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pasireotide (Signifor LAR / pasireotide, LAR / pasireotide LAR)

✓ Approved

Novartis AG · SSTR1 · Small Molecule

What is pasireotide?

pasireotide is a small molecule developed by Novartis AG. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or intramuscular (im) injection or subcutaneous injection.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesSignifor LAR, pasireotide, LAR, pasireotide LAR
CompanyNovartis AG
Drug ClassSmall Molecule, Polypeptide
Molecular TargetSSTR1, SSTR2, SSTR3, SSTR5
RouteInjectable (Others), Intramuscular (IM) Injection, Subcutaneous Injection
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Novartis AG

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

pasireotide acts on 4 molecular targets:

SSTR1somatostatin receptor 1 (SS-1-R, SS1-R)
SSTR2somatostatin receptor 2 (SST2)
SSTR3somatostatin receptor 3 (SST3, SS3R)
SSTR5somatostatin receptor 5 (SST5, SS-5-R)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

pasireotide is developed for 11 unique indications across 2 therapeutic areas.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Endocrine disordersAcromegaly✓ Approved
Endocrine disordersPituitary-dependent Cushing's syndrome✓ Approved
Endocrine disordersCarcinoid syndromePhase III
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)Colon cancer recurrentPhase III
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)Pituitary tumour benignPhase II

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Related Research Articles

PubMedScientific reports2026-08-29

Lactate to albumin ratio LAR predicts mortality in critically ill adults with asthma across two cohorts.

Wang Chenxi C, Chen Qin Q, Li Yajing Y, Zhang Li L

LAR, a composite biomarker reflecting metabolic stress and systemic inflammatory status, has demonstrated prognostic value across various critical illnesses. However, its clinical significance among critically ill adults with asthma diagnoses remains poorly defined. This study aimed to evaluate the association between LAR and mortality risk in ICU patients with asthma diagnoses and to develop and externally validate a LAR-based predictive model. We retrospectively analyzed 1,038 adult ICU patients with asthma diagnosis codes from the MIMIC-IV (v3.1) database (2008-2022) and 467 patients from the eICU-CRD for external validation. Asthma was identified using ICD diagnosis codes; therefore, the cohort represents critically ill patients with recorded asthma diagnoses rather than patients confirmed to have been admitted primarily for acute asthma exacerbation. LAR was calculated using admission laboratory values, with patients stratified by the median LAR (0.5385). Multivariable Cox regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis, and Kaplan-Meier curves were employed to assess mortality risks. Subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate consistency across clinical strata, adjusting for demographics, comorbidities, and clinical severity scores. In the discovery cohort, 28-day and 60-day mortality rates were 17.5% and 20.9%, respectively, with significantly higher rates observed in the high LAR group (P < 0.001). After multivariable adjustment in Cox models, each 1-unit increase in LAR was associated with 28-day (HR = 1.22, P = 0.002) and 60-day (HR = 1.16, P < 0.001) mortality. In the eICU-CRD validation cohort, where the available endpoint was ICU mortality, LAR was associated with ICU mortality in logistic regression (OR = 1.454, P = 0.012). Restricted cubic spline analysis did not provide evidence of a non-linear association between LAR and 28-day mortality. A gender interaction was identified for 28-day mortality (P interaction = 0.044), showing a stronger association in females. The final predictive model demonstrated good discrimination for ICU mortality in the eICU-CRD cohort, with an AUC of 0.809. Elevated LAR at ICU admission was associated with mortality in ICU patients with asthma diagnoses. The external eICU-CRD analysis supported the direction of this association for ICU mortality, although it used a different endpoint and modeling approach from the MIMIC-IV time-to-event analyses. These findings suggest that LAR may be an accessible risk-stratification marker, but prospective validation with harmonized mortality endpoints is required before clinical implementation.

PMID 42665605
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PubMedJournal of minimal access surgery2026-08-28

Surgical management of rectal cancer: Analysis of procedural patterns and perioperative outcomes in 510 patients.

Lone Amir Zaffar AZ, Teeli Mehraj Ul Islam MUI, Parray Fazl-Ul-Qadir FU, Batool Anna A et al.

Effective surgical therapy of rectal cancer necessitates meticulous selection of suitable surgical procedures contingent upon tumour location, stage and patient characteristics. This research examines surgical procedural trends and results in a tertiary care facility in Kashmir. A 7-year retrospective-prospective research examined 510 rectal cancer patients who had surgical treatment at SKIMS. Surgical interventions were classified as local excision, low anterior resection (LAR), abdominoperineal resection (APR), Hartmann's technique and palliative operations. Data about surgical approaches (open, laparoscopic and robotic), perioperative parameters and complications were gathered and analysed. Out of 510 patients, 36 (7.05%) had transanal excision, 280 (54.9%) underwent LAR, 145 (28.4%) received APR, 35 (6.9%) were treated with Hartmann's surgery and 14 (2.7%) had unresectable disease necessitating palliative interventions. In the cohort undergoing neoadjuvant treatment, the rates of sphincter-preserving surgery were significantly elevated (62.5% compared to 45.1%, P < 0.05). A laparoscopic technique was employed in 178 individuals (34.9%). Conversion to open surgery was performed in 18 instances (10.1%). This institutional experience illustrates the progression of surgical practices, highlighting the growing implementation of sphincter-preserving techniques and less invasive methods. Neoadjuvant treatment profoundly impacts surgical decision-making, facilitating an increased number of sphincter-preserving surgeries. Persistent focus on entire mesorectal excision principles and judicious application of sophisticated surgical methods can enhance oncological and functional results.

PMID 42663975
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PubMedFrontiers in nutrition2026-08-28

Prognostic value of albumin-related inflammatory ratios for 30-day mortality in rheumatic heart disease: a dual-cohort study with external validation.

Li Wen W, Zhu Zhanfang Z, Hao Jinxia J, Zheng Yunhui Y et al.

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a chronic valvular condition characterized by persistent autoimmune inflammation and nutritional deficiencies. Albumin not only reflects the body's nutritional status but also eliminates pro-inflammatory stimuli and mitigates inflammatory responses. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of novel albumin-related inflammatory biomarkers for short-term mortality in patients with RHD. This retrospective dual-cohort study included 496 RHD patients from the MIMIC-IV database and 268 patients from Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality within 30 days. Cox proportional hazards regression, restricted cubic spline analysis, time-dependent ROC curves, and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were performed to assess the independent associations, dose-response relationships, discriminative ability, and incremental predictive value of each biomarker. RAR consistently demonstrated the strongest association with 30-day mortality across both cohorts. In fully adjusted Cox models, RAR remained significantly associated with mortality (MIMIC: HR 4.12, 95% CI 1.79-9.49; external validation: HR 3.20, 95% CI 1.25-8.23). RAR also showed significant positive linear dose-response relationships, achieved the highest time-dependent AUC, and provided significant incremental predictive value beyond SOFA, SAPS II, and OASIS in both cohorts (all IDI p < 0.05). LAR was protective in the validation cohort (HR 0.61, 95% CI 0.43-0.88), while NAR and PAR showed cohort-specific associations. MAR demonstrated limited prognostic value. RAR has been confirmed as the most reliable indicator for predicting 30-day mortality in RHD patients. It offers a simple, cost-effective tool for early risk stratification, particularly in resource-limited settings where RHD burden remains highest.

PMID 42661627
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PubMedFrontiers in aging neuroscience2026-08-27

Joint effects of leukocyte-albumin ratio and hypertension are associated with multidimensional cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease risk in older adults: evidence from NHANES and a clinical AD validation cohort.

Gao Pan P, Chu Yiming Y, Geng Mingjun M, Tian Nannan N et al.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis involves complex interactions between neuroinflammation and vascular dysfunction. While leukocyte-albumin ratio (LAR) and hypertension are independently linked to cognitive decline, their joint associations with multidimensional cognitive impairment and AD risk remain understudied. We analyzed two cohorts: 1,300 adults (≥ 60 years) from NHANES 2011-2014, and a clinical cohort (50 AD patients + 125 age-/gender-matched controls). LAR was calculated, hypertension was defined as per JNC7 criteria, and cognitive function was assessed via AD-sensitive tests standardized to z-scores. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression, multivariable linear regression, subgroup analysis, and Cox regression were used to examine LAR, hypertension, and their combined associations with cognitive outcomes. In the NHANES cohort, LAR was significantly correlated with DSST performance; participants with co-occurring high LAR + hypertension had lower scores across three cognitive domains, with age- (65-74 years) and sex-specific patterns and a 2.17-fold higher all-cause mortality risk. In the validation cohort, AD patients had higher LAR, with the highest LAR quartile linked to a 3.92-fold increased AD risk (p = 0.015). Our findings support an association between LAR, hypertension, and cognitive decline. Elevated LAR in conjunction with hypertension is associated with poorer cognitive performance across multiple domains in older adults, as observed in both the NHANES and a clinical AD cohort. As a low-cost, easily measurable biomarker, LAR may hold promise for early AD risk stratification in primary care, highlighting a potential target for combined anti-inflammatory and antihypertensive interventions. However, its modest discriminative ability (AUC = 0.61) indicates that LAR should not be used as a standalone diagnostic tool. Prospective longitudinal studies are warranted to validate these associations.

PMID 42656410
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PubMedJournal of clinical medicine2026-08-27

EarlyPostoperative Lactate-to-Preoperative Albumin Ratio with In-Hospital Mortality After Elective Colorectal Cancer Surgery: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.

Aslan Orhan O, Polat Mehmet Oğuzhan MO, Perçem Aşkın Kadir AK, Topcu Ramazan R et al.

Background: Risk stratification after colorectal cancer surgery remains challenging. We evaluated whether a perioperative ratio combining immediate postoperative lactate with preoperative albumin is associated with in-hospital mortality after elective colorectal resection. Methods: In this single-center retrospective cohort, 282 patients underwent open elective colorectal resection. The perioperative lactate-to-albumin ratio (LAR) was calculated as arterial lactate (mmol/L) divided by serum albumin (g/dL), and discrimination was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis with age-adjusted association by Firth's penalized logistic regression and fixed-model bootstrap validation. Results: Seventeen patients (6.0%) died in hospital, and mortality rose across LAR tertiles (2.1%, 5.3%, and 10.6%; p = 0.014). LAR showed moderate discrimination (AUC 0.73; 95% CI 0.58-0.87; optimism-corrected AUC 0.78), with no evidence of better discrimination than lactate or albumin alone. At the Youden threshold of 0.555, sensitivity was 76.5% and specificity 61.1%. The age-adjusted Firth odds ratio was 1.19 per 0.1-unit increase (95% CI 1.09-1.29). Conclusions: The perioperative lactate-to-albumin ratio was associated with in-hospital mortality after age adjustment in this single-center cohort. Given the small number of deaths and absence of external validation, LAR should be regarded as a candidate marker requiring prospective multicenter validation before clinical application.

PMID 42652806
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PubMedFrontiers in immunology2026-08-27

The prognostic significance of the lactate dehydrogenase-to-albumin ratio in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer patients receiving chemo-immunotherapy: a multicenter study.

Wu Xinwen X, Li Yi Y, Lou Jie J, Qie Shuai S et al.

The lactate dehydrogenase-to-albumin ratio (LAR) has been acknowledged as an independent prognostic factor for multiple diseases. However, its prognostic significance in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) remains ambiguous. This study aims to explore the influence of LAR on the prognosis of ES-SCLC patients undergoing ICIs combined with chemotherapy. A cohort of 628 patients with ES-SCLC who received ICIs from five hospitals underwent pre-treatment blood biochemical examinations. The overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed via Cox regression models and Kaplan-Meier survival curves. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was constructed to develop a nomogram based on independent prognostic factors. The predictive performance and clinical utility of the nomogram were evaluated using the area under the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA). LAR was identified as an independent prognostic factor influencing PFS and OS. Compared to low levels of LAR, elevated LAR is associated with shorter OS (HR = 4.97,95% CI: 3.32-7.45, P < 0.001) and PFS (HR = 3.02,95% CI: 2.17-4.21, P < 0.001). The ROC curve for OS prediction in the training set exhibited areas under the curve (AUCs) of 0.833 at 1 year and 0.874 at 2 years, whereas the internal validation set showed AUCs of 0.819 for 1- year OS and 0.891 for 2-year OS. The AUCs for 1-year PFS and 2-year PFS in the training set were 0.842 and 0.889, respectively, compared to 0.799 and 0.921 in the internal validation set. Calibration curves verified a good concordance between predicted and observed outcomes in both the training and internal validation sets. In the independent external test cohort, the calibration curve also demonstrated consistency between predicted and observed results. The AUCs for 1-year OS and 2-year OS in the external test set were 0.76 and 0.69. The AUCs for 1-year PFS and 2-year PFS in the external test set were 0.59 and 0.58. In patients with ES-SCLC receiving ICIs combined with chemotherapy, a high pre-treatment LAR was associated with worse clinical outcomes.

PMID 42656649
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