Drug Database
NA

naloxone HCl (REZENOPY)

✓ Approved

Scienture Inc. · OPRM1

What is naloxone HCl?

naloxone HCl is a therapeutic agent developed by Scienture Inc.. It is approved for therapeutic indications via inhaled.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesREZENOPY
CompanyScienture Inc.
Molecular TargetOPRM1
RouteInhaled
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Scienture Inc.

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

naloxone HCl acts on 1 molecular target:

OPRM1opioid receptor mu 1 (MOR1, LMOR)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

naloxone HCl is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Injury, poisoning and procedural complicationsToxicity to various agents✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedAnaesthesia and intensive care2026-10-15

Combined intrathecal and epidural morphine for major abdominal surgery: A two-centre feasibility randomised controlled trial.

Pirie Katrina P KP, Traer Emily A EA, Winter Noam B NB, Brown Wendy A WA et al.

Epidural analgesia using continuous local anaesthetic infusions has declined in popularity, while single-shot intrathecal hydrophilic opioids are increasingly utilised. However, intrathecal opioids have a finite duration of action, which may be insufficient to provide adequate analgesia following major open abdominal surgery. This two-centre randomised controlled trial aimed to determine the feasibility of a strategy combining a single preoperative intrathecal morphine (ITM) injection with postoperative epidural morphine boluses (intervention), compared to ITM alone (control), in terms of recruitment and protocol adherence. Feasibility criteria were met for both recruitment (68%) and protocol adherence (80%). However, the scalability of this study is limited by its resource requirements. Marginal mean pain scores at rest and with movement (dynamic) were similar between groups at all timepoints. Total opioid consumption was comparable between groups, except on postoperative day 1, when consumption was lower in the intervention group (20 mg (IQR 4-36; range 0-220)) compared with the control group (48 mg (IQR 6-94; range 0-212); P=0.04). The number of pruritus events was similar across groups (n = 46), although a greater proportion of patients in the epidural group required treatment with naloxone (14 vs. 5). One patient in the control group received naloxone for sedation; no patients required naloxone for respiratory depression. Further research is required to improve postoperative analgesia and enhance quality of recovery following major abdominal surgery.

PMID 42875999
Read full article →
PubMedJournal of chromatography. A2026-10-14

Neptunium and Plutonium uptake by LN-series resins in halide media.

Holiski Connor K CK, Kmak Kelly N KN, Despotopulos John D JD

Neptunium (Np) and plutonium (Pu) exhibit multiple oxidation states with substantially different coordination and extraction behavior that complicate their separation in acidic media. Extraction chromatography using acidic organophosphorus extractants offers an alternative to solvent extraction while reducing the need for bulk organic solvents, but the behavior of Np and Pu on the LN-series resins in hydrochloric acid (HCl) and hydrobromic acid (HBr) remains largely uncharacterized. Here, we investigate the uptake of Np in HBr and Pu in both HCl and HBr on commercial LN and LN2 resins. Batch weight distribution ratios, uptake kinetics, and column separations were evaluated as functions of acid type and concentration. Plutonium exhibited strong uptake from HCl over the investigated acidity range under redox-conditioning conditions intended to favor Pu(IV), whereas Np uptake measurements in HCl were not reproducible, potentially reflecting oxidation-state instability. In HBr, Np showed substantial retention on both resins, consistent with predominantly Np(IV) behavior, while Pu exhibited limited uptake consistent with bromide-mediated reduction to predominantly Pu(III). Plutonium uptake from HCl and Np uptake from HBr were rapid on both resins with initial uptake plateaus generally reached within ≈ 120 s under the investigated kinetic conditions. A mixed Np/Pu feed was separated using 0.5-mL LN resin columns. Alpha spectrometry showed no detectable Np in the Pu fraction or Pu in the Np fraction. Additional matched single-element column experiments involving uranium (U) and americium (Am) yielded ≈ 95 - 100% recoveries and supported conceptual U/Np/Am and U/Pu/Am schemes requiring future mixed-feed validation. Collectively, these results characterize Np uptake from HBr and Pu uptake from HCl and HBr on LN and LN2 resins and support high-recovery separations for analytical and small-scale radiochemical applications.

PMID 42874454
Read full article →
PubMedRSC advances2026-10-14

40 years later: completion of the structural characterization of the anxiolytic drug buspirone HCl and solid-form landscape expansion.

Botes Delbert S DS, Aleman Mikaela I MI, Anderson Alyssa M AM, Le Maguerès Pierre P et al.

Buspirone (Bus) is an anxiolytic drug and was commercialized forty years ago as an HCl salt. The HCl salt of Bus is also polymorphic, and here, using electron diffraction, we reveal the structure of Bus·HCl Form 2 for the first time. We also prepared the first multicomponent solids of Bus, and describe 15 solids, including cocrystals, an ionic cocrystal, and salts. Significant differences in the solid-state conformation of Bus are described, as well as impacts to the thermal properties upon incorporation into multicomponent solids. Bus, like many drug molecules, does not include a classic ionizable group, which could hamper solid-state development. Bus does include a piperazine ring, one of the five most frequently used nitrogen-based heterocycles in US FDA approved drugs, and is a key site for forming intermolecular hydrogen bonds in each solid. The strategies here could be applied to modify properties in other piperazine-containing drugs.

PMID 42872053
Read full article →
PubMedPsychopharmacology2026-10-14

Exploring the addictive potential of α-methylfentanyl and acetyl-α-methylfentanyl in animal models.

Xu Deli D, Shi Xuesong X, Li Kaixi K, Kuai Lixin L et al.

The abuse profiles of α-methylfentanyl and acetyl-α-methylfentanyl remain poorly characterized in preclinical models. This study systematically evaluated their addiction-related behaviours and underlying pharmacological features. Conditioned place preference (CPP) was tested in mice with gradient doses of fentanyl, α-methylfentanyl and acetyl-α-methylfentanyl. Intravenous self-administration, behavioural economic demand curves, cue- and drug-primed reinstatement, and drug discrimination assays were conducted in rats. ED₅₀ values were calculated and compared across compounds. All three compounds induced significant CPP, with acetyl-α-methylfentanyl showing ~ 30-fold lower potency. In self-administration, all compounds produced inverted U-shaped dose-response curves, with peak infusion rates at 0.5 µg/kg/infusion. Fentanyl exhibited the highest essential value (EV) in demand curve analysis, indicating stronger reinforcing efficacy. A single naloxone pretreatment significantly attenuated both cue- and drug-primed reinstatement. Drug discrimination ED₅₀ was 11.06, 12.65 and 128.3 µg/kg for fentanyl, α-methylfentanyl and acetyl-α-methylfentanyl, respectively. α-methyl substitution selectively reduces reinforcing efficacy without altering reward perception; acetylation attenuates both reward and discriminative stimulus effects while preserving reinforcing capacity. µ-Opioid receptor signalling mediates relapse-like behaviour, supporting long-acting antagonists as potential interventions.

PMID 42873221
Read full article →
PubMedCommunications chemistry2026-10-14

Corrosion inhibition driven by double-bridged-oxygen compact metaphosphate networks in KZnP3O9.

Xu Di D, Zheng Haibing H, Zhao Xiaomiao X, Qiao Danmu D et al.

Developing corrosion inhibitors with ultrahigh performance and elucidating the atomic-scale mechanisms underlying their corrosion resistance are critical to both engineering and scientific communities. Herein, we report KZnP3O9 crystal and glass corrosion inhibitors for the corrosion protection of carbon steel Q235 in HCl solution. The KZnP3O9 crystal demonstrates superior corrosion resistance over its glass counterpart, featured by a more compact protective corrosion product film with higher time dependence of impedance and lower areal and linear roughness. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations reveal that the metaphosphate ion has a higher adsorption energy on the Q235 substrate than orthophosphoric acid and pyrophosphoric acid, and the Fe ion is indirectly adsorbed through its interaction with the phosphate ion. Specifically, the KZnP3O9 crystal demonstrates the highest electrochemical impedance (525 Ω·cm2) and corrosion inhibition efficiency (95%) among all inorganic phosphate corrosion inhibitors. This can be attributed to the double-bridging oxygen of a single PO4 tetrahedron for the crystal, which forms an infinite P3O9 chain or ring with a higher adsorption energy, as opposed to the zero- or single-bridging oxygen of each PO4 tetrahedron for the glass, which has isolated PO4 or P2O7 structures with lower adsorption energy.

PMID 42869927
Read full article →
PubMedThe Annals of pharmacotherapy2026-10-14

Low-Dose Buprenorphine Initiation Strategies for Pain.

Jean Jeremiah J JJ, Smith Michael A MA

The purpose of this review is to describe the common benefits and pitfalls of various low-dose buprenorphine initiation strategies for patients experiencing long-term pain without opioid use disorder (OUD). A search of the primary literature was performed in PubMed using the following keywords: "Buprenorphine OR Buprenorphine-naloxone OR Belbuca OR Suboxone, Primary care OR Outpatient, Pain OR Pain management," from January 1980 to August 2, 2026. Case reports involving the use of sublingual/buccal buprenorphine in outpatients for pain without OUD were included. Three low-dose buprenorphine initiation methods were evaluated, titrating buprenorphine from once to thrice-daily up to a total of 7 days. Two studies abruptly discontinued full μ-agonists prior to initiating buprenorphine, whereas 1 study tapered full μ-agonists by 25% weekly after day 7. Tapering full-agonist opioids after attainment of target buprenorphine dosing was well tolerated and potentially unneeded after steady-state levels were achieved; bridging analgesia with sufficient pharmacokinetic overlap between buprenorphine and full μ-agonist opioids appears tantamount to mitigating withdrawal symptoms. The ideal buprenorphine initiation method considers desired duration, whether to perform cross-titration, product pharmacokinetics, patient-specific factors, and goals of care. No data exist to support one low-dose buprenorphine initiation method over another. All methods discussed were highly successful at rotating patients to buprenorphine, that is, with equivalent or improved pain control with minimal to no withdrawal symptoms and may be used to build a methodology for starting buprenorphine in outpatients with sub-optimal pain regimens.

PMID 42870445
Read full article →

+9996 more articles available with a free account

Sign up free to view all articles →

Ask about naloxone HCl