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sodium chondroitin sulfate (Uracyst / Uropol)

✓ Approved

Actavis · therapeutic agent

What is sodium chondroitin sulfate?

sodium chondroitin sulfate is a therapeutic agent developed by Actavis. It is approved for therapeutic indications via intravesical injection.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesUracyst, Uropol
CompanyActavis
RouteIntravesical Injection
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Actavis

Therapeutic Indications

sodium chondroitin sulfate is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Renal and urinary disordersUrinary tract inflammation✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedNature communications2026-10-15

Deciphering the mechanisms of macrophage polarization through comprehensive analysis of cellular and cell-surface protein glycosylation.

Xu Xing X, Wu Yue Y, Yin Kejun K, Wu Ronghu R

Targeting tumor-associated macrophages holds great promise for cancer immunotherapy. Surface glycoproteins in macrophages regulate their interactions with tumor cells and represent emerging therapeutic targets. Given the importance of glycoproteins in immunity and cancer, we systematically investigate the total and surface glycoproteomes in polarized macrophages using multiplexed proteomics coupled with selective enrichment. In monocyte-derived macrophages, distinct changes of N-glycoproteins are observed between M1 and M2 phenotypes, with more pronounced alterations in pro-inflammatory M1. In M1, glycoproteins involved in chondroitin sulfate-type glycosaminoglycan (CS-GAG) biosynthesis are upregulated, validated by the elevated CS-GAG levels, and enzymes associated with nucleotide sugar biosynthesis are also upregulated, consistent with the increased hexokinase activity. Furthermore, surface glycoproteomic analysis of primary human macrophages with M1 or M2 phenotype (HM1 and HM2) reveals phenotype-specific remodeling: HM1 display enhanced innate immune signaling, whereas surface glycoproteins related to adhesion and endocytosis are upregulated in HM2. Integrative analyses of cell-surface glycoproteomic, transcriptomic, and tissue-specific datasets enable prioritization of candidate surface proteins associated with M2 phenotype, including LIPA, CD200R1, and CR1, and phenotype-specific changes of several surface glycoproteins are validated by immunofluorescence imaging. Together, this study provides insights into macrophage functional specialization and advances our understanding of cell-surface glycoproteins.

PMID 42875461
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PubMedAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2026-10-15

Enteric ChAT-Expressing Neurons Mediate the Protective Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Xia Bing B, Sun Yuwei Y, Wang Jialin J, Liu Yike Y et al.

The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), yet how specific microbial components influence disease progression remains incompletely understood. Our study reveals that decreased abundance of Lactobacillus species correlates with ulcerative colitis severity in patients. Among tested strains, L. plantarum A736, isolated from traditional fermented foods, demonstrated protective effects in ameliorating dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in a mouse model. Strikingly, multi-omics analysis revealed that L. plantarum A736 uniquely enhances choline acetyltransferase-expressing (ChAT+) neurons in the enteric nervous system and elevates acetylcholine (ACh) levels. Further analysis identified that L. plantarum A736 metabolizes tryptophan to produce indole-3-lactic acid (ILA), and supplementation with ILA significantly mimics this strain's anti-inflammatory effects by restoring ChAT+ neurons and cholinergic signaling. Crucially, selective ablation of colonic ChAT+ neurons abolished the protective effect of both L. plantarum A736 and ILA, establishing their essential role in mediating these effects. These findings demonstrate that microbial metabolites can modulate enteric neuronal circuits to regulate gut immunity. The identified ILA-ChAT+ neuron axis represents a novel neuro-immune pathway that could be targeted for IBD treatment.

PMID 42876090
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PubMedEvidence-based dentistry2026-10-15

How do different topical fluoride applications affect salivary and plaque fluoride levels for young children with dental caries?

Timms Laura L, Marshman Zoe Z

Asavalertpalakorn C, Jirarattanasopha V, Nakornchai S, Horsophonphong S. Plaque and salivary fluoride levels in preschoolers following applications of silver diamine fluoride, sodium fluoride varnish, and their combination: a randomized clinical trial. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2026;36:81-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/ipd.70030 . A three-arm randomised controlled trial compared the salivary and plaque fluoride levels for young children, following application of different fluoride prevention and treatment procedures (silver diamine fluoride, sodium fluoride varnish and silver diamine fluoride and sodium fluoride varnish together), in child development centres in Thailand. Children aged 3-6 were selected who had at least one carious tooth reaching dentine in the primary dentition. Included children were considered healthy and co-operative. Children who had received professional fluoride application within the last three months were excluded, or those with a known allergy to any component. Twenty children were randomised to each group. Group 1 received silver diamine fluoride application (1 drop) to dentinal carious lesions; group 2 received sodium fluoride varnish application (0.25 ml) to all erupted primary teeth; group 3 received both the silver diamine fluoride and sodium fluoride varnish interventions. Fluoride applications were not applied to pulpally involved teeth. Plaque and saliva samples were collected at baseline (prior to fluoride application), at 5, 30 and 60 minutes, and at 24 and 48 hours. Kruskal-Wallis and Friedman tests were used to compare the 3 groups at the various time points. A Bonferroni correction was applied to account for the multiple comparisons. In total, 60 children were randomised, data were analysed for 50 children's salivary samples and 49 children's plaque samples. The mean age was 3.7 months, with children having a mean of 7.6 decayed, missing or filled teeth. At the shorter-term (5, 30 and 60 minute) time points, the salivary fluoride levels were significantly higher in the sodium fluoride varnish alone and silver diamine fluoride with sodium fluoride varnish groups than in the silver diamine fluoride alone group. There was no difference in the silver diamine fluoride with sodium fluoride varnish and sodium fluoride varnish alone groups for both salivary and plaque fluoride levels. Considering fluoride levels in plaque, the sodium fluoride varnish group had significantly higher levels at 5 and 60 minutes than the silver diamine fluoride group and the silver diamine fluoride with sodium fluoride varnish group was significantly higher at 30 and 60 minutes in comparison to silver diamine fluoride alone. At 60 minutes, the silver diamine fluoride and sodium fluoride varnish groups had returned to baseline; this was at 24 hours for the silver diamine fluoride with sodium fluoride varnish group for salivary fluoride. For plaque levels, the return to baseline was at 60 minutes for the silver diamine fluoride group, and 24 hours for the sodium fluoride varnish and silver diamine fluoride with sodium fluoride varnish groups. Children receiving sodium fluoride varnish and silver diamine fluoride had higher plaque and salivary fluoride levels than those treated with silver diamine fluoride alone in the short term. Plaque and salivary fluoride levels returned to baseline at 24 hours for all groups.

PMID 42875550
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PubMedFrontiers in medicine2026-10-15

Risk factors for recurrent variceal bleeding after TIPS in cirrhotic patients with esophagogastric variceal hemorrhage: a single-center retrospective study.

Chen Zhiliang Z, Gou Yi Y, Li Wenke W, Yu Daowu D et al.

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) effectively reduces portal pressure but post-procedural rebleeding remains a major clinical challenge. Risk factors for rebleeding are not fully defined. This single-center retrospective cohort study included 114 cirrhotic patients who underwent TIPS for EGVB (2019-2024). Patients were categorized into rebleeding (n = 35) and non-rebleeding (n = 79) groups based on 1-year post-TIPS rebleeding. Clinical, laboratory, procedural, prior endoscopic treatment history and follow-up data were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify risk factors. Cumulative rebleeding incidence was compared between serum sodium groups (<135 vs. ≥135 mmol/L) using Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank test. The 1-year rebleeding rate was 30.7% (35/114). Multivariate Cox regression identified lower serum sodium (HR = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.77-0.93; P < 0.001) and shunt dysfunction (HR = 4.60; 95% CI: 2.21-9.58; P < 0.001) as independent risk factors for rebleeding. Stent type was not independently associated after adjustment. The low sodium group (<135 mmol/L) showed a significantly higher cumulative rebleeding incidence than the high sodium group (log-rank P = 0.041). Conclusion: Serum sodium preoperatively and post-TIPS shunt dysfunction are independent risk factors for 1-year rebleeding. Optimizing serum sodium preoperatively and implementing regular surveillance for shunt dysfunction may help reduce rebleeding risk in these patients.

PMID 42876481
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PubMedAngewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)2026-10-15

Rotation-Coupled Guest Anions Stabilize Polymer Solid-State Sodium-Metal Batteries.

Li Yi Y, Wang Lifeng L, Ling Fangxin F, Wang Ziyang Z et al.

Polymer solid-state sodium-metal batteries are constrained by sluggish Na+ migration and unstable sodium-metal interfaces, both of which are closely associated with poorly regulated solvation chemistry. Here we report a rotation-coupled guest-anion strategy in a poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)-based solid-state electrolyte (PHSE) using Mg(OTf)2. Mg2+ preferentially coordinates DMF and TFSI-, weakening Na+-TFSI- association and limiting solvent-derived reactions at the sodium metal anode. OTf- enters the Na+ solvation shell as a mobile guest anion. Its C─S rotational axis and equivalent oxygen coordination sites allow conformational rotation to synchronize with Na+ hopping along polymer chains. This anchor-rotator chemistry reorganizes Na+ coordination, lowers the migration barrier, and promotes an inorganic-rich, Mg─O-containing interphase. The optimized electrolyte enables Na3V2(PO4)3||Na cells to retain 94.2% capacity after 1100 cycles at 2C and supports a 94 mAh pouch cell with stable cycling. It also enables high-voltage Na3V2(PO4)2O2F||Na cells to retain 93.6% capacity after 1000 cycles at 0.5C over 2.5-4.2 V. Comparative evaluation across a total of 20 polymer electrolyte systems with varied polymer matrices and anion structures identifies anion symmetry, rotational periodicity, and finite rotational barriers as molecular criteria for designing stable polymer solid-state sodium-metal batteries.

PMID 42875829
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PubMedFrontiers in veterinary science2026-10-15

Comparative analysis of feeding probiotic and exogenous buffer on growth performance, nutrient utilization, blood biochemistry, rumen fermentation pattern and carcass characteristics of crossbred lambs reared under feedlot.

Sahib Qazi Shehriyar QS, Ahmed Haidar Ali HA, Aafaq Ifla I, Farooq Javid J et al.

Feedlot nutrition is formulated to maximize growth rate and feed efficiency for high-quality meat production; however, high-grain diets can disrupt rumen function and cause digestive disorders, the inclusion of non-nutritive feed additives helps counter these effects, thereby enhancing growth performance and overall feed efficiency. The present study was carried out to delineate the effect of feeding Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain 1,026 as probiotic and sodium bicarbonate as exogenous buffer on performance of feedlot crossbred lambs. Fifteen crossbred lambs were selected and divided equally into three treatment groups viz., FT, FT-P and FT-SB. In FT group, animals were fed feedlot diet only; while in FT-P and FT-SB groups, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and sodium bicarbonate were offered as feed additives, respectively. A 74-days feeding trial was conducted, including 10-days metabolism trial at the end. No effect (p > 0.05) was observed in dry matter intake (DMI), body weight indices, feed conversion ratio (FCR), digestibility coefficients of nutrients and haemato-biochemical parameters. Rumen pH was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in FT-P group than FT group. Dressing percentage showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher values in FT-P group. The present experiment validates that feeding of Saccharomyces cerevisiae had more beneficial effect than sodium bicarbonate feeding on the performance of feedlot lambs.

PMID 42876503
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