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MMR + varicella zoster vaccine (MMRV zoster vaccine)

✓ Approved

GSK · Vaccine · Vaccine

What is MMR + varicella zoster vaccine?

MMR + varicella zoster vaccine is a vaccine developed by GSK. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or intramuscular (im) injection or subcutaneous injection.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesMMRV zoster vaccine
CompanyGSK
Drug ClassVaccine, Large Molecules
RouteInjectable (Others), Intramuscular (IM) Injection, Subcutaneous Injection
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, GSK

Therapeutic Indications

MMR + varicella zoster vaccine is developed for 3 unique indications across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Infections and infestationsSalmonellosis✓ Approved
Infections and infestationsMeasles✓ Approved
Infections and infestationsVaricella zoster virus infection✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedJournal of endodontics2026-07-17

Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus Following Endodontic Treatment: A Case Report.

Altundaşar Emre E, Derinler Nevran N, Pierovi Nilsu N

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus, resulting from varicella-zoster virus reactivation along the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve, is a rare but potentially sight-threatening condition that warrants awareness in clinical dental practice. A 36-year-old male presented three days after nonsurgical root canal treatment of the right maxillary first molar with severe migraine-like neuropathic pain, unilateral vesiculobullous eruptions along the V1 dermatome, periorbital edema, and conjunctival hyperemia. The treated tooth exhibited no remarkable clinical or radiographic findings. Dermatological evaluation confirmed herpes zoster ophthalmicus, and systemic antiviral therapy resulted in complete resolution by the six-month follow-up. This case underscores the need to broaden the differential diagnosis when post-endodontic symptoms are disproportionate to or inconsistent with clinical findings. Early recognition and prompt referral are critical in preventing vision-threatening complications.

PMID 42462810
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PubMedCureus2026-07-17

Incidence and Clinical Characteristics of Herpes Zoster in Patients With Spondyloarthritis Receiving Biologic Therapy: A 36-Month Multicenter Registry-Based Study.

Ben Marzouk Ilham I, Rostom Samira S, El Binoune Imane I, Ghoullam Ghizlane G et al.

Herpes zoster, caused by the reactivation of varicella-zoster virus, has been reported in patients with autoimmune inflammatory diseases receiving biologic therapies. However, data regarding its occurrence in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA) remain limited. This study aimed to determine the incidence of herpes zoster and describe the clinical characteristics of affected patients with SpA receiving biologic therapy. A multicenter retrospective registry-based study was conducted over a 36-month period, including patients with SpA receiving biologic therapy and registered in the Moroccan Society of Rheumatology Biotherapy Registry (BRMSR). Clinical, laboratory data, including erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein, and therapeutic data were collected at baseline, at 36 months, and at the time of herpes zoster infection. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed. A total of 194 patients with SpA were included, with a mean age of 40.23 ± 13.68 years. The cohort included 123 males (63.4%) and 71 females (36.6%), with a mean disease duration of 11 ± 7 years. Most patients (98.5%) were treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor agents, with etanercept being the most commonly prescribed biologic therapy. The incidence of herpes zoster was 6.87 cases per 1,000 person-years (95% CI: 2.018-16.85). Four cases of herpes zoster were identified. These patients were all older than 55 years, had associated comorbidities, and had prolonged exposure to biologic therapy. The incidence of herpes zoster in patients with SpA receiving biologic therapy was low. The four reported cases shared common clinical characteristics, including older age, the presence of comorbidities, and prolonged exposure to biologic therapy. Further studies with larger populations and longer follow-up are needed to better characterize herpes zoster occurrence in this population.

PMID 42465193
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PubMedExpert opinion on therapeutic targets2026-07-17

5-FU in combination with PARP inhibitor ABT-888 deregulates MGMT-dependent mismatch repair (MMR) pathway in MMR-proficient colorectal cancer stem cells by modulating MGMT/PARP1/MSH6 complex.

Paul Subarno S, Das Chinmay C, Bhal Subhasmita S, Sinha Saptarshi S et al.

Previous study showed the PARP inhibitor ABT-888 potentiates the cytotoxicity of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) by inhibiting PARP1-mediated mismatch repair (MMR) pathway via MSH6 deregulation in MMR-proficient colorectal cancer stem cells (CRC-CSCs). Emerging evidence indicates 5-FU regulates O6 -methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) activity, but the mechanistic basis of MGMT involvement in PARP1-mediated MMR pathway following 5-FU treatment remains complex and poorly defined. This study delineates the role of MGMT in 5-FU-induced MMR pathway activation and evaluates 5-FU+ABT-888 combination effects on MGMT modulation in CRC-CSCs. The molecular mechanism has been studied by using colocalization, western blot, co-immunoprecipitation, MGMT gene-knockdown, and molecular docking in in vitro, in silico, and ex vivo preclinical models. 5-FU treatment induced PARylated-PARP1 in CRC-CSCs, promoting PARP1-MGMT-MSH6 interactions that activated MMR. ABT-888 inhibited PARylation in 5-FU-pre-exposed CSCs. Therefore, PARP1 could not physically interact with both MGMT and MSH6, and complete abolishment of MGMT and MSH6, and MMR protein downregulation were observed in combination treatment. MGMT silencing confirmed its critical role in PARP1-mediated MMR activation. Similar findings were obtained in in silico and ex vivo models. 5-FU+ABT-888 enhanced CRC-CSCs death by inhibiting the PARP1-MGMT-MSH6 interaction and simultaneously inhibiting the MGMT-dependent PARP1-mediated MMR pathway in MMR-proficient CRC-CSCs.Schematic model illustrating 5-FU and ABT-888 combination treatment induces apoptosis by inhibiting the MGMT-dependent MMR pathway in CRC-CSCs. The diagram proposes a mechanistic link between PARP1, MGMT, and MMR signaling in regulating 5-FU response and PARP-inhibitor-mediated cytotoxicity in MMR-proficient CRC-CSCs. Left panel (Cancer survival): (1) 5-FU is incorporated into DNA, generating 5-FU-induced DNA adducts in MMR-proficient CRC-CSCs. (2) PARP1 is recruited to damaged DNA and (3) becomes activated, leading to PARylation. (4) MGMT acts as a PAR acceptor and binds activated PARP1 at sites of damage. (5) MSH6, together with MSH2 (MutSα), serves as an additional PAR acceptor and associates with PARylated PARP1 and MGMT, promoting recruitment of downstream MMR heterodimers. (6) The MutL complex (MLH1-PMS2) is subsequently recruited to the mismatch site, forming a multi-protein repair complex with PARP1, MGMT, MSH2, and MSH6. (7) This cascade enables efficient MMR processing and pathway activation, thereby sustaining survival of MMR-proficient CRC-CSCs. Right panel (Cancer reduction): (8) Upon treatment with the PARP inhibitor ABT-888, PARP1-PARylation is blocked. (9) Consequently, MGMT and MSH6 fail to interact with PARP1, preventing further recruitment of MMR components and leading to defective MGMT-dependent MMR signaling in 5-FU pre-exposed CRC-CSCs, ultimately triggering apoptosis and reducing the cancer stem cell population. Created in BioRender (https://biorender.com/i29644a).

PMID 42466612
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PubMedbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026-07-17

Exposure to P. falciparum and common cold viruses shape vaccine responses in early life.

Bach Florian F, Sigal George G, Wohlstadter Jacob J, Brown Rayven R et al.

Vaccine immunogenicity is consistently lower in low-income countries than in high-income settings, yet the factors driving this disparity remain incompletely understood. Using multiplexed electrochemiluminescence serology, we measured IgG and IgA responses to Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) vaccines and common childhood viral infections in 89 Ugandan infants. We integrated detailed parasitological surveillance and maternal clinical data to examine how P. falciparum infection history, concurrent parasitemia, maternal gravidity, and early-life viral exposures shaped serological profiles. We found that infants mounted robust responses to most EPI vaccines, but critical gaps in protection persisted for diphtheria, measles and rubella. Children born to primigravid mothers had lower antibody levels at 8 weeks of age, independent of placental malaria and only partially explained by maternal age. Contrary to expectation, cumulative P. falciparum exposure was positively associated with antibody concentrations to diphtheria and varicella, and concurrent parasitemia was positively correlated with responses to multiple antigens. Seroconversion to rhinovirus C was associated with higher IgG and IgA levels to several vaccines. Together, these findings suggest that common microbial exposures during infancy, including respiratory viruses and P. falciparum may positively modulate vaccine responsiveness.

PMID 42465441
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PubMedThe Journal of general virology2026-07-17

Human pegivirus, Toscana virus and herpesviruses identified in cerebrospinal fluid from adults with unexplained neurologic disease, Spain, 2022-2023.

Donoso Ana A, Pérez Ana Belén AB, Lopez-Dosil Marcos M, Vázquez Ana A et al.

Viral central nervous system (CNS) infections in adults frequently remain unresolved after routine diagnostic testing. We applied probe-based viral metagenomic next-generation sequencing (vmNGS) to cerebrospinal fluid samples from adults with suspected CNS infection and negative conventional diagnostics in a retrospective multicentre study conducted in Spain between 2022 and 2023. Among 40 idiopathic cases, vmNGS detected viral sequences in 6 patients without evidence of coinfection: human pegivirus (HPgV, n=3), Toscana virus (TOSV, n=1), herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1, n=1) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV, n=1). Two HPgV-positive patients were transplant recipients, with neurological disease occurring more than 2 years after transplantation, compatible with possible long-term viral persistence in immunocompromised hosts. TOSV genotype B was identified in a patient residing in central Spain, supporting consideration of TOSV in selected cases of unexplained aseptic meningitis during the vector season, including outside traditionally recognized Mediterranean coastal regions. Furthermore, the failure of syndromic panel testing to detect HSV-1 and VZV highlights the need for complementary diagnostic strategies when clinical suspicion remains high. Overall, the detection of unexpected viral sequences, together with missed clinically actionable infections, supports the use of complementary molecular testing in selected cases of unexplained CNS syndromes when routine diagnostics are negative. These findings highlight the added diagnostic value of vmNGS and provide sequence-level data for future studies of viral diversity and molecular epidemiology in neurological disease.

PMID 42467473
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PubMedInternational journal of clinical and experimental pathology2026-07-17

Pathological features and prognosis based on microsatellite stability status in colorectal cancer patients: a retrospective analysis.

Liu Xinxin X, Yang Yuming Y, Zheng Honggang H, Zhang Yanping Y

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common and life-threatening intestinal tumors throughout the world. Its incidence and mortality have been going up in recent decades, and more accurate and personalized treatment for CRC are also being developed continuously. Early screening, molecular typing, and risk grouping have become critical for improving patient survival by using sensitive and special biological markers. We analyzed the expression of four mismatch repair (MMR) genes, namely MutL homolog 1 (MLH1), MutS homolog 2 (MSH2), MutS homolog 6 (MSH6), and PMS1 homolog 2 (PMS2), in CRC and normal tissues using the Tumor, Normal and Metastatic (TNM plot) database. We used the Kaplan-Meier analysis for prognosis, and related pathways were annotated by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. We conducted a retrospective study with 115 CRC patients, who were divided into microsatellite stable (MSS) and microsatellite instability (MSI) groups by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The diagnostic value of MMR markers was assessed through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Online data showed that MMR genes were more highly expressed in CRC than in the normal group (P<0.05). Low expression of these genes was linked to shorter recurrence free survival (RFS, P<0.05), and the related signaling pathways also exert an impact on cell cycle regulation. In clinical samples, loss of MLH1 expression was found in female patients, those aged ≥60 years and lymph node-negative cases (P<0.05). MSI-positive tumors were mostly located in the right-sided colon (P<0.05). The combined model of MSH6 and PMS2 had the highest area under the curve (AUC) of 0.981 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.936-0.997, P<0.001). Combined detection of MSH6 and PMS2 serves as a reliable biomarker for determining the microsatellite status in CRC. This study provides a basis for the precise diagnosis and targeted therapy of CRC.

PMID 42466211
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