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snake venom antibody-2 (ViperaTAb)

✓ Approved

MicroPharm · Polyclonal Antibodies · Polyclonal Antibodies

What is snake venom antibody-2?

snake venom antibody-2 is a polyclonal antibodies developed by MicroPharm. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or intravenous (iv).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesViperaTAb
CompanyMicroPharm
Drug ClassPolyclonal Antibodies, Antibody
RouteInjectable (Others), Intravenous (IV)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, MicroPharm

Therapeutic Indications

snake venom antibody-2 is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Injury, poisoning and procedural complicationsVenom poisoning✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedAnalytical biochemistry2026-08-30

Validation of SARS-CoV-2 neutralization assay using VSV-based pseudovirus system.

Artarini Anita A, Tan Marselina Irasonia MI, Giri-Rachman Ernawati Arifin EA, Natalia Dessy D et al.

The gold standard for SARS-CoV-2 neutralization assays involves wild-type virus, which requires Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3) containment. To improve safety and accessibility, pseudovirus-based neutralization assays utilizing non-replicating particles like Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV) expressing the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein can be conducted under BSL-2 conditions. This study aimed to perform the analytical validation of a VSV-based pseudovirus system for SARS-CoV-2 using recombinant monoclonal antibody. Pseudo-VSV carrying SARS-CoV-2 Spike proteins were produced using LentiX-293T cells. The assay system was optimized for Multiplicity of Infection (MOI) and assessed for specificity, limit of quantification (LOQ), linearity, accuracy, and precision using the neutralizing mAb BD-604. The system was optimized at an MOI of 0.25. The assay proved highly specific, as mAb BD-604 showed clear neutralizing activity while mAb 1A9 did not. The limit of quantification (LOQ) was determined to be 125 ng of mAb BD-604, with a linear range of 125 - 1000 ng. The relative accuracy remained within the 80-120% range, and the precision (%CV) ranged from 1.92% to 13.57%. Additionally, the system successfully characterized variant-specific neutralization, revealing that BD-604 was effective against the Wuhan, Delta, and Omicron BA.1/BA.2 strains but lacked activity against the Omicron XBB.1.5 variant. This validated pseudo-VSV based SARS-CoV-2 neutralization assay is a valuable bioassay for evaluating neutralizing antibody potency against various SARS-CoV-2 strains in a BSL-2 environment, thus making it useful for vaccine and therapeutic development.

PMID 42669355
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PubMedAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2026-08-30

Hyper-Intense Tumor Peripheral Accumulation of Antibody-Conjugated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles can Enable Breast Cancer Detection by Magnetic Particle Imaging.

Korangath Preethi P, Carlton Hayden H, Wong Theresa T, Healy Sean S et al.

Targeting nanoparticles to cancer cells in vivo remains a challenge for cancer imaging. We assessed nanoparticle distribution after injecting iron oxide nanoparticles conjugated with either a monoclonal anti-HER2 (human epidermal growth factor 2), or a non-specific IgG antibody into a human HER2 overexpressing murine breast cancer model. We used Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) and histopathology to assess particle localization at 72 h after injection. MPI detects magnetic moments produced by magnetic particles, and histology enables spatial quantification of nanoparticles. Intratumor iron content measured by MPI correlated with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ρ = 0.868, p < 0.0001). We detected nanoparticle accumulation in tumors, and organs and tissues associated with inflammation. MPI showed higher uptake of nanoparticles in tumors, regardless of their performance in vitro. Spatial analysis showed that 43 ± 7% of nanoparticles that reached the tumor accumulated in the peripheral quartile of the tumor, with decreasing amounts toward the center. Immunohistochemical analysis showed the nanoparticles were strongly associated with inflammatory immune and stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment. This hyperintense peripheral accumulation, or ring pattern, observed with MPI enabled us to distinguish tumors from general inflammation. Iron oxide nanoparticle-mediated MPI has the potential to detect tumors, providing another powerful diagnostic tool.

PMID 42669153
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PubMedJournal of molecular histology2026-08-30

Anti-LCN2 antibody treatment is associated with attenuated hearing loss and blood-labyrinth barrier disruption in a mouse model of chronic kidney disease.

Ding Ye Y, Jiang Xin X, Ye Xiangming X

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with sensorineural hearing loss, but the mechanisms linking renal injury to cochlear dysfunction remain incompletely defined. Because lipocalin-2 (LCN2/NGAL) is markedly increased in CKD and has been implicated in endothelial dysfunction and barrier injury, we investigated whether LCN2 contributes to cochlear damage in a mouse model of CKD. Male C57BL/6J mice underwent 5/6 nephrectomy, and CKD mice received either an anti-LCN2 monoclonal antibody or an isotype control three times weekly for seven weeks beginning one week after completion of surgery. Auditory function, cochlear morphology, blood-labyrinth barrier integrity, cochlear perfusion, and LCN2-associated signaling were assessed using auditory brainstem responses, distortion product otoacoustic emissions, whole-mount immunofluorescence, FITC-dextran extravasation, Western blotting, quantitative PCR, and laser Doppler flowmetry. CKD mice developed elevated auditory brainstem response thresholds, reduced distortion product otoacoustic emission amplitude at a single primary tone pair with f2 = 8.0 kHz, outer hair cell loss, and a reduction in the number of CtBP2-positive presynaptic ribbon puncta per inner hair cell. These changes were accompanied by increased serum and cochlear LCN2, upregulation of 24p3R/SLC22A17 and NLRP3, increased blood-labyrinth barrier permeability, reduced claudin-5 and ZO-1 expression, impaired cochlear blood flow, stria vascularis atrophy, and decreased expression of strial ion-transport genes. Anti-LCN2 antibody treatment improved auditory thresholds and otoacoustic emission responses, attenuated outer hair cell and synaptic injury, reduced vascular leakage, partially restored tight junction and ion-transport gene expression, and improved cochlear perfusion, without measurably lowering serum blood urea nitrogen or creatinine. These findings support a possible contribution of LCN2 to CKD-associated cochlear vascular dysfunction and hearing loss. Targeting LCN2 may represent a therapeutic strategy for preserving hearing in CKD, although validation in additional CKD models, both sexes, and human tissues is required.

PMID 42669095
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PubMedmAbs2026-08-30

Quantifying molecular specificity in excipient-driven antibody solubilization.

Han Zexiang Z, Erkamp Nadia A NA, Scrutton Rob R, Licari Giuseppe G et al.

Excipients are widely used to suppress the self-association of therapeutic proteins, yet their mechanisms of action are not well understood and often assumed to be nonspecific. Here we show that excipient-mediated solubilization of therapeutic antibodies is markedly molecularly specific. Using a high-throughput combinatorial droplet microfluidic platform, we systematically quantify the effects of common pharmaceutical excipients across a diverse panel of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Although all studied excipients enhance solubility, their effects can vary significantly between antibodies, spanning dynamic ranges from approximately 7-fold to over 200-fold. Integrating experimental solubilization measurements with sequence- and structure-derived molecular descriptors, we identify interpretable physicochemical determinants underlying excipient responses; for example, the histidine effect is strongly dependent on mAb dipole moment. Our findings reveal trends that highlight the molecular specificity and complexity of antibody-excipient interactions, as well as the limitations of purely generic formulation rules. Overall, this study provides a quantitative framework for analyzing excipient effects across diverse antibodies and supports the development of predictive approaches for rational formulation design. The integration of high-throughput experimentation with molecular feature analysis offers a foundation for improving our understanding and prediction of antibody-specific formulation behavior.

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PubMedJapanese journal of infectious diseases2026-08-30

Immunogenicity and Safety of the 9-valent Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine Administered as 2-Dose or 3-Dose Regimens in Japanese Boys and Girls Aged 9-15 Years.

Takeuchi Yuzuru Y, Yonekawa Motoharu M, Murata Shinya S, Nakagomi Mariko M et al.

A phase III open-label study evaluated the immunogenicity and safety of the 9-valent human papillomavirus (9vHPV) vaccine in Japanese boys and girls. Japanese boys aged 9-15 years (n = 105) received a 3-dose (Day 1, Month 2, and Month 6) regimen; Japanese boys (n = 104) and girls aged 9-14 years (n = 105) received a 2-dose (Day 1 and Month 6) regimen. Antibody responses to HPV6/11/16/18/31/33/45/52/58 were assessed at Month 7, 18, and 30 using a competitive Luminex immunoassay. Injection-site adverse events (AEs; Days 1 to 5 post-dose), systemic AEs (Days 1 to 15 post-dose), and serious AEs (duration of study) were assessed. At Month 7, for HPV types targeted by the 9vHPV vaccine, seroconversion rates were 100% in all three arms, and in cross-study comparisons with efficacy studies, anti-HPV geometric mean titers in boys were noninferior to those in Japanese men aged 16-26 years, and in girls were noninferior to those in Japanese women aged 16-26 years. Most injection-site AEs were mild to moderate in intensity. No deaths or vaccine-related serious AEs were observed. These results support immunobridging of efficacy findings in Japanese men and women to Japanese boys and girls. The 9vHPV vaccine was generally well tolerated.

PMID 42669546
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PubMedFood & function2026-08-30

Abelmoschus manihot (L.) leaf flavonoids (AMLF) restore cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice via gut microbiota and serum metabolomics modulation.

Yang Shengnan S, Jin Jiahui J, Zhao Dou D, Cai Mengquan M et al.

Immune homeostasis serves as the foundation for disease prevention and the cornerstone for ensuring human health. The effects of Abelmoschus manihot (L.) leaf flavonoids (AMLF) on restoring immune function were investigated in a cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppressed mouse model. The underlying repair mechanisms were explored by an integrative analysis of intestinal microbiomics and serum metabolomics. The results demonstrated that AMLF markedly elevated the spleen and thymus indices, promoted the proliferation of splenic lymphocytes in the presence of concanavalin A (ConA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte subsets, and concomitantly enhanced the serum levels of key immunomodulatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and the antibody immunoglobulin G (IgG). In addition, AMLF treatment effectively mitigated CTX-induced histopathological injuries to immune organs and the colon. AMLF were also found to protect the liver by regulating antioxidant enzyme activities. Furthermore, AMLF markedly improved the intestinal microbial community structure, promoted the enrichment of beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillaceae and Prevotellaceae), inhibited pathogenic bacteria (Muribaculaceae and Desulfovibrionaceae), and increased the content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Serum metabolomic analysis showed that AMLF upregulated the levels of leukotrienes, S-(PGA1)-glutathione and prostaglandin E2. Correlation analysis identified g_Alistipes, g_norank_f_Muribaculaceae, and g_Kurthia as potential microbiota strongly associated with the restoration of immune and metabolic homeostasis after AMLF treatment. These findings support the dual potential of AMLF in functional foods and as immunomodulatory adjuvants.

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