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Purethal Mites (Purethal Mites)

✓ Approved

HAL Allergy Group · therapeutic agent

What is Purethal Mites?

Purethal Mites is a therapeutic agent developed by HAL Allergy Group. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or subcutaneous injection.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesPurethal Mites
CompanyHAL Allergy Group
RouteInjectable (Others), Subcutaneous Injection
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, HAL Allergy Group

Therapeutic Indications

Purethal Mites is developed for 3 unique indications across 3 therapeutic areas.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disordersRhinitis allergic✓ Approved
Immune system disordersAllergy to animal✓ Approved
Eye disordersConjunctivitis allergic✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedPlant science : an international journal of experimental plant biology2026-10-14

Phenylalanine-driven metabolic induced resistance activates phenylpropanoid defenses in tomato against Tetranychus urticae.

Boddupally Dayakar D, Ovadia Rinat R, Davidovich-Rikanati Rachel R, Nadarajan Stalin S et al.

Tetranychus urticae (Koch), the two-spotted spider mite (TSSM), is a highly polyphagous agricultural pest, infesting more than 1,100 plant species. Chemical control of TSSM is limited by the rapid development of resistant mite populations. Previous studies have shown that exogenous application of phenylalanine to plants is efficiently absorbed and metabolized into phenylpropanoids, thereby enhancing plant resistance to fungal and insect pests. Here, we demonstrate that phenylalanine treatment also increases plant resistance to TSSM. In choice assays, mites preferentially colonized non-treated plants over treated plants. In no-choice experiments, phenylalanine-treated plants constituted a hostile environment for TSSM: mites attempted to leave treated leaflets, exhibited increased oviposition, and showed a reduced rate of development from nymphs to mature adults. Three mechanisms underlying phenylalanine-induced resistance have previously been identified, including the accumulation of metabolites toxic to pathogens, the induction of a priming effect that enables rapid and targeted activation of plant defense genes following infection, and enhanced immunity in neighboring untreated plants. Here we present an additional mechanism involving metabolomic induced resistance, in which phenylalanine treatment triggers an early and enhanced accumulation of phenylpropanoids associated with plant immunity. These metabolites accumulate gradually in non-treated plants following TSSM infestation, ultimately reaching levels comparable to those observed in phenylalanine-treated plants. These findings demonstrate that phenylalanine accelerates the deployment of defense-associated metabolites and enhances resistance to arthropod pests.

PMID 42874803
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PubMedZhonghua wei zhong bing ji jiu yi xue2026-10-14

[Tsutsugamushi disease with left heart failure as the main manifestation complicated by multiple organ dysfunction: a case report and literature review].

Zhang Xia X, Yang Junjie J, Yang Ming M, Long Kejiao K et al.

Tsutsugamushi disease (TD) is a zoonotic and naturally focal infectious disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi (Ot), transmitted between humans and rodents through the bite of chigger mites. On August 17, 2025, a patient with TD complicated by acute left sided heart failure and multiple organ dysfunction was admitted to Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital. The patient presented to the emergency department with a 10 day history of fever, palpitations, dyspnea, and cough, and had a history of outdoor exposure. Physical examination revealed a temperature of 39.2 centigrade, a heart rate of 79 beats/min (showing relative bradycardia), an eschar of 0.5 cm×0.6 cm at the intersection of the right mid axillary line and the umbilical horizontal line, and a truncal rash. Laboratory findings showed an eosinophil count of 0, troponin T 1.31 μg/L, N terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide 2 912.60 ng/L, and elevated procalcitonin. Electrocardiography revealed prolonged Q T and Q Tc intervals, and chest CT demonstrated bilateral interstitial pulmonary edema and bilateral pleural effusion. Next generation sequencing of blood detected Ot nucleic acid fragments, and serum Ot immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody was positive, confirming the diagnosis of TD complicated by myocarditis, acute left sided heart failure, and multiple organ dysfunction. The patient was treated with doxycycline combined with rifampicin for anti infection, along with symptomatic and supportive care, as well as local interventions including thoracentesis drainage and bronchoalveolar lavage. Subsequently, the patient's body temperature normalized, cardiac function improved, pulmonary edema and pleural effusion resolved, and myocardial enzymes returned to normal levels; the patient was discharged with clinical cure. This case indicates that TD can affect the cardiovascular system, presenting as acute left sided heart failure and myocarditis. For patients with fever, relative bradycardia, and multiple organ dysfunction, TD should be considered in the differential diagnosis, and early recognition of the eschar together with prompt initiation of etiological therapy are crucial for improving prognosis.

PMID 42875247
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PubMedISME communications2026-10-13

Genomic stability and differential expression of type V cif genes in Wolbachia with variable cytoplasmic incompatibility phenotypes in spider mites.

Bing Xiao-Li XL, Gao Shuo S, Li Jia-Mei JM, Chen Lei L et al.

The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, is a globally significant agricultural pest frequently infected by the endosymbiont Wolbachia. Wolbachia induces cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) with varying intensity across geographic populations. Despite the importance of CI, its molecular mechanisms in T. urticae remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that CI differences are driven by both Wolbachia (wTurt) strain variations and host nuclear background. The wTurt genome harbors two pairs of cif genes (cifA1-B1 and cifA2-B2), both phylogenetically classified as Type V. Genomic analysis revealed no SNP differences in either pair of cif genes in wTurt infecting different geographic populations of spider mites. While cifA1-B1 is barely expressed, cifA2-B2 exhibits high expression levels that vary significantly across multiple T. urticae populations, with expression levels positively correlated with wTurt density. Yeast two-hybrid experiments revealed physical interactions between CifA2 and the PD-(D/E)XK nuclease domain of CifB2, suggesting that this pair may contribute to CI modulation. Codon optimization revealed that the CifB2 nuclease domain is toxic in yeast, but this toxicity was not rescued by CifA2. Transgenic Drosophila assays likewise failed to reproduce CI-related phenotypes. Altogether, our findings advance the understanding of Wolbachia-host reproductive manipulation and provide insights for symbiont-based biocontrol strategies for agricultural mite pests.

PMID 42866587
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PubMedFrontiers in immunology2026-10-13

Notoginsenoside R1 modulates the ATF4-CHOP-Bcl2 signaling pathway to alleviate mitochondrial stress damage and apoptosis in asthmatic airway epithelial cells.

Ling Yaozheng Y, Guan Ling L, Zhao Yu Y, Fu Zhou Z et al.

To investigate whether Notoginsenoside R1 (NG-R1) improves mitochondrial homeostasis by targeting the integrin signaling response (ISR) core transcription factor ATF4, thereby alleviating damage and apoptosis in asthma airway epithelial cells. House dust mites (HDM) were used to establish an in vivo asthma mouse model and an in vitro BEAS-2B cell model. The anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of NG-R1 were evaluated through pulmonary function testing, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cell counting, and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. We evaluated the effects of NG-R1 on apoptosis and mitochondrial function using TUNEL, Annexin V-FITC/PI staining, transmission electron microscopy, MitoSox Red, TMRE, JC-1, and Western blot analysis of mitochondrial dynamics-related proteins (p-Drp1/Drp1, Mfn2, ATP5F1A). We used lentiviral knockdown of ATF4 combined with RNA-seq, GO enrichment analysis, and the STRING database to predict its downstream mechanisms. Molecular docking was used to predict the binding affinity between NG-R1 and ATF4, and the expression levels of ATF4, CHOP, and Bcl-2 were validated using Western blot analysis in both in vivo and in vitro models. ATF4 expression was significantly elevated in lung tissue from asthmatic mice and in HDM-stimulated BEAS-2B cells, and was positively correlated with increased epithelial cell apoptosis and reduced migration and repair capacity. ATF4 knockdown alleviates HDM-induced increases in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), decreases in membrane potential, mitochondrial ultrastructural damage, and disbalance in fission/fusion (downregulation of p-Drp1/Drp1 and upregulation of Mfn2 and ATP5F1A) via the ATF4-CHOP-Bcl2 signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting apoptosis. NG-R1 intervention significantly reduced airway hyperresponsiveness, total inflammatory cell counts in BALF, and levels of Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-13, IL-33) in asthmatic mice, and alleviated pulmonary inflammatory infiltration. Molecular docking and in vitro and in vivo experiments indicated that NG-R1 may specifically downregulate ATF4 (binding energies of -5.761 and -6.553 kcal/mol, respectively), modulate CHOP-Bcl2 expression levels, improve mitochondrial function and dynamic equilibrium, inhibit epithelial cell apoptosis, and promote migration and repair. NG-R1 may regulate the ATF4-CHOP-Bcl2 signaling pathway by specifically binding to and downregulating ATF4, thereby alleviating mitochondrial stress-induced damage, inhibiting airway epithelial cell apoptosis, and promoting epithelial repair, suggesting that NG-R1 is a potential candidate drug for targeted asthma therapy.

PMID 42866452
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PubMedClinical and translational allergy2026-10-11

Real-World Effectiveness and Safety of Triple-Mite SCIT With Dermatophagoides and Blomia tropicalis.

García-Robaina José Carlos JC, González-Colino Cristina C, Hernández-Santana Guacimara Lucia GL, Rodríguez-Plata Elena E et al.

House dust mite (HDM)-induced respiratory allergy is a major global health problem. Species distribution varies by region and climate; Blomia tropicalis is prevalent in tropical and subtropical areas and often coexists with Dermatophagoides spp. Although allergen immunotherapy (AIT) reduces symptoms and medication use, real-world evidence for formulations including B. tropicalis remains limited. To evaluate the real-world effectiveness and safety of triple-mite subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) with glutaraldehyde-polymerized extracts of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, and B. tropicalis. Clinical records of 208 patients (5-65 years) with mite-induced allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, with or without asthma, sensitized to these mites were analyzed. All received ≥ 12 months of SCIT. Follow-up extended up to 5 years. Effectiveness was assessed annually using mixed models for repeated measures based on combined symptom and medication scores for rhinoconjunctivitis (RCSMS) and asthma (ACSMS), and individual symptom and medication scores. Safety was evaluated by recording adverse reactions. Significant and sustained improvements were observed. Adjusted LS-mean RCSMS decreased from 3.97 at baseline to 2.26 at 1 year and 1.24 at 5 years (-43.1% and -68.8%; p < 0.001). ACSMS decreased from 2.74 to 1.36 and 0.46 (-50.5% and -83.3%). Symptom improvement was early and accompanied by progressive reductions in medication use. Safety was favourable, with one mild grade 1 systemic reaction (0.48% of patients; 0.015% per injection), resolving without treatment modification. Triple-mite SCIT was associated with sustained, clinically meaningful reductions in symptoms and medication use, and showed a favourable safety profile, supporting a favourable benefit-risk balance in regions where these mites coexist.

PMID 42858187
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PubMedThe journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global2026-10-11

Regional diversity of major house dust mite allergens in Spain: Molecular profiles and clinical correlates.

Rial Manuel J MJ, El-Qutob David D, Alcover Javier J, Villamayor Laura L et al.

House dust mites (HDMs) are a major cause of respiratory allergies worldwide. Molecular diagnosis has allowed a more precise characterization of sensitization patterns, which may have clinical and therapeutic relevance. However, large-scale data on molecular HDM sensitization profiles in real-world settings remain limited in Spain. We aimed to determine the seroprevalence and major allergens of HDM molecular components across different Spanish regions and to explore their association with allergic phenotypes, including allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma. A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted in 5 Spanish regions. A total of 458 serum samples from patients with suspected HDM allergy were analyzed using a multiplex molecular diagnostic platform. Sensitization was defined as specific IgE ≥ 0.3 kUA/L. Allergens with a prevalence ≥50% were considered major allergens. Associations with AR and asthma were evaluated by prevalence odds ratios (PORs) and chi-square tests. The most prevalent HDM allergens were Der p 23 (85.2%), Der f 2 (82.3%), Der p 2 (81.0%), Der p 1 (77.5%), and Der f 1 (71.0%). Regional differences were observed, with Galicia showing high sensitization to Gly d 2 and Lep d 2 (both 57%). In the Canary Islands, >50% of patients were sensitized to Gly d 2, Lep d 2, Der p 21, Der p 5, Der p 7, and Blot 5. Sensitization to Blot 5 showed a moderate association with asthma (POR, 3.64), whereas Tyr p 2 was linked to persistent AR (POR, 2.33). Sensitization to Lep d 2 had variable associations with AR severity across regions. Der p 23, Der f 2, Der p 2, Der p 1, and Der f 1 are the major HDM allergens in Spain, with regional variability suggesting environmental or genetic modifiers. Certain molecular allergens are associated with more severe or persistent allergic phenotypes, highlighting the value of component-resolved diagnosis for risk stratification and immunotherapy planning.

PMID 42857140
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