Drug Database
CO

cocaine hydrochloride (Numbrino)

✓ Approved

Lannett · SCN5A · Small Molecule

What is cocaine hydrochloride?

cocaine hydrochloride is a small molecule developed by Lannett. It is approved for therapeutic indications via topical.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesNumbrino
CompanyLannett
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
Molecular TargetSCN5A
RouteTopical
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Lannett

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

cocaine hydrochloride acts on 1 molecular target:

SCN5Asodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 5 (CMD1E, SSS1)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

cocaine hydrochloride is developed for 2 unique indications across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Nervous system disordersAnaesthesia✓ Approved
Nervous system disordersSensory loss✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedNeuromolecular medicine2026-08-30

AMBMP Hydrochloride Reverses STZ-Induced Alzheimer-Type Dementia Associated with Wnt/β-catenin/TLR4 Signaling.

Kalra Palak P, Chaturvedi Deepak D, Kumar Amit A, Grewal Amarjot Kaur AK et al.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder with progressive cognitive decline and neuronal loss. This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of AMBMP Hydrochloride, a Wnt/β-catenin agonist, in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced mice model of AD, elucidating the interplay between dysregulated Wnt/β-catenin signaling and Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated inflammation, with Palmitic acid used as a TLR4 pathway modulator. Mice received bilateral intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injections of STZ (3 mg/kg) on Day 1 and Day 3, followed by administration of Donepezil (3 mg/kg)/ AMBMP Hydrochloride (5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg)/Palmitic acid (TLR4 agonist, 20 mg/kg) via the intraperitoneal (i.p.) route from Day 4 to Day 22. STZ-treated mice exhibited significant cognitive dysfunction, characterized by impaired performance in the Morris Water Maze (MWM) task along with increase in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, oxidative stress (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; TBARS), neuroinflammation [tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)/Interleukin-6 (IL-6)/Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)] and decreased reduced glutathione (GSH) levels. However, AMBMP Hydrochloride significantly improved behavioral and biochemical alterations possibly through modulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and attenuation of TLR4-mediated inflammation. Interestingly, Palmitic acid co-treatment was found to counteract these protective effects, further pointing to a role of TLR4 in the pharmacological effect of AMBMP Hydrochloride. In summary, we confirmed that AMBMP Hydrochloride exhibits potent neuroprotective effects associated with modulating Wnt/β-catenin/TLR4 signaling, offering a promising therapeutic approach against Alzheimer-Type Dementia. Future studies should delve deeper into the molecular mechanisms and translational promise of AMBMP hydrochloride, paving the way for its development as a potential candidate for AD management.

PMID 42668333
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PubMedNeuroscience2026-08-30

Incubation of cocaine craving is associated with reduced context-induced Fos expression in parvalbumin interneurons in the nucleus accumbens core of male rats.

Anesio Augusto A, Lopes Costa Giovanna Victoria GV, Palombo Paola P, Zaniboni Caroline Riberti CR et al.

Substance use disorder develops in a subset of individuals after repeated drug exposure and is characterized by escalating intake and loss of control over use. Rodent self-administration protocols with varying drug access durations are used to study controlled and compulsive drug use and its neurobiology. Drug-associated stimuli are major triggers for relapse. In humans, the craving response elicited by these stimuli progressively increases during abstinence, contributing to high relapse rates. In animals, an analogous process is observed, termed incubation of cocaine craving, which is characterized by a progressive increase in context-induced drug-seeking behavior over the course of abstinence. Associative learning between environmental stimuli and drug use is encoded by neuronal ensembles reactivated by drug-related stimuli, driving drug seeking. In the NAcc, these ensembles regulate cue-driven behaviors, while PV interneurons provide inhibitory control over network activity. We examined overall NAcc and PV-specific recruitment by measuring Fos expression in response to the cocaine-associated context after restricted or extended access self-administration and assessed whether this recruitment is modulated by forced abstinence. The magnitude of context-induced Fos expression in the NAcc core and shell before abstinence was influenced by the amount of cocaine intake during training, with greater expression in extended access rats. NAcc core and shell Fos expression increased after 30 days of abstinence in both groups but was consistently higher in extended access rats. PV Fos expression decreased in extended access rats following forced abstinence. These findings suggest that the Incubated cocaine craving alters NAcc and PV interneuron recruitment.

PMID 42669377
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PubMedPakistan journal of medical sciences2026-08-30

Efficacy of Bromhexine hydrochloride combined with bronchoalveolar lavage under fiberoptic bronchoscopy in the treatment of mild to moderate community-acquired pneumonia.

Hu Feiyan F, Lin Li L, Lv Feijing F, Xu Yanan Y et al.

To evaluate the clinical efficacy of bromhexine hydrochloride (BRH) combined with fiberoptic bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) under fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) in the treatment of patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). This retrospective cohort study included clinical data from 126 patients with mild-to-moderate CAP treated at Yongkang First People's Hospital from March 2023 to March 2025. Of them, patients treated with BRH alone (BRH group, n=63) were matched 1:1 to a cohort treated with BRH combined with fiberoptic bronchoscopic BAL under FOB (BRH & BAL group, n=63). The primary outcome was clinical efficacy. Secondary outcomes included clinical symptoms, levels of inflammatory factors, and incidence of adverse reactions. After treatment, the efficacy of the BRH & BAL group (95.2%) was significantly higher than that of the BRH group (84.1%) (P<0.05). Post-treatment duration of fever, time to cough relief, time to resolution of pulmonary rales, and hospital length of stay in the BRH & BAL group were all shorter than those in the BRH group (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of IL-6, CRP, and PCT in both groups were considerably lower than pre-treatment and significantly lower in the BRH & BAL group than in the BRH group (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). BRH combined with BAL under FOB for the treatment of mild-to-moderate CAP is associated with improved therapeutic efficacy, alleviation of clinical symptoms, reduction of the inflammatory response, and good safety.

PMID 42668875
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PubMedMedical mycology journal2026-08-30

A Case of Kerion Celsi due to Trichophyton rubrum Successfully Treated with Fosravuconazole.

Une Chisato C, Ikutama Risa R, Kano Rui R, Kimura Utako U et al.

A male in his seventies presented with multiple erythematous follicular papules on the back, followed by lesions in the occipital region and posterior neck. Fungal examination revealed kerion celsi caused by Trichophyton rubrum. The patient was treated with fosravuconazole 100 mg/day for 8 weeks, and the brush method was negative 1 month later. The oral antifungal medicines approved for treatment of tinea capitis in Japan are limited to itraconazole and terbinafine hydrochloride. However, itraconazole has many contraindicated drugs, and antifungal resistance has recently become a major concern.As the challenge of drug-resistant fungi is expected to become more significant in the future, the clinical benefits of using fosravuconazole L-lysine ethanolate (F-RVCZ) for treating kerion celsi may increase. Our experience suggests that F-RVCZ could be a valuable therapeutic option.

PMID 42669480
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PubMedFrontiers in medicine2026-08-29

Effects of fractional laser combined with amorolfine hydrochloride cream on fungal clearance rate and nursing outcomes in patients with onychomycosis: a retrospective clinical study.

Wang Dan D, Wu ZhuoYan Z, Jia Fei F

To investigate the clinical efficacy, fungal clearance rate, and impact on quality of life of fractional laser combined with amorolfine hydrochloride cream in the treatment of onychomycosis. This study retrospectively analyzed 90 patients diagnosed with onychomycosis who were admitted to our hospital between November 2023 and November 2024. According to the treatment strategies received during routine clinical practice, patients were assigned to either the conventional group or the study group, with 45 cases in each group. The conventional group received amorolfine hydrochloride cream alone combined with routine nursing care, whereas the study group additionally received fractional laser therapy and targeted comprehensive nursing intervention on this basis. Comparative analyses were conducted between the two groups with respect to the fungal clearance rate, overall clinical intervention efficacy, quality-of-life scores before and after the intervention, incidence of adverse events, and nursing satisfaction. After the intervention, the overall clinical effective rate and fungal clearance rate in the study group (95.56 ± 3.5, 95.56 ± 3.2%) were both significantly higher than those in the conventional group (82.22 ± 4.2, 77.78 ± 4.9%) (p < 0.05). The degree of improvement in quality of life among patients in the study group was significantly better than that in the conventional group (p < 0.05). In addition, the incidence of adverse events in the study group was significantly lower than that in the conventional group (p < 0.05), and the overall patient satisfaction with nursing care was significantly higher than that in the conventional group (p < 0.05). Compared with amorolfine hydrochloride cream alone, fractional laser combined with amorolfine hydrochloride cream is safer and more effective in the treatment of onychomycosis, improves nursing outcomes, increases the fungal clearance rate, enhances quality of life, and reduces adverse events.

PMID 42666669
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PubMedArchives of microbiology2026-08-29

Comparative evaluation of glucosamine derivatives for enhanced microbial hyaluronic acid production by Streptococcus zooepidemicus and Streptococcus pyogenes.

Girgin Öz Hilal H, Aydın Yıldırım Pınar P, Öğüt Hamdi H

The extraction of hyaluronic acid (HA) from animal tissues such as rooster combs or bovine vitreous humor is limited by complex purification steps and contamination risks. Microbial fermentation has therefore become a sustainable alternative for HA production. This study aimed to optimize the temperature and pH conditions for Streptococcus pyogenes using the Taguchi method and to investigate the effects of three glucosamine derivatives D-(+)-glucosamine hydrochloride, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, and D-glucosamine 3-sulfate on HA synthesis by Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus zooepidemicus. The optimal temperature and pH conditions for S. pyogenes HA production were identified as 32 °C and pH 8.0. Among the glucosamine derivatives tested, supplementation with 1.3 g N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and 2 g D-glucosamine 3-sulfate significantly increased HA production in S. zooepidemicus, reaching 1018.9 mg/L and 739.0 mg/L, respectively, whereas glucosamine hydrochloride showed no significant effect. In contrast, the highest mean HA concentrations in S. pyogenes were 773.7 mg/L with 0.8 g D-(+)-glucosamine hydrochloride and 540.5 mg/L with 2 g D-glucosamine 3-sulfate, although these differences were not statistically significant. No significant differences were observed among the tested concentrations of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. These results demonstrate that the type and dosage of glucosamine precursors exert strain-specific effects on HA biosynthesis. This work provides a comparative analysis of glucosamine derivatives in Streptococcus species, offering new insights into microbial HA production strategies.

PMID 42667334
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