Drug Database
IB

ibuprofen (Ibuprof von CT 2% / Ibuprof von CT / Ibupan)

✓ Approved

Adare Pharma Solutions · PTGS1 · Small Molecule

What is ibuprofen?

ibuprofen is a small molecule developed by Adare Pharma Solutions. It is approved for therapeutic indications via oral (po).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesIbuprof von CT 2%, Ibuprof von CT, Ibupan
CompanyAdare Pharma Solutions
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
Molecular TargetPTGS1, PTGS2
RouteOral (PO)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Adare Pharma Solutions

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

ibuprofen acts on 2 molecular targets:

PTGS1prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1 (COX3, PCOX1)
PTGS2prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (GRIPGHS, hCox-2)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

ibuprofen is developed for 2 unique indications across 2 therapeutic areas.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Gastrointestinal disordersAbdominal pain✓ Approved
Hepatobiliary disordersHepatitis✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedRevista espanola de medicina nuclear e imagen molecular2026-08-30

Duration of levothyroxine discontinuation and pre-radioiodine TSH levels in thyroid cancer.

Mintegui G G, Martínez Z Z, Basantes M M, Ferrando R R

Radioiodine treatment in differentiated thyroid carcinoma requires elevated TSH levels to optimize the uptake of [131I]NaI. Levothyroxine suspension is the usual strategy for inducing endogenous TSH elevation, although the optimal duration of this suspension remains controversial. To evaluate the effect of the duration of levothyroxine suspension on TSH levels achieved prior to radioiodine treatment. Retrospective cohort study that included 104 patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma treated at a reference university center. Patients were classified according to the time of discontinuation of levothyroxine prior to radioiodine treatment: three weeks (group A, n = 21) and four weeks (group B, n = 83). TSH levels between groups and their distribution by categories (<30, 30-49, 50-69, 70-99 y ≥100 mIU/L) were analyzed. The proportion of patients who reached the recommended TSH threshold (≥30 mIU/L) was also evaluated. The mean age (SD) was 46.7 (10.3) years and 87 patients were women. The mean TSH was 70.9 mIU/L (95% CI: 54.5-87.2) in group A and 88.7 mIU/L (95% CI: 84.8-92.6) in group B. The proportion of patients who achieved TSH ≥ 30 mIU/L was significantly higher in group B (100% vs 76.2%; p < 0.001). The distribution of TSH levels by category differed significantly between both groups (p < 0.001). On the other hand, the proportion of patients with TSH ≥ 100 mIU/L did not show significant differences (60.2% vs 47.6%; p = 0.42). In multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, and radioiodine dose, levothyroxine discontinuation time was not independently associated with the likelihood of TSH ≥ 100 mIU/L. Three weeks of levothyroxine suspension allowed TSH levels ≥30 mIU/L to be reached in most patients, although a proportion did not reach the recommended threshold. Four weeks were associated with adequate TSH elevation in all patients in this cohort. TSH monitoring during preparation could allow for more individualized strategies that optimize thyroid stimulation, minimizing unnecessary exposure to hypothyroidism.

PMID 42669345
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PubMedKidney medicine2026-08-30

NSAID-Induced Acute Interstitial Nephritis Concurrent With IgA Vasculitis: A Case-Based Systematic Review.

Caputo Carmela C, Sessa Concetto C, Serio Vittorio V, Baciga Federica F et al.

Overlap between acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) and glomerulonephritis is uncommon and diagnostically challenging. We present the first pediatric case of clinically diagnosed immunoglobulin A vasculitis nephritis (IgAV-N) concurrent with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced AIN. A 14-year-old boy was hospitalized for recurrent gastroenteritis, purpura, and arthralgia treated with ibuprofen. After 5 days, he developed stage 3 acute kidney injury, subnephrotic proteinuria, hypertension, and oligoanuria. Kidney biopsy showed mild to moderate interstitial inflammation with tubulitis; immunofluorescence was negative for glomerular IgA, with nonspecific tubular C3 staining. After NSAID discontinuation, 10 dialysis sessions, and corticosteroids, kidney function recovered completely within 3 months. To support the clinical lesson highlighted by our case, we conducted a systematic review of biopsy-confirmed AIN-glomerulonephritis overlap. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched for biopsy-confirmed AIN with concurrent glomerulonephritis. Clinical features, etiologies, treatments, and outcomes were extracted. Systematic review identified 8 studies (12 patients). Drug-related AIN predominated (9 of 12), followed by infection (2 of 12) and autoimmune disease (1 of 12). Nephrotic-range proteinuria was described in 6, hematuria in 8, and hypersensitivity findings in 7 of the 12 patients. Complete recovery occurred in 7 and partial recovery in 3 patients, and dialysis was required in 2 of the 12 patients. NSAID-induced AIN concurrent with IgA vasculitis nephritis should be suspected in atypical acute kidney injury.

PMID 42668581
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PubMedMarine life science & technology2026-08-30

Biological basis for the efficient synthesis of cell-cultured fish meat.

Zheng Hongwei H, Zhou Xuan X, Zhai Ruiyi R, Wei Yingxin Y et al.

Global marine fisheries face increasing pressures from overexploitation and environmental degradation, thereby necessitating sustainable alternatives to conventional seafood production. Cellular aquaculture emerges as a promising approach to separate fish protein supply from ecological constraints. This review aims to synthesize current knowledge on the efficient production of cell-cultured fish meat, consolidating fragmented advances across disciplines. This review systematically examines three core concepts: marine fish stem cell biology, serum-free production technologies, and sensory quality reconstruction. The key findings indicate that marine fish cells exhibit distinct evolutionary traits compared to mammalian cells, including unique telomerase-mediated immortalization potential and cold-tolerance mechanisms. Furthermore, recent breakthroughs in serum-free media using plant hydrolysates and recombinant proteins have substantially reduced costs, while edible microcarriers and suspension cultures provide viable pathways for scale-up. However, challenges remain in replicating the lipid profiles, specifically n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and the textural hierarchy of native fish fillets. This review concludes that future industrial success depends on the development of species-specific bioprocesses and strictly food-grade culture systems. This work provides a foundational framework for the transition of cultivated fish from laboratory prototypes to commercial production.

PMID 42668801
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PubMedAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2026-08-30

Space Jam-Ming: Generating Interstitial Space Using Fragmented Granular GelMA to Investigate Novel Paradigms of Cancer Metastasis.

Vahala Danielle D, Lee Zhuang Min ZM, Amos Sebastian E SE, Son Dong Woo DW et al.

The tumor microenvironment undergoes extensive remodeling during cancer progression, resulting in increased collagen, altered tissue mechanics, and the formation of collagen tracks that permit migration. However, how the extracellular matrix (ECM) regulates cellular plasticity remains less known. Cellular plasticity is essential for successful metastasis, as cells undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and adherent-to-suspension transition (AST). Studies have begun to use 3D photo-crosslinkable hydrogels, but, unlike in vivo ECM, hydrogel stiffness is inextricably linked to porosity. In this study, we propose a fragmented gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) scaffold that controls stiffness independently from porosity. When encapsulated as single cells, non-metastatic breast cancer cells do not exhibit growth restriction, whilst pre-engineered metastatic breast cancer cells show altered mechanosensitivity and enhanced migration (p < 0.05). We next study the role of AST in cellular migration and observe similar velocity to invasive metastatic cells. Interestingly, non-metastatic cells showed AST-dependent migration within interstitial spaces, which was enhanced in the stiff scaffold (p < 0.05). AST induction significantly increased Lamin A/C (associated with providing nuclear stability for circulating tumor cells) and reduced nuclear yes-associated protein (YAP) (necessary for cell detachment). Our data highlights the importance of incorporating micro-scale porosity and presents a promising platform for the study of cellular growth and migration.

PMID 42669624
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PubMedBioorganic & medicinal chemistry2026-08-30

Cancer cell membrane-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as a theranostic platform for magnetic hyperthermia and MR imaging.

Yuan Yuchen Y, Okada Satoshi S, Sumiyoshi Akira A, Miura Kazuki K et al.

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have emerged as promising theranostic agents owing to their magnetic hyperthermia efficiency and capability as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. However, achieving sufficient intracellular iron accumulation remains a critical challenge for effective therapy. In this study, we report the development of cancer cell membrane-coated SPIONs (CM-SPIONs) to enhance tumor targeting and intracellular delivery. The CM-SPIONs were prepared using a modified Bangham method in the presence of membranes derived from 4T1 triple-negative breast cancer cells. The resulting nanoparticles exhibited significantly enhanced cellular uptake, reaching an intracellular iron concentration of 6 μg [Fe]/106 cells after 24 h incubation, representing a fivefold increase compared to uncoated SPIONs. Fluorescence imaging revealed predominant localization within lysosomes in the perinuclear region, suggesting that the lysosomal compartment may contribute to the observed AMF-induced cytotoxicity. Upon exposure to an alternating magnetic field (AMF) for 45 min, the CM-SPIONs resulted in 78.6% inhibition of cell proliferation, which was markedly higher than uncoated SPIONs. Furthermore, incubation with CM-SPIONs (0.05 mg [Fe]/mL, 3 h) reduced the T2 relaxation time from 2.71 s in the untreated cell suspension to 0.48 s, demonstrating significant MRI contrast enhancement. These results indicate that the CM-SPIONs represent a promising platform integrating magnetic hyperthermia with MRI-based cancer theranostics.

PMID 42669251
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PubMedVeterinary and animal science2026-08-30

Potential of inclusion bodies for disease control in aquaculture and livestock.

López Daniela Valentina DV, Gallardo-Matus José J, Torrealba Débora D

Inclusion bodies are insoluble nanostructured recombinant proteins that have emerged as innovative biomaterials for disease control in animal production. This systematic literature review aimed to explore the use of inclusion bodies for disease control in aquaculture and livestock. We conducted a literature search in four databases: PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect and Scopus. Of the 3139 research articles retrieved, only 16 met our eligibility criteria: 6 for aquaculture, including studies in rainbow trout, senegalese sole, and zebrafish, and 10 for livestock, including studies in cattle, sheep, swine, and mouse models. The proteins produced in these studies were mainly host immune system proteins and pathogen antigenic proteins. The diseases or pathogens potentially controlled by inclusion bodies in aquaculture were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium marinum, Spring viremia of carp virus and Viral nervous necrosis virus. Conversely, the diseases or pathogens evaluated to be controlled by inclusion bodies in livestock were mastitis, Fasciola hepatica, Lawsonia intracellularis, and Vibrio sp. The administration strategies varied greatly, including intra-mammary gland infusion, nasal suspension, gastric injection, esophageal intubation, intramuscular injection, and oral administration. Regardless of administration route, these biomaterials consistently activated immune responses through two mechanisms: modulation of the host immune system via immunostimulatory proteins, and activation of adaptive immunity via antigenic proteins. Although promising, widespread adoption remains limited by technological challenges including purification standardization, batch variability, and lack of studies in commercially relevant species. These findings establish a robust evidence base to inform the development of IB-based interventions in animal health and guide future research directions.

PMID 42668734
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