy aorta, whereas NRF2 activity did not differ between AAA-derived and healthy VSMC. AAA-derived SMC were found to be less vulnerable against toxic concentrations of MitoQ than healthy VSMC, and the cell viability was differentially affected by H2O2. Acute oxidative stress by H2O2 increased NRF2 activity in AAA-SMC and iHAoSMC, but not in healthy VSMC. Pre-treatment of the cells for 7 days with low-dose (10 nM) MitoQ resulted in significantly increased NRF2 activity in AAA-SMC and iHAoSMC, but not in healthy VSMC, which was accompanied by a significant reduction of ROS production, particularly in AAA-derived SMC. Our data demonstrate that prolonged treatment with low doses of MitoQ has a protective effect, particularly on VSMCs from AAA, without affecting healthy aortic VSMCs. Moreover, immortalized cells can be used as a model for investigating oxidative stress responses in AAA-SMC, even though they do not react in exactly the same way. Overall, our findings confirm the cytoprotective potential of MitoQ to limit oxidative stress, particularly in AAA-SMC that is clinically observed in the abdominal aneurysm wall.
Susmitha Aggarapu A, Rajitha Galla G, Eri Gireesh Kumar GK, Orupalli Kavya K et al.
Impurity profiling is a critical quality and safety requirement for structurally complex anticancer agents. This review critically analyses impurity-profiling literature (1997-2025) for three tinibs, imatinib mesylate (IMM), dasatinib (DST), and nilotinib, and three taxanes, paclitaxel (PTX), docetaxel (DTX), and cabazitaxel (CTX), encompassing 54 analytical studies. Across the compiled dataset, reversed-phase HPLC accounted for 63.6% of methods, UPLC/ ultra-high-performance LC (UHPLC) for 16.4%, LC-MS/High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS) for 9.1%, and GC-MS for 5.5%; high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC)-MS, headspace GC, and SFC appeared in isolated reports. HPLC/UPLC methods demonstrated LODs of 0.005-2 µg mL-1, whereas LC-MS/MS achieved LODs as low as 0.003-0.005 ng mL-1 for genotoxic impurities in tinibs. GC-based methods were especially valuable for volatile impurities and residual sulfonates, with detection in the low-ppb to sub-µg mL-1 range. Tinib impurity profiles are dominated by process-related, oxidative, nitrosamine, and genotoxic species, while taxane profiles are characterized by epimerization products, deacetylated derivatives, side-chain cleavage products, and precursor-related impurities. Regulatory implications under ICH Q3A(R2), Q3B(R2), M7(R2), S9, and Q3C are discussed, including dose-normalised threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) calculations. An impurity-type versus analytical-technique matrix is proposed to guide method selection. Critical analytical gaps are identified, and future directions encompassing green analytical chemistry (GAC), process analytical technology (PAT), and AI-assisted impurity prediction are outlined.
Jijin Robert K RK, Sreelekha Mariswamy K MK, Arsha N N, Babu Beneesh P BP
Herein, we report the azide-alkyne cycloaddition reactions of highly reactive propiolaldehyde without any metal catalyst, base, or any other additives. The propiolaldehyde, generated in situ from propargyl mesylate in DMSO, readily annulated onto organic azides in the absence of metal catalyst, affording 1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxaldehydes with excellent regioselectivity. Furthermore, these triazole aldehydes were engaged in a number of one-pot cascade reactions yielding heterobiaryls and heteroterphenyl hybrids. The synthetic utility of the methodology was demonstrated through the gram-scale synthesis of the antiepileptic drug Rufinamide.
Becktepe Jos Steffen JS, Baumann Alexander A, Brinker Dana-Kristin DK, Gless Carl Alexander CA et al.
This non-interventional pilot study enrolled 20 CD-patients. Pridinol mesylate was prescribed additionally to the standard botulinum toxin (BoNT)-treatment at the initial visit (V1). Follow-up visits were performed after 4 (V2) and after 12 weeks (V3). Motor and non-motor symptoms were assessed using the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS), the Dystonia Non-Motor Symptoms Questionnaire (DNMSQuest), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), and the EQ-5D-5L Quality of Life assessment. The TWSTRS part I motor score and BDI-II significantly improved from V1 to V3. The TWSTRS part III (pain) showed some effect between V1 and V2 and remained unchanged until V3. There was a significant negative correlation between the visual analog scale of the EQ-5D-5L and TWSTRS and a trend towards a positive correlation between TWSTRS part III and BDI-II. Our findings suggest, that pridinol mesylate has some additional clinical effect on motor symptoms and pain when added to BoNT-treatment.
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