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paclitaxel (PNP, Dabur / DO/NDR/02 / PNP, Dabur)

✓ Approved

Fresenius Kabi · TUBB · Small Molecule

What is paclitaxel?

paclitaxel is a small molecule developed by Fresenius Kabi. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or intravenous (iv).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesPNP, Dabur, DO/NDR/02, PNP, Dabur
CompanyFresenius Kabi
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
Molecular TargetTUBB
RouteInjectable (Others), Intravenous (IV)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Fresenius Kabi

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

paclitaxel acts on 1 molecular target:

TUBBtubulin beta class I (TUBB1, CSCSC1)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

paclitaxel is developed for 4 unique indications across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)Breast cancer✓ Approved
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)Non-small cell lung cancer stage IV✓ Approved
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)Ovarian cancer✓ Approved
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)Non-small cell lung cancer metastatic✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026-07-17

TAOK3 inhibition constrains invasion, potentiates paclitaxel, and reprograms the tumor microenvironment toward anti-tumor immunity in cervical cancer.

Iden Marissa M, Schmidt Rachel R, Mohammed Rameesa Darul Amne Syed RDAS, Dlugi Theresa A TA et al.

TAOK3 is a lesser-studied MAPK family serine/threonine kinase our group has shown to be targeted by HPV integration, suggesting a potential role in driving invasive cervical cancer (ICC). Here, we profiled TAOK3 expression in patient tumors, metastases, and cervical cancer models and localized TAOK3 within a tumor epithelial subpopulation by integrating two single-cell RNA-seq datasets. Functional consequences of TAOK3 loss were assessed with siRNA and CRISPRi in cell lines and 3D spheroids. In vivo effects were evaluated in intracervical xenografts with species-specific RNA-seq to resolve tumor versus microenvironmental responses. TAOK3 mRNA/protein were elevated in primary and metastatic ICC and primarily localized to a keratin-positive epithelial subset (T3epi) enriched for cadherin/S100 binding, vesicle/endocytic pathways, and leading-edge programs. TAOK3 silencing reprogrammed transcriptomes and proteomes toward reduced WNT/cell-cycle and motility signaling, altered endocytosis and cytoskeleton organization, and reshaped phospho-networks linked to chromatin remodeling and ERBB2-ERBB3/cytoskeletal kinase activity. Functionally, TAOK3 inhibition prolonged G2/M, suppressed invasion, and enhanced sensitivity to low dose paclitaxel. Prolonged inactivation induced methuosis-like cell death with extracellular ATP release. In xenografts, TAOK3 knockdown reduced tumor burden, downregulated KRT14 -a leader cell marker-within the human tumor compartment, and enriched microenvironmental pathways for immune activation, with a specific decrease in CD206+ M2 macrophages. TAOK3 delineates an invasion-competent epithelial state in ICC and coordinates cell-cycle control, cytoskeleton-membrane dynamics, and tumor-immune crosstalk. Genetic or pharmacologic TAOK3 inhibition constrains tumor growth, potentiates paclitaxel, and remodels the microenvironment toward anti-tumor immunity, supporting TAOK3 as a potential therapeutic target and biomarker in ICC. TAOK3 marks an invasion-competent epithelial subpopulation in cervical cancer. TAOK3 inhibition slows tumor growth, enhances chemoresponse, and reduces M2 macrophages, revealing TAOK3 as a potential therapeutic target and biomarker for patient stratification.

PMID 42465316
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PubMedJournal of the American Heart Association2026-07-17

Paclitaxel Efficacy in Dialysis-Dependent Peripheral Artery Disease: A National Cohort Analysis.

Huang Chen-Yu CY, Wu Hsu-Ping HP, Chung Wen-Jung WJ, Hsueh Shu-Kai SK et al.

Patients undergoing dialysis have a significant risk of peripheral artery disease, limb amputation, and mortality. Paclitaxel-coated devices (PCDs) are used to reduce restenosis after endovascular therapy, but their safety and efficacy in a dialysis-dependent population remain unclear. We aimed to evaluate the association between PCDs and major clinical outcomes in patients with maintenance dialysis undergoing endovascular therapy for symptomatic peripheral artery disease. We conducted a nationwide retrospective cohort analysis using the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. Patients under dialysis receiving endovascular therapy between May 2016 and December 2022 were included. Patients were categorized into PCD and non-PCD groups during the index procedure. Propensity score matching was performed to balance baseline characteristics. The primary outcome was defined as the composite of lower limb amputation or all-cause mortality. Cardiovascular outcomes and clinical-driven reintervention were secondary outcomes. Among 10 235 eligible patients, 1169 (11.4%) received PCDs. After 1:3 matching, 1160 and 3480 patients in the PCD and non-PCD groups were analyzed. PCD use was associated with a significantly lower risk of the primary outcome (47.6% versus 52.2%; hazard ratio [HR], 0.85 [95% CI, 0.77-0.93]). Risks of amputation (20.7% versus 23.8%; subdistribution HR, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.73-0.97]) and all-cause mortality (35.9% versus 38.9%; HR, 0.87 [95% CI, 0.78-0.97]) were also significantly lower with PCD use. Cardiovascular outcomes and clinical-driven reintervention were similar between groups. Use of PCD in dialysis-dependent patients undergoing endovascular therapy for peripheral artery disease was associated with reduced risk of the composite outcome of amputation and all-cause mortality.

PMID 42466503
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PubMedCase reports in obstetrics and gynecology2026-07-17

Ovary Preservation for Cervical Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma in an 8-Year-Old Girl: A Novel Approach.

Wang Lin L, Hu Weiguo W, Zhang Jinqiu J, Sun Angang A et al.

Cervical clear cell adenocarcinoma is a rare malignancy in adolescents and young girls. Since the prescription of diethylstilbestrol (DES) was banned in 1971, only 11 cases have been reported in girls under 10 years in the literature. However, treatment with ovary preservation has not been reported. Here, we report an 8-year-old prepubertal girl without a history of exposure to DES who was diagnosed with cervical clear cell adenocarcinoma. Hysterectomy and unilateral oophorectomy were performed. The remaining ovary was transposed to the left iliac fossa to preserve ovarian function for the future. Additionally, ovarian cortical tissue from the removed ovary was cryopreserved. Chemotherapy, including paclitaxel and carboplatin, was started after surgery for four cycles via an implantable venous access port. Additionally, genetic analysis did not identify any known gene mutations in the tumour tissue.

PMID 42466232
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PubMedInternational journal of clinical and experimental pathology2026-07-17

Rare tongue base metastasis from SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated non-small cell lung carcinoma: a case report.

Liu Xinbo X, Huang Suning S, Jiang Wei W

SMARCA4-deficient non-small cell lung cancer (SMARCA4-dNSCLC) is a rare, aggressive subtype with a high propensity for early metastasis and poor prognosis. Common metastatic sites include the bone, brain, adrenal glands, liver, and spleen; metastasis to the base of the tongue, however, is exceptionally rare. We present a unique case of SMARCA4-dNSCLC with concurrent metastases to both the adrenal gland and the base of the tongue. A 44-year-old male presented with cough and shortness of breath. Imaging revealed a right hilar mass, a left adrenal gland mass, and a nodule at the right tongue base. Histopathological examination of biopsies from the tongue base and mediastinal lymph nodes confirmed the diagnosis of SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated NSCLC with metastases (T3N2M1c, stage IVB). Following a multidisciplinary discussion, the patient received combination therapy with paclitaxel, cisplatin, and tislelizumab. After three cycles, a partial response (PR) was achieved. The treatment was well-tolerated without significant adverse events, and the patient's condition remained stable with no signs of recurrence. This case highlights the unusual co-occurrence of a common (adrenal) and a rare (tongue base) metastatic site in SMARCA4-dNSCLC, which posed considerable diagnostic challenges. It expands the known clinical spectrum of this malignancy and underscores the importance of recognizing its rare metastatic patterns to guide accurate diagnosis and treatment.

PMID 42466208
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PubMedbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026-07-17

VESTA: Machine Learning-Enabled Estimation of ViscoElastic Ratios from On-Axis Spatio-Temporal ARFI Features.

Trisha Simina Mannan SM, Rahman Md Ashiqur MA, Hassan Md Walid MW, Gi Young Jin YJ et al.

Viscoelastic characterization of tissue has significant diagnostic value in oncology, as tumor progression alters both elasticity and viscosity in ways that neither property alone can fully capture. Existing acoustic radiation force (ARF)-based methods such as Viscoelastic Response (VisR) ultrasound estimate relative elasticity and viscosity through per-A-line nonlinear model fitting, which is computationally intensive and requires auxiliary simulations to correct elasticity-dependent bias. This work presents VESTA (Machine Learning-Enabled Estimation of ViscoElastic Ratios from On-Axis Spatio-Temporal ARFI Features), a two-stage data-driven pipeline that predicts elasticity ratio (ER) and viscosity ratio (VR) directly from seven normalized ARFI displacement features at the A-line level, without model fitting or compensation. Stage 1 is an MLP classifier that detects inclusion boundaries from normalized peak displacement and negative peak velocity ratios; Stage 2 is a dilated Conv1D regression model that estimates ER and VR along the full axial sequence using the predicted mask alongside displacement features. The pipeline was trained on 500 simulated inclusion scenarios spanning three geometries, five focal depths, two F-numbers, and a broad range of material contrasts. In silico, mean predicted ER and VR were within 12% of ground truth across all geometries, with performance best when ER and VR were moderate or decoupled. Experimental validation on a chicken breast phantom demonstrated plausible generalization to real tissue heterogeneity. Applied to an in vivo murine 4T1 breast cancer model, the pipeline tracked treatment-related attenuation of mechanical contrast in paclitaxel-treated tumors relative to controls over a 36-day imaging period, supporting its relevance for tumor monitoring.

PMID 42465280
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PubMedEuropean journal of vascular and endovascular surgery : the official journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery2026-07-16

Impact of Paclitaxel Coated Devices on Limb Salvage and Target Vessel Revascularisation Rates following Isolated Femoropopliteal or Infrapopliteal Endovascular Revascularisation for Chronic Limb Threatening Ischaemia: Insights from the SWEDEPAD 1 Trial.

Le Corvec Tom T, Falkenberg Mårten M, Gillgren Peter P, James Stefan S et al.

In the SWEDEPAD 1 trial, paclitaxel coated devices for infrainguinal endovascular revascularisation in chronic limb threatening ischaemia (CLTI) did not improve limb salvage compared with uncoated devices. However, the influence of lesion location on trial outcomes has not previously been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate their impact in isolated femoropopliteal and infrapopliteal lesions. This was a prespecified subgroup analysis of SWEDEPAD 1, a pragmatic, multicentre, registry based, randomised controlled trial comparing paclitaxel coated vs. uncoated devices in infrainguinal revascularisation for CLTI. Patients with Rutherford category 4 - 6 CLTI treated exclusively in the femoropopliteal or infrapopliteal segment were included; those treated in both segments at the same session were excluded. Ipsilateral major amputation and target vessel re-intervention (TVR) rates were assessed at 1, 5, and up to 10 years using Kaplan-Meier estimates and adjusted Cox regression. The trial was pre-registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02051088). Among 1 778 patients, 1 241 were treated in the femoropopliteal and 537 in the infrapopliteal segment. Paclitaxel coated devices did not improve limb salvage irrespective of vessel segment treated. At 1 year, the TVR cause specific hazard ratio (HR) was 0.73 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.56 - 0.96) in the femoropopliteal segment and 1.04 (95% CI 0.67 - 1.62) in the infrapopliteal segment. No statistically significant TVR treatment vs. subgroup interactions were observed at 1 year (p = .19), 5 years (p = .41), or during full follow up (p = .49). The composite outcome of ipsilateral limb amputation or TVR did not indicate a benefit at 1 year in the femoropopliteal segment (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.67 - 1.04). Paclitaxel coated and uncoated devices showed similar limb salvage rates across all infrainguinal segments. The apparent one year TVR advantage with paclitaxel coated devices in the femoropopliteal segment was not supported by interaction analysis and was not robust in a net clinical benefit composite endpoint including both TVR and ipsilateral major amputation.

PMID 42456888
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