Drug Database
HE

Hep A-Vi (ViATIM / ViVAXIM)

✓ Approved

Sanofi S.A · Vaccine · Vaccine

What is Hep A-Vi?

Hep A-Vi is a vaccine developed by Sanofi S.A. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or intramuscular (im) injection.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesViATIM, ViVAXIM
CompanySanofi S.A
Drug ClassVaccine, Large Molecules
RouteInjectable (Others), Intramuscular (IM) Injection
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Sanofi S.A

Therapeutic Indications

Hep A-Vi is developed for 2 unique indications across 2 therapeutic areas.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Infections and infestationsTyphoid fever✓ Approved
Surgical and medical proceduresAntiviral prophylaxis✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedSocial cognitive and affective neuroscience2026-07-17

Review of methods to derive the heartbeat-evoked potential: past practices and future directions.

Virjee Rania-Iman RI, Kandasamy Rohan R, Garfinkel Sarah N SN, Carmichael David W DW et al.

The heartbeat-evoked potential (HEP) is an implicit, electrophysiological marker of cortical heartbeat processing and interoception, with increasing clinical relevance. However, on the scalp, HEP are low-amplitude signals mixed with cardiac field artefacts (CFA), requiring signal processing pipelines to separate HEP from CFA. This review evaluates current analytical approaches and addresses methodological gaps in HEP pipelines. A scoping review of the literature was conducted focusing on previously published HEP studies. This was to extract HEP processing methods and parameters used in EEG (199 included papers) and MEG (8 included papers). Parameters investigated included the HEP window, filters, baseline correction window, epoch timeframes, minimum RR intervals, epoch amplitude rejection threshold, and CFA removal. EEG and MEG studies revealed clear heterogeneity and variability in the methods used to derive HEP. These clear inconsistencies in HEP parameter use and reporting would appear to challenge the level replicability between studies. In order to ensure reproducibility and transparency, publications should report critical values for reliable HEP extraction, emphasising the need for standardised methods to enhance study comparability and reproducibility.

PMID 42464026
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PubMedThe Journal of biological chemistry2026-07-17

β-arrestin and myosin VI cooperatively control glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide receptor (GIPR) internalization and signaling dynamics.

Patel Nishaben M NM, Sivaramakrishnan Sivaraj S

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide receptor (GIPR) stimulates insulin release and regulates metabolic homeostasis. GIPR function is shaped by spatiotemporal trafficking of this G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). While GPCR endocytosis is traditionally associated with β-arrestin, GIPR internalization is only modestly dependent on this pathway. In this study, we demonstrate that GIPR engages a cytoskeletal motor, myosin VI to drive receptor endocytosis. GIPR engages the adaptor-motor complex through a PDZ-binding motif (PBM) at its C-ail. Interestingly, β-arrestin binding to phosphorylated residues upstream of the PBM enhance myosin VI recruitment and activation. GIPR internalization is dependent on both receptor phosphorylation and the PBM site to recruit β-arrestin and myosin VI, respectively. Cooperative engagement of β-arrestin and myosin VI results in desensitization of GIP-stimulated cAMP signaling while activating pERK1/2 from endosomal compartments. Blocking myosin VI activity enhances insulin release in pancreatic beta cells, demonstrating a novel role for this pathway in regulating the physiological effects of GIPR. Our findings highlight the direct convergence of two independent trafficking pathways at the level of the receptor C-tail, with implications for the nuanced regulation of individual GPCRs through the differential engagement of β-arrestin and myosin VI.

PMID 42463051
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PubMedJournal of hazardous materials2026-07-17

Plasma-ferrate synergy unlocks a low-barrier solvated-electron pathway for rapid removal of emerging contaminants in water-sediment environments.

Wang Junlei J, Yang Shuang S, Wang Chaofei C, Han Jiangang J et al.

Ferrate (Fe(VI)) has long been recognized as a promising oxidant for water treatment, yet its practical application is hindered by sluggish activation and short-lived intermediates. Herein, a DBD/Fe(VI) process was developed for the rapid and sustainable degradation of diverse emerging contaminants (ECs) in water-sediment matrices through a synergistic electron-driven mechanism, achieving 95.2% degradation of sulfamethoxazole in 6 min across both phases. Plasma-induced solvated electrons and reactive oxygen species not only accelerated ferrate reduction but also promoted the formation of high-valent Fe intermediates (Fe(V)/Fe(IV)) at the solid-liquid interface. Multiscale simulations, density functional theory calculations, and comprehensive spectroscopic characterization supported a low-barrier electron-transfer pathway between plasma species and ferrate anions. Efficient removal of various ECs, decreased toxicity, and reduced number of pathogens in the water-sediment environments demonstrated the applicability of the DBD/Fe(VI) process. A preliminary life cycle perspective analysis indicated that this DBD/Fe(VI) process reduced Fe(VI) consumption under the defined assumptions while potentially lowering the ecotoxicity of the treated sludge, demonstrating promising environmental sustainability. This study provides mechanistic insight into plasma-ferrate coupling chemistry and establishes a sustainable and controllable strategy for in situ remediation of complex aquatic environments.

PMID 42462616
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PubMedWater research2026-07-17

Double macrocyclic cationic crosslinked network enabling ultrafast and efficient aqueous Cr(Ⅵ) remediation.

Deng Xinyi X, Cheng Haonan H, Yang Xinyu X, Ye Jinhong J et al.

The efficient Cr(VI) remediation from industrial wastewater is of critical importance in water purification. Herein, we rationally constructed a dual-macrocyclic cationic cross-linked network (P1) through a quaternization-driven nucleophilic substitution strategy. The incorporation of calixarene units suppresses excessive aggregation of porphyrin macrocycles, thereby improving the accessibility of adsorption sites, while the cross-linked network provides mesoporous features and interparticle voids that facilitate the diffusion of chromium species. In addition, the porphyrin and calixarene building blocks offer abundant functional sites, including hydroxyl groups, NH groups, nitrogen atoms, and cationic N⁺ centers, which interact with Cr(VI) through electrostatic attraction, ion exchange, and hydrogen-bonding interactions. As a result, P1 enables ultrafast and efficient Cr(VI) capture over a wide pH range (3-11) with good resistance toward coexisting anions. P1 exhibits a Cr(VI) adsorption capacity of 265.96 mg g-1 and a high pseudo-second-order kinetic constant (k2 = 2.016 g mg-1 min-1), reaching adsorption equilibrium within 4 min. Additionally, P1 treatment substantially reduced the toxicity of chromium-containing wastewater, enabling its potential reuse for agricultural irrigation, including wheat and mung bean cultivation. Mechanistic investigations reveal that Cr(VI) removal by P1 proceeds through synergistic electrostatic attraction, ion exchange, hydrogen bonding, and partial reduction to Cr(III), accompanied by the retention of a fraction of the generated Cr(III) species through surface complexation and coordination interactions.

PMID 42462651
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PubMedRoFo : Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Rontgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin2026-07-17

Quantitative Assessment of Thyroid Parenchymal Vascularity Using Superb Microvascular Imaging in Chronic Autoimmune Thyroiditis: Associations with Thyroid Function Tests and Autoantibodies.

Ozenbas Cemre C, Altun Ilker I

To quantitatively evaluate thyroid parenchymal vascularity using superb microvascular imaging (SMI) in patients with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (CAT) and to investigate its relationship with thyroid function tests and thyroid autoantibody levels. This retrospective study included 124 patients diagnosed with CAT. Thyroid parenchymal vascularity was quantified using the vascularity index (VI) obtained from SMI. Measurements were performed bilaterally in axial and sagittal planes, and a mean VI was calculated for each patient. Laboratory parameters, including thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), anti-thyroglobulin (anti-TG), and anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO), were recorded. Correlations between VI measurements and laboratory parameters were analyzed using Spearman's correlation coefficient. No significant correlations were observed between VI values and fT3 or fT4 levels. Weak correlations between TSH and VI were identified only in limited imaging planes. In contrast, moderate and statistically significant positive correlations were found between VI values and both anti-TG and anti-TPO levels across all imaging planes as well as for the mean VI (all p<0.001). Quantitative SMI-based assessment of thyroid vascularity is associated with thyroid autoantibody levels rather than thyroid hormone levels in patients with CAT. These findings suggest that SMI-derived vascularity measurements may reflect underlying immunological activity rather than functional thyroid status. · Superb microvascular imaging enables quantitative assessment of thyroid parenchymal vascularity using the vascularity index in patients with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis.. · The thyroid vascularity index shows moderate and significant positive correlations with thyroid autoantibody levels (anti-TG and anti-TPO), reflecting underlying immunological activity.. · No significant association is observed between the vascularity index and thyroid hormone levels (fT3, fT4), indicating that vascularity does not reflect functional thyroid status.. · Quantitative vascularity assessment may provide complementary information beyond conventional ultrasonography and laboratory tests in the evaluation of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis.. · Superb microvascular imaging has potential as a noninvasive tool for assessing inflammatory activity and may contribute to disease monitoring in clinical practice.. · Ozenbas C, Altun I. Quantitative Assessment of Thyroid Parenchymal Vascularity Using Superb Microvascular Imaging in Chronic Autoimmune Thyroiditis: Associations with Thyroid Function Tests and Autoantibodies. Rofo 2026; DOI 10.1055/a-2898-9283.

PMID 42462766
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PubMedIndian journal of urology : IJU : journal of the Urological Society of India2026-07-17

The diagnostic value of biparametric magnetic resonance imaging vesical imaging-reporting and data system combined with tumor contact length for assessing muscle invasion in bladder cancer lesions scored vesical imaging-reporting and data system 3: A single-center retrospective analysis.

Bao Wenbin W, Liu Yangwenyi Y, Yang Jincui J, Ma Xuebing X

To explore the diagnostic value of biparametric magnetic resonance imaging (bp-MRI) combined with tumor contact length (TCL) for identifying muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) among lesions scored 3 on the vesical imaging-reporting and data system (VI-RADS). This single-center retrospective study enrolled patients with pathologically confirmed bladder urothelial carcinoma and a preoperative VI-RADS overall score of 3 (October 2022-October 2025). Two radiologists independently assessed biparametric VI-RADS score and TCL. Inter-observer agreement was evaluated. Based on the postoperative pathology, patients were divided into nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and MIBC groups. Diagnostic performance of individual indicators and combined models (logistic regression and clinical rule) was assessed using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Bootstrap validation (1000 resamples) was performed. One hundred and three patients (46 NMIBC, 57 MIBC) were included. Inter-observer agreement was excellent for biparametric VI-RADS (weighted Kappa = 0.82) and TCL (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.91). TCL and biparametric score was significantly higher in the MIBC group (both P < 0.001). TCL alone (cutoff >2.5 cm) yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.708; for the biparametric score alone (cutoff >3), AUC was 0.743. The combined logistic model (bp-MRI + TCL) achieved the highest AUC of 0.821 (optimism-corrected AUC of 0.798), sensitivity of 96.5%, and specificity of 65.2%. Proposed clinical rule (downgrade biparametric score 3-2 if TCL ≤2.5 cm) achieved an AUC of 0.814 (sensitivity 91.2% and specificity 69.6%). Multiparametric model (including dynamic contrast-enhanced) was not superior (AUC 0.810, P > 0.05). Integrating TCL with biparametric VI-RADS score improved the diagnostic accuracy for muscle invasion in VI-RADS 3 lesions. The simple clinical rule (TCL ≤2.5 cm downgrades the score to 2) showed promising efficacy and may assist in preliminary decision-making, pending external validation.

PMID 42465796
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