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UR

urea (Emolienta / urea, Vinas)

✓ Approved

Vinas · Small Molecule · Small Molecule

What is urea?

urea is a small molecule developed by Vinas. It is approved for therapeutic indications via topical.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesEmolienta, urea, Vinas
CompanyVinas
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
RouteTopical
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Vinas

Therapeutic Indications

urea is developed for 4 unique indications across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disordersDermatitis allergic✓ Approved
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disordersDermatitis atopic✓ Approved
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disordersDermatitis contact✓ Approved
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disordersPsoriasis✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMediScience2026-08-30

Miscompartmentalization of microbiota-derived TMAO is a reversible driver in autism spectrum disorder.

Launay Jean-Marie JM, Vodovar Nicolas N

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder. Unlike genetics and gut dysbiosis, ASD appears to be homogeneous when considering tryptophan metabolism. Following these findings, we found that ASD was associated with the miscompartmentalization of the chemical chaperone trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). Intracellular TMAO was markedly reduced in ASD, possibly due to altered fluid/electrolyte homeostasis, which appeared to be responsible for most anomalies of tryptophan metabolism described in ASD. Administration of urea in a rat model of ASD that recapitulates the biochemical and behavioral phenotypes observed in humans not only restored biochemical parameters but also broadly improved behaviors. Our results suggest a major role of TMAO miscompartmentalization in the pathophysiology of ASD, although it is not causal for ASD. We anticipate that urea, which is already clinically approved, offers a new therapeutic opportunity for ASD, although careful testing is required to ensure safety and acceptability in this context.

PMID 42668590
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PubMedCureus2026-08-30

Automatic Frequent Measurements of Plasma Sodium, Potassium, Total Carbon Dioxide, Urea Nitrogen, and Other Values During Hemodialysis.

Lew Susie Q SQ, Ing Todd S TS, Sam Ramin R, Pham Susie N SN et al.

Customizing acute and chronic hemodialysis treatments by tailoring the prescription can occur by knowing the patient's electrolyte and acid-base status at any given moment. Point-of-care (POC) testing using whole blood samples can provide laboratory results of sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, glucose, calcium, phosphorus, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, oxygen, and lactate. The impact of dialysis on these values will impact patient outcomes and quality of life. Besides knowing the laboratory results, one can calculate the anion gap and osmolar gap to treat patients with disorders such as diabetic ketoacidosis and alcohol poisoning, respectively. We describe a new technology for obtaining blood samples from the hemodialysis arterial line and using a POC device installed in the dialysis machine to perform electrolyte and blood gas measurements, and inform the clinician promptly of possible prescription adjustments to meet the needs of the patient requiring acute or chronic hemodialysis. Besides the obvious benefits, we highlight some pitfalls associated with using whole blood versus serum samples, and arterial versus venous blood samples.

PMID 42669024
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PubMedJAR life2026-08-30

Prevalence of dehydration and a quality improvement initiative in nursing home residents.

Hamrick Irene I, Bauer M Lisa ML

Dehydration in older adults is common and is 37% among community living older adults. No prevalence in US nursing homes is published. To describe the prevalence of dehydration, defined as BUN/creatinine ratio ≥20:1, among residents of a single veterans administration (VA) nursing home over three years. To describe concurrent trends in selected quality metrics during the implementation of a multi component hydration quality improvement program. We identified dehydration based on blood urea nitrogen and creatinine (BUN/Creat) ratio as ≥20:1 because of convenience and availability.We implemented several approaches to improve dehydration in our VA facility: Providing favorite drink at: bedside, table or wherever resident is.Encourage to drink on entry to room and before leaving,Flavored water,Door magnet,Huddle meetings with staff:Education of aging changes that put older adults at risk of dehydrationRationale for need of 2 quarts or more a daySoliciting from frontline staff for their tips on how to increase fluid intake.Asked for barriers to implementation,Discussing with staff and showing study progress over time. Of 20-48 residents (varied because of pandemic) between 2021-2023:Dehydration improved from 75% to 36.6% over 3 years.We found associations with:Improved behaviors in our residents and fewer hospitalizations.Fall rates declined every year, from 6.4 in 2021 to 3.9 in 2023.UTI decreased, and our catheter associated UTIs moved our facility to the 1st quintile, receiving a #1 in the nation ranking among all VA nursing homes.Challenges: Resident turnover, co-morbidities, poor insight, and staff turnover requires us to keep education ongoing. Multiple approaches and ongoing education over time cut our dehydration rate in half over 3 years. We noted fewer UTIs, falls, behaviors and hospitalizations. This material is the result of work supported with resources and the use of facilities at the Cincinnati VA Medical Center.

PMID 42668465
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PubMedPakistan journal of medical sciences2026-08-30

Analysis of factors associated with severe disease and construction of a monogram for elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia complicated by heart failure.

Sun Yanli Y, Yu Simiao S, Zhan Qianli Q, Li Jianlong J

To identify independent influencing factors of severe disease among old community-acquired pneumonia(CAP) patients complicated by heart failure(HF), and to establish the nomogram model for identifying severe illness early in clinical settings. This was a retrospective study. Altogether 140 elderly patients with concurrent CAP and HF admitted into Baoding No.1 Central Hospital between January 2022 to November 2025. According to the CURB-65 (confusion, blood urea nitrogen, respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure, age ≥65 years) score, patients were classified as the non-high-risk(n =100) or high-risk(n =40) group. Later, demographic and baseline data, infection and inflammatory markers, cardiac and other organ function parameters, coagulation parameters, systemic parameters, and clinical manifestations were compared between these two groups. After preliminary screening through univariate analysis, multivariate logistic regression identified procalcitonin(PCT), B-type natriuretic peptide(BNP), and impaired consciousness as independent predictors of severe disease(P< 0.05, respectively). These significant predictors were incorporated into a nomogram model to estimate individual risk. The ROC curve analysis showed that the combined model yielded an area under the curve of 0.891(95% confidence interval: 0.818-0.963). Moreover, our calibration curve closely aligned with the ideal curve, indicating that our predicted risk was highly consistent with the actual risk. As for clinical utility, the DCA revealed substantial net clinical benefits of our constructed model among a broad threshold probability spectrum(0.05-1.0). The nomogram model incorporating PCT, BNP, and impaired consciousness demonstrates greater predictive power than those using any single parameter alone. With good calibration and favorable clinical utility.

PMID 42668929
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PubMedJournal of molecular histology2026-08-30

Anti-LCN2 antibody treatment is associated with attenuated hearing loss and blood-labyrinth barrier disruption in a mouse model of chronic kidney disease.

Ding Ye Y, Jiang Xin X, Ye Xiangming X

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with sensorineural hearing loss, but the mechanisms linking renal injury to cochlear dysfunction remain incompletely defined. Because lipocalin-2 (LCN2/NGAL) is markedly increased in CKD and has been implicated in endothelial dysfunction and barrier injury, we investigated whether LCN2 contributes to cochlear damage in a mouse model of CKD. Male C57BL/6J mice underwent 5/6 nephrectomy, and CKD mice received either an anti-LCN2 monoclonal antibody or an isotype control three times weekly for seven weeks beginning one week after completion of surgery. Auditory function, cochlear morphology, blood-labyrinth barrier integrity, cochlear perfusion, and LCN2-associated signaling were assessed using auditory brainstem responses, distortion product otoacoustic emissions, whole-mount immunofluorescence, FITC-dextran extravasation, Western blotting, quantitative PCR, and laser Doppler flowmetry. CKD mice developed elevated auditory brainstem response thresholds, reduced distortion product otoacoustic emission amplitude at a single primary tone pair with f2 = 8.0 kHz, outer hair cell loss, and a reduction in the number of CtBP2-positive presynaptic ribbon puncta per inner hair cell. These changes were accompanied by increased serum and cochlear LCN2, upregulation of 24p3R/SLC22A17 and NLRP3, increased blood-labyrinth barrier permeability, reduced claudin-5 and ZO-1 expression, impaired cochlear blood flow, stria vascularis atrophy, and decreased expression of strial ion-transport genes. Anti-LCN2 antibody treatment improved auditory thresholds and otoacoustic emission responses, attenuated outer hair cell and synaptic injury, reduced vascular leakage, partially restored tight junction and ion-transport gene expression, and improved cochlear perfusion, without measurably lowering serum blood urea nitrogen or creatinine. These findings support a possible contribution of LCN2 to CKD-associated cochlear vascular dysfunction and hearing loss. Targeting LCN2 may represent a therapeutic strategy for preserving hearing in CKD, although validation in additional CKD models, both sexes, and human tissues is required.

PMID 42669095
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PubMedPediatric research2026-08-30

Development of a machine-learning risk stratification tool for vasoactive medication need after two-bolus fluid resuscitation in pediatric suspected sepsis.

Velez Tom T, Badaki-Makun Oluwakemi O, Mercurio Danielle Claire DC, Hirsch Danielle D et al.

Timely vasopressor initiation is critical in fluid-refractory pediatric septic shock, yet clinicians lack objective tools to identify children requiring early hemodynamic escalation after fluid resuscitation. We performed a retrospective multicenter study using electronic health record data from five pediatric emergency departments (March 2022-February 2025). Children aged 3 months-17 years screened for sepsis who received ≥2 fluid boluses and were vasopressor-naïve at the second bolus were included. The analytic cohort required abnormal age-adjusted vital signs before the first bolus and documented vital signs after the second bolus. Eight predictors were selected from 41 candidate variables via recursive feature elimination to develop a model predicting subsequent vasopressor administration. A super learner framework evaluated 13 algorithms. Among 645 eligible patients, 341 met analytic criteria and 88 (25.8%) received vasopressors. Random Forest demonstrated optimal performance (AUROC 0.827 [95% CI 0.777-0.876], AUPRC 0.661). Post-second-bolus mean arterial pressure and baseline MAP severity were the strongest predictors, while blood urea nitrogen was the only retained laboratory variable. Four risk tiers showed vasopressor rates ranging from 6.6% to 63.6%. Machine learning accurately identified children at risk for fluid-refractory septic shock and may support timely vasopressor initiation. A machine-learning model using eight routinely available clinical variables accurately predicts vasoactive medication need after two fluid boluses in pediatric suspected sepsis. The model stratifies patients into four calibrated risk tiers with a 9.6-fold gradient in vasoactive medication rates, identifying children at risk for fluid-refractory septic shock. This work addresses a critical clinical decision point, whether to continue fluids or escalate to vasoactive medications, where current guidelines offer limited objective guidance. The tool has potential to support earlier recognition of fluid-refractory shock and optimize resuscitation strategies in pediatric emergency care.

PMID 42668278
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