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hydroquinone (Tanit)

✓ Approved

Vinas · Small Molecule · Small Molecule

What is hydroquinone?

hydroquinone is a small molecule developed by Vinas. It is approved for therapeutic indications.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesTanit
CompanyVinas
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Vinas

Therapeutic Indications

hydroquinone is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disordersSkin hyperpigmentation✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2026-10-16

Benchmarking Gemini 1.5 Pro in Pediatric Emergency Radiology: Sensitivity Gap and Physiological Bias in the Immature Skeleton.

Benelli Cristiano C, Labianca Luca L, Caiolo Vito V, Altavilla Gabriele G et al.

Background/Objectives: To assess the diagnostic performance of Gemini 1.5 Pro, a general-purpose Large Multimodal Model (LMM), as a zero-shot, smartphone-based decision support tool to distinguish pediatric fractures from healthy controls. Methods: A retrospective diagnostic accuracy study was conducted on 182 pediatric radiographs (112 confirmed fractures, 70 healthy controls) using the Gemini 1.5 Pro mobile interface with a 4-question prompt protocol (Detection, Characterization, Skeletal Maturity, Management). Diagnostic metrics were calculated with 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI). Ground truth was established by a senior musculoskeletal radiologist. Results: The model showed an overall sensitivity of 90.2% (95% CI: 83.1-95.0%) and specificity of 87.1% (95% CI: 77.0-93.9%). A significant sensitivity gap occurred between displaced (100.0%; 95% CI: 91.4-100.0%) and non-displaced fractures (84.5%; 95% CI: 74.0-92.0%; p = 0.007). Qualitative taxonomy revealed a primary physiological bias leading to a 12.8% false-positive rate due to growth plate misinterpretation, alongside minor characterization and localization errors (3.6% of correctly identified fractures). When fractures were correctly identified, proposed management strategies aligned with international standards in 95.0% of cases. Inter-observer reliability was excellent (weighted k = 0.96). Conclusions: Gemini 1.5 Pro displays robust clinical reasoning for obvious trauma. However, its zero-shot performance is limited by subtle morphological disruptions and developmental anatomical nuances such as open growth plates. It shows promise as a mobile clinical decision support system for non-specialists, but expert human supervision remains necessary to ensure safety in the complex radiographic landscape of the immature skeleton.

PMID 42882268
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PubMedFoods (Basel, Switzerland)2026-10-16

Processing of Strawberry Juice Using High-Power Ultra-Sound (HPU) and Pulsed Electric Field (PEF): Synergistic Effects on Quality, Color and Anthocyanins Revealed by Chemometrics.

Bebek Markovinović Anica A, Stulić Višnja V, Putnik Predrag P, Janči Tibor T et al.

Minimally processed, non-thermal technologies are increasingly used to preserve fruit juice quality and safety while extending shelf life. This study evaluated high-power ultrasound (HPU; 25% amplitude, 50% pulse, 2.5-7.5 min) combined with pulsed electric field (PEF; 30 kV cm-1, 100 Hz, 1.5-4.5 min), applied in the HPU → PEF sequence, as a hurdle strategy for strawberry juice stored for 7 days at 4 °C. The aim was to assess effects on anthocyanin content, color, and physicochemical properties (conductivity, browning index, dissolved oxygen, HMF) and to identify optimal processing conditions using a chemometric approach. Storage significantly affected all parameters (p ≤ 0.01), increasing conductivity, browning index, and total color difference while reducing anthocyanin, oxygen, and HMF levels. Among HPU-PEF combinations, the mildest treatment (HPU 2.5 min + PEF) preserved the highest anthocyanin content (19.48 ± 0.05 mg 100 mL-1), lowest conductivity, browning index, and HMF, while more intensive treatments caused progressive degradation. Optimization identified HPU 2.5 min + PEF 1.5 min (no storage) as maximizing anthocyanin retention (20.07 mg 100 mL-1), while minimal HMF (4.29 mg L-1) required HPU 3.5 min + PEF 1.5 min. Short-duration HPU-PEF combinations thus provide an effective mild-intensity hurdle strategy for maintaining fresh-like strawberry juice quality.

PMID 42883625
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PubMedMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2026-10-16

Effect of a Sulfonated Poly(ether sulfone) Additive on the Bubble Point-Permeability Trade-Off of Polyethersulfone Microfiltration Membranes Prepared by Roll-to-Roll Vapor-Induced Phase Separation.

Moon Soyoung S, Yoo Jaehyun J, Park Sungryul S, Lee Min-Ho MH

Polyethersulfone (PES) microfiltration (MF) membranes are widely used in bioprocessing and water treatment, but their bubble point (BP), which reflects the largest limiting pore, and their pure water permeability (PWP) are usually coupled in opposite directions, so that gains in throughput are paid for by a loss of pore-size control. Most hydrophilic-additive studies on PES have addressed ultrafiltration membranes cast at laboratory scale, and the effect of a sulfonated poly(ether sulfone) (SPES) additive on the BP-PWP trade-off of MF membranes produced on a continuous line has not been reported. Here, an in-house SPES (potassium form; 25 mol% sulfonated hydroquinone in the monomer feed) was substituted for 0.5 and 1.0 wt% of the PES in casting dopes of constant polymer content, and the dopes were processed into flat-sheet MF membranes on a roll-to-roll vapor-induced/non-solvent-induced phase separation (VIPS/NIPS) line, in which the pore structure is generated by delayed demixing followed by leaching of the water-soluble pore formers poly(vinylpyrrolidone) and poly(ethylene glycol). All membrane series retained the expected negative BP-PWP relation, but the SPES-containing membranes occupied a higher-PWP region than the PES-only control at the same BP; at a matched BP of about 2500 mbar, PWP increased by 10% and 17% at 0.5 and 1.0 wt% SPES. The matched-BP membranes had similar sponge-like morphologies and similar hydraulic mean pore radii, whereas porosity and water uptake increased with SPES content. The results indicate that a small SPES loading expands the control-relative BP-PWP performance window of continuously cast PES MF membranes mainly by increasing the water-accessible void volume rather than by enlarging the pores, and identify SPES as a compositional lever that is compatible with existing industrial casting lines.

PMID 42882682
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PubMedSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2026-10-16

Efficient Azimuth Image-Quality Prediction for Block-Design in Squinted Spotlight SAR Imaging.

Koh Boyeon B, Lee Dongjun D, Ko Ungdai U

This paper presents an efficient image-quality prediction method for planning block processing in squinted spotlight synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging. Before real SAR data are divided into processing blocks, candidate processing-reference locations and feasible block extents must be evaluated. Repeated evaluation using a full two-dimensional focusing processor is computationally expensive and is therefore inefficient for iterative planning. To overcome this problem, first, a new one-dimensional azimuth-compression kernel is derived by applying the principle of stationary phase (POSP) to the azimuth-phase component of the SAR signal. Second, the possibility of replacing the full two-dimensional ω-k kernel with the derived kernel is mathematically analyzed by examining the residual quadratic phase and its range-frequency dependence. Third, applying the derived kernel to initial block design substantially reduces the computation time. In the present study, idealized platform trajectory and ground-surface conditions are assumed. Under these assumptions, the proposed kernel predicts azimuth resolution, peak sidelobe ratio (PSLR), and integrated sidelobe ratio (ISLR). These metrics are then used as image-quality criteria for initial block design. Simulations using 36 point targets distributed over a 1.5 km × 1.5 km test area demonstrate that the proposed 1D kernel closely matches the image quality obtained using the full ω-k kernel. These results demonstrate that the proposed 1D azimuth-compression kernel can efficiently replace full ω-k processing during initial block design.

PMID 42884453
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PubMedGlobal spine journal2026-10-16

Impact of Incidental Durotomy on Health Care Resource Utilization Following Posterior Cervical Decompression and Fusion.

Ng Mitchell K MK, Mastrokostas Leonidas E LE, Mastrokostas Paul G PG, Berglas Eli E et al.

Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.ObjectivesTo evaluate the national incidence and hospitalization impact of incidental durotomy following elective posterior cervical decompression and fusion (PCDF), with respect to complications, length of stay (LOS), costs, and discharge disposition.MethodsAdults undergoing elective PCDF were identified in the 2016-2022 National Inpatient Sample. Propensity score matching paired durotomy cases with controls at a 1:5 ratio using demographic, comorbidity, hospital, and procedural characteristics. Survey-weighted comparisons and multivariable regression evaluated complications, length of stay (LOS), hospitalization costs, and discharge disposition. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.ResultsThe weighted cohort comprised 167,995 encounters, including 2,525 (1.5%) with incidental durotomy. After matching, weighted counts were 12,625 controls and 2,525 durotomy encounters. The durotomy cohort had more complications (41.2% vs 26.5%), longer LOS (7.82 vs 4.34 days), higher hospitalization costs ($65,292 vs $41,196), and more non-routine discharge (59.0% vs 47.7%). Adjusted analyses demonstrated higher odds of complications (OR, 2.03) and non-routine discharge (OR, 1.66), as well as longer LOS (adjusted mean ratio, 1.80) and higher costs (adjusted mean ratio, 1.59; all P<0.001).ConclusionsIncidental durotomy was coded in 1.5% of elective PCDF admissions and was associated with greater inpatient morbidity and resource utilization after matching and adjustment. These findings may inform patient counseling, perioperative planning, and anticipation of discharge support needs. Potential coding inaccuracies and residual confounding inherent to administrative data limit causal interpretation.

PMID 42885723
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PubMedDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2026-10-16

Predicting Retinopathy of Prematurity in Thailand: A Practical Model for Risk-Based Screening.

Lawanaskol Suppachai S, Patumanond Jayanton J, Phinyo Phichayut P, Noppakaonamchokchai Songklot S et al.

Background/Objectives: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening must balance timely detection with feasibility, particularly in resource-limited settings. We aimed to develop a pragmatic, locally derived prediction model to support prioritization of ophthalmologic assessment among Thai neonates already eligible for ROP screening. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of neonates undergoing their first planned ROP screening examination at Chiang Rai Prachanukroh Hospital (2011-2015) and Lampang Hospital (2021-2022). Prespecified predictors included gestational age, birth weight, multiple pregnancy, respiratory distress syndrome, neonatal anemia, neonatal sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, duration of oxygen exposure, and duration of mechanical ventilation. A multivariable logistic regression model was developed. Performance was evaluated using discrimination, calibration, decision curve analysis, and bootstrap internal validation with 1000 resamples. Results: Among 681 infants, 50 (7.3%) had any ROP detected at the index examination. The apparent area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.901 (95% CI, 0.856-0.946), and the optimism-corrected estimate was 0.883 (bootstrap 95% CI, 0.841-0.928). Optimism-corrected calibration-in-the-large was 0.008, the expected-to-observed ratio was 1.005, and the calibration slope was 0.866. At the sensitivity-constrained exploratory cut-off of 1.5%, sensitivity was 96.0% and specificity was 53.4%. The observed ROP risk was 14.0% in the higher-risk group and 0.6% in the lower-risk group. Decision curve analysis suggested net benefit across threshold probabilities up to 0.20. Conclusions: The model showed good discrimination and may support risk stratification and prioritization among infants already eligible for ROP screening. The 1.5% cut-off remains exploratory, and independent external validation, preferably in prospective contemporary cohorts, is required before clinical implementation.

PMID 42882362
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