ibuprofen (Ibuprof von CT 2% / Ibuprof von CT / Ibupan)

Controlled solvent removal dynamics during fabrication of microneedle patches for the sustained release of etonogestrel.

Chen Jonathan Yuxuan JY, Terry Richard N RN, Tang Jie J, Zheng Tao T et al.

Biodegradable polymer-based microneedle (MN) patches enable self-administered, long-acting drug delivery. Controlled drug release from MNs requires controlled material distribution and minimal porosity in the MNs. MN detachment in the skin requires MNs without film formation beyond the MN base. To achieve these goals, we studied solvent removal dynamics during MN patch fabrication by a solvent-casting method to better control distribution of polymer and drug in the MN patch mold. More specifically, we designed casting solvents to control (i) solvent evaporation rate, (ii) solvent absorption rate into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) molds, and (iii) solubility of biodegradable polymer (poly (lactic acid)) and drug (etonogestrel, for long-acting contraception) in the solvent. We found that polymer film formation was prevented by using solvents with minimal mold absorption and moderate evaporation rates. We further demonstrated that solvent-nonsolvent mixtures titrated to the solubility limit of the polymer and beyond the solubility limit of the drug (forming a suspension of fine precipitate) also produced MNs without films. This occurred even when using solvents that absorbed into the molds. To better achieve sustained drug release, we showed that centrifuge-based casting and heat annealing reduced surface and bulk MN porosity. The resulting MNs achieved efficient detachment in porcine skin and sustained release of etonogestrel for two months in-vitro. This study establishes a framework to control solvent removal dynamics during MN patch fabrication to optimize biodegradable polymer MNs for long-acting delivery of etonogestrel and other drugs.

Efficacy of Ibuprofen Versus Acetaminophen for Acute Fever Management in Febrile Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Marseglia Gian Luigi GL, Marchisio Paola Giovanna PG, Milani Gregorio Paolo GP, Miraglia Del Giudice Michele M et al.

Ibuprofen and acetaminophen are the most widely used antipyretic agents in pediatric practice. Despite their common use, comparative evidence on their relative efficacy in febrile children remains heterogeneous, and clinical recommendations vary across guidelines and countries. We aimed to evaluate the comparative antipyretic efficacy of ibuprofen versus acetaminophen in febrile children through a systematic review and meta-analysis restricted to randomized controlled trials. A systematic search was conducted in Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science using a predefined strategy combining terms for ibuprofen, paracetamol/acetaminophen, fever/febrile/pyrexia, and pediatric populations. The primary outcome was the proportion of children afebrile at 4 h. Continuous outcomes included temperature reduction at 4 h, time without fever during the first 4 h, and time-weighted summary temperature differences over 0-8 h. The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420261353471). A total of 479 records were identified; after duplicate removal and screening, seven studies were included in the quantitative synthesis. For the primary outcome of afebrile status at 4 h, the pooled risk ratio was 1.26 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.88-1.80; p = 0.106). Temperature reduction at 4 h was significantly greater with ibuprofen (mean difference 0.31 °C, p = 0.024). The time-weighted summary temperature outcome over 0-8 h numerically favored ibuprofen but did not reach statistical significance (mean difference - 3.52, 95% CI - 21.24 to 14.21; p = 0.240; I2 = 57.6%). An exploratory standardized mean difference analysis across heterogeneous continuous outcomes (seven comparisons) yielded a near-null pooled effect (Hedges' g - 0.08, 95% CI - 0.40 to 0.25; p = 0.645; I2 = 84.0%). The primary outcome-the proportion of children achieving afebrile status at 4 h-did not differ significantly between ibuprofen and acetaminophen (risk ratio 1.26, 95% CI 0.88-1.80; p = 0.106). Ibuprofen produced a statistically greater reduction in temperature at 4 h compared with acetaminophen (mean difference 0.31 °C), although this difference is unlikely to be clinically meaningful. These findings suggest a marginal quantitative advantage of ibuprofen to decrease body temperature, without a clinically significant difference between the two agents.

Early Frontalis Suspension with Autologous Fascia Lata for Congenital Blepharoptosis in Children: 23-Year Clinical Experience.

Sacasa Federico F, Herdocia Baus Gustavo G, Bentz Michael L ML, Noon John J et al.

"Tension Suspension" Remnant-Preserving ACL Reconstruction Promotes the Early Maturity of the Graft Ligament.

Liang Jiamin J, Huang Gengen G, Yang Wenhan W, Wei Junming J et al.

The clinical application of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) remnant preservation remains controversial, and conventional remnant-preserving techniques cannot fully maximize the biological potential of ACL remnants. To compare graft ligamentization, femoral tunnel enlargement, and clinical functional scores between "tension suspension" remnant-preserving anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and single-bundle anatomical ACLR. Forty-eight patients enrolled from December 2021 to June 2023 were divided into non-preserving remnant (NPR, n = 18) and preserving remnant (PR, n = 30) groups. At 3 and 6 months postoperatively, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the knee was performed to measure graft signal noise quotient (SNQ) of the region of interest (ROI) and femoral tunnel diameter changes. Lysholm, IKDC, and Tegner scores were assessed at 6 months. Demographic and preoperative data were analyzed; intergroup comparisons of graft SNQ, femoral tunnel diameter changes, and clinical scores were conducted. Spearman correlation analysis evaluated the relationship between graft SNQ and knee function scores. No intergroup differences were noted in age, sex, BMI, or graft diameter. At 3 months, significant differences were observed in graft SNQ (most prominent at the distal end) and femoral tunnel diameter changes (p < 0.05). At 6 months, no significant differences were found in SNQ (except near-significant proximal SNQ, p = 0.058) or femoral tunnel diameter changes; clinical scores showed no intergroup differences. Tegner scores were moderately to significantly positively correlated with 6-month SNQ (< 0.05). "Tension suspension" remnant-preserving ACLR has significant advantages in early graft ligamentization and inhibiting femoral tunnel enlargement. Subjective knee function may be related to graft signal intensity.