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UR

urea (Emolienta / urea, Vinas)

✓ Approved

Vinas · Small Molecule · Small Molecule

What is urea?

urea is a small molecule developed by Vinas. It is approved for therapeutic indications via topical.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesEmolienta, urea, Vinas
CompanyVinas
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
RouteTopical
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Vinas

Therapeutic Indications

urea is developed for 4 unique indications across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disordersDermatitis allergic✓ Approved
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disordersDermatitis atopic✓ Approved
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disordersDermatitis contact✓ Approved
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disordersPsoriasis✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedAnimal bioscience2026-10-15

Effects of soybean meal replacement strategies on meat flavor in male Dumont lambs.

Lu Henan H, Wang Hairong H, Li Boyang B, Lv Zenghao Z et al.

To investigate the effects of different soybean meal replacement strategies using urea, cottonseed meal, and rapeseed meal on growth performance, meat quality, and flavor of Dumont lambs, and to identify the key metabolic pathways and genes involved in flavor formation through integrated volatile metabolomics and transcriptomics. Twenty-four male Dumont lambs were randomly divided into four groups: Group T1 (CON, no urea added), Group T2 (1.5% urea replacing 57.9% soybean meal), Group T3 (1% urea replacing 36.8% soybean meal), and Group T4 (1% urea + cottonseed meal + rapeseed meal replacing 100% soybean meal). Growth and carcass performance, meat quality of the longissimus dorsi muscle were evaluated under different soybean meal replacement strategies, volatile metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses were conducted to elucidate the molecular mechanisms regulating meat flavor. The T2 group produced meat quality traits and flavor profiles most like those of the control group. The T3 group reduced the concentrations of several amino acids, while T4 group enhanced intramuscular fat deposition and promoted the accumulation of desirable lipogenic aroma compounds. Integrated omics analysis revealed enrichment of lipid metabolism pathways, including AMPK and PPAR signalling, fatty acid biosynthesis, and glycerolipid metabolism. Key genes involved in fatty acid synthesis, elongation, desaturation, and lipid storage (ACACA, FASN, SCD, ELOVL6, DGAT2, LPL, CIDEC, ADIPOQ) correlated significantly with flavor-related fatty acids and volatile compounds. The 1.5% urea group maintained meat quality and flavor characteristics comparable to those of the control diet, whereas complete replacement of soybean meal promoted intramuscular fat deposition and enhanced the formation of desirable lipid-derived aroma compounds. This study provides a reference for the development of low-cost nitrogen sources and for future research on metabolism related to lamb muscle flavor.

PMID 42875910
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PubMedInternational journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease2026-10-15

The Prognostic Value of PaCO2 on the Response to Noninvasive Ventilation in Patients with AECOPD Complicated by Type II Respiratory Failure.

Song Fanghong F, Zhao Yadong Y, Yu Chao C

Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) complicated by Type II respiratory failure frequently requires noninvasive ventilation (NIV). However, 10-25% of patients fail NIV and require intubation. The optimal timing and threshold of partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) for predicting NIV failure remain unclear. In this two-center retrospective cohort study of 676 patients with AECOPD and Type II respiratory failure treated with NIV between 2012 and 2025, we used multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis (4 knots at the 5th, 35th, 65th, and 95th percentiles) to assess the dose-response relationship between 24-hour post-treatment PaCO2 and NIV failure. NIV failure occurred in 73 patients (10.8%). After full adjustment for age, heart rate, white blood cell count, hemoglobin, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, D-dimer, and baseline HACOR score, each 1 mmHg increase in 24h PaCO2 was associated with 3% higher odds of NIV failure (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01-1.06). RCS analysis revealed a nonlinear L-shaped association (overall P < 0.001; nonlinear P < 0.01), with a threshold at 60.2 mmHg. Below this threshold, no significant association was observed; above it, odds increased markedly; this threshold requires further external validation in independent patient populations. After adjustment for confounding variables, the fully‑adjusted multivariable model yielded an AUC of 0.805 (95% CI 0.751-0.860). A 24-hour post-treatment PaCO2 exceeding 60.2 mmHg identifies patients at high risk for NIV failure. This readily available bedside measure may guide escalation decisions in AECOPD with Type II respiratory failure.

PMID 42876922
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PubMedArchivos espanoles de urologia2026-10-15

Association of Perioperative Full-Course Nursing Management With Renal Function and Urinary Tract Infections in Patients With Complex Urinary Tract Stones Undergoing Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy.

Yu Junyan J, Hong Ping P, Pan Lihua L, Wang Jian J

To investigate the association of perioperative full-course nursing management with renal function and the incidence of urinary tract infections in patients with complex urinary tract stones undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). This retrospective cohort study included 200 patients with complex urinary tract stones who received PCNL treatment at The Second People's Hospital of Chun'an County between January 2023 and January 2026. Participants were divided into a control group (100 cases) and a full-course nursing group (100 cases) based on different nursing methods. After 1:1 propensity score matching, 85 patients were retained in each group. The control group received routine perioperative nursing, whereas the full-course nursing group received full-course nursing management based on routine care, including preoperative risk assessment and health education, infection prevention, intraoperative collaborative nursing, postoperative management (drainage tube management, pain management, and early rehabilitation training), and post-discharge follow-up. Preoperative and postoperative renal function indicators [serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)], inflammatory markers [C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT)], incidence of urinary tract infections, postoperative complication rates, length of hospital stay, and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups. On postoperative day 7, compared with the control group, the full-course nursing group showed significantly lower levels of Scr (87.35 ± 8.99 vs. 95.16 ± 9.89 μmol/L, p < 0.001), BUN (6.57 ± 0.79 vs. 7.25 ± 1.18 mmol/L, p < 0.001), CRP (10.13 ± 2.13 vs. 12.98 ± 2.72 mg/L, p < 0.001), and PCT (0.35 ± 0.08 vs. 0.39 ± 0.07, p < 0.001), significantly higher levels of eGFR (84.87 ± 6.17 vs. 81.01 ± 7.57 mL·min-1·1.73m-2, p < 0.001), and significantly shorter hospital stay (8.36 ± 1.18 vs. 10.08 ± 2.13 d, p < 0.001). The overall complication rate was significantly lower (3.5% vs. 20.0%, p < 0.001), as was the urinary tract infection rate (2.4% vs. 16.5%, p = 0.002). Nursing satisfaction was significantly higher (89.4% vs. 75.3%, p = 0.016). Perioperative comprehensive nursing management was associated with better postoperative renal function, lower incidences of urinary tract infection and related complications, and shorter hospital stay in patients with complex urinary tract stones undergoing PCNL, suggesting potential clinical value.

PMID 42876133
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PubMedNature communications2026-10-14

Mineral-integrated electrochemical system enabling membrane-free pH swing and active chlorine species generation for urine valorization.

Luo Ju J, Zhan Zhengshuo Z, Li Weiquan W, He Lingyu L et al.

Human urine represents a nutrient-rich reservoir that, if recycled, could significantly offset global fertilizer demands. Yet, its potential remains largely underexploited because rapid urea hydrolysis at the source drives N and P losses via uncontrolled precipitation, while causing pipe clogging and malodor formation. Here, we report a wollastonite (CaSiO3)-integrated electrochemical alkalization and oxidation (EAO) system that enables concurrent urea stabilization and phosphorus recovery. Anodic proton-driven dissolution of CaSiO3 releases Ca2+, which combines with cathodically generated alkalinity to promote phosphate precipitation, whereas anodic oxidation suppresses urease-mediated urea hydrolysis. We show that the driving force lies in the microenvironment near the electrode, which has distinct pH, Ca2+ and active‑chlorine gradients. Treating two‑fold diluted urine at 12 A m-2 yields the most energy‑efficient scenario (20.11 kWh kg-1 P, 2.99 kWh m-3 urine), achieving 96.0% phosphate recovery and robust urea stabilization in real urine. We expect the EAO system to create a scalable electrochemical route to close nutrient loops in decentralized sanitation, supporting sustainable fertilizer production and urine management.

PMID 42869913
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PubMedNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2026-10-14

General Preparation of Nickel-Based Compound/Carbon Nanotube Catalysts for the Urea Oxidation Reaction.

Xia Yanjie Y, Ma Sheng-Zhi SZ, Chen Yi-Jun YJ, Du Jia-Wen JW et al.

Leveraging the flexibility and adaptability of hydrogen bonding, hydrogen-bonded organic framework (HOF) nanowires can serve as effective templates and precursors for the synthesis of hollow structures composed of uniform multielement compounds. Benefiting from the mesoporous nanotube structure and synergistic active sites, the fabricated Ru-Ni2P/C catalyst delivers low potential, high current density, and good stability. When employed for urea electrolysis, the catalyst enables a current density of 10 mA cm-2 at potentials of 1.36 V vs. RHE. These findings offer a promising structural and compositional design strategy for developing high-performance electrocatalysts.

PMID 42873057
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PubMedJournal of environmental quality2026-10-14

Automated gas measurement reveals contrasting effectiveness of enhanced-efficiency fertilizers for reducing ammonia and nitrous oxide emissions.

Ransom Curtis J CJ, LeMonte Joshua J JJ, Lambert Austen M AM, Svedin Jeffrey D JD et al.

Enhanced-efficiency nitrogen (N) fertilizer technologies have the potential to reduce N gas emissions, yet their effects on nitrous oxide (N2O) and ammonia (NH3) emissions are often inconsistent and context-dependent. The aim of this study was to quantify N2O and NH3 gas emissions using continuous photoacoustic infrared spectroscopy under varying N fertilizer rates, moisture regimes, and fertilizer sources in controlled incubations. Gas fluxes were measured every 48 min from fertilizer applied to bare soil in glasshouse (29 days) and laboratory (47 days) settings. Nitrous oxide emissions show N rate by moisture interactions, with emission factors ranging from 0.03% to 3.55%. Under moderate soil moisture (55% water-filled pore space [WFPS]), N2O emissions increased with N rate, whereas under high soil moisture (75% WFPS), the highest N rate (2500 kg N ha-1) resulted in unexpectedly low N2O emissions. In contrast, NH3 emissions were only observed at high N rates, regardless of moisture conditions, with emission factors around 1.1%-1.2%. Polymer-coated urea (PCU) and polymer-coated sulfur-coated urea (PCSCU) did not reduce cumulative N2O emissions relative to urea. Instead, PCU and PCSCU delayed N2O release, producing similar total emissions with altered temporal patterns. However, cumulative NH3 emissions were reduced by 81%-99% with the use of coated fertilizers. These findings suggest that while coated fertilizers help mitigate NH3 losses, their effectiveness in reducing overall N emissions is highly dependent upon environmental conditions and application methods.

PMID 42872576
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