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clotrimazole + betamethasone (Flotiran / Lotrisone / Lotricomb)

✓ Approved

Merck & Co. · NR3C1 · Small Molecule

What is clotrimazole + betamethasone?

clotrimazole + betamethasone is a small molecule developed by Merck & Co.. It is approved for therapeutic indications via unknown.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesFlotiran, Lotrisone, Lotricomb
CompanyMerck & Co.
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
Molecular TargetNR3C1,
RouteUnknown
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Merck & Co.

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

clotrimazole + betamethasone acts on 2 molecular targets:

NR3C1nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 (GR, GCCR)
sterol demethylase, Candida albicans (ERG11)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

clotrimazole + betamethasone is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Infections and infestationsWound infection fungal✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedCureus2026-08-29

Two Cases of Posner-Schlossman Syndrome With the Detection of Human Herpesvirus 6 DNA in the Aqueous Humor.

Fukushima Atsuki A, Wakuda Hiroyuki H, Tabuchi Hitoshi H

Posner-Schlossman syndrome (PSS) is one of the disorders characterized by the acute elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP). Because cytomegalovirus (CMV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV) have been detected in the aqueous humor of patients with PSS, a viral etiology has long been suspected. We encountered two patients with PSS in whom a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of aqueous humor detected human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) DNA. Both patients presented with elevated IOP and anterior chamber inflammation. Treatment with topical betamethasone and topical ganciclovir resulted in the normalization of IOP and the resolution of anterior chamber inflammation. Previous reports have suggested an association between uveitis and HHV-6 infection. Therefore, HHV-6 may also play a role in the pathogenesis of Posner-Schlossman syndrome.

PMID 42666687
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PubMedMedical mycology case reports2026-08-28

Onychomycosis caused by Syncephalastrum species in a patient with Crohn's Disease in Iraq: A case report.

Saadullah Asia Am AA, Kwizera Richard R

Onychomycosis is one of the most common nail disorders worldwide and is predominantly caused by dermatophytes; however, infections caused by non-dermatophyte molds are increasingly recognized as important causes of nail disease. We present a case of a 41-year-old male from Duhok, Iraq, with a 15-year history of Crohn's Disease. He presented with progressive discoloration, nail thickening, nail deformity, pain while walking and brittleness of the affected nail that had persisted for several months. He was diagnosed with onychomycosis due to Syncephalastrum species, confirmed by KOH microscopy and characteristic culture morphology. Molecular confirmation was not available to identify to the species level. The fungus was sensitive to itraconazole, nystatin, clotrimazole, amphotericin B, miconazole, and ketoconazole, but showed resistance to fluconazole and voriconazole. He was successfully treated using IV amphotericin B, topical clotrimazole, and nail surgery. This case demonstrates that Syncephalastrum species can cause clinically significant onychomycosis and should not automatically be dismissed as laboratory contaminants. A combination of clinical assessment, direct microscopy, culture-based identification, and antifungal susceptibility testing is essential for establishing diagnosis and guiding appropriate management.

PMID 42662872
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PubMedPharmacoepidemiology and drug safety2026-08-28

Corticosteroid Use and In-Hospital Mortality in Patients With Brain Abscess: A Target Trial Emulation.

Anno Takayuki T, Fukasawa Toshiki T, Kawakami Koji K

Corticosteroids are sometimes administered to patients with severe brain edema associated with brain abscess. However, no studies have used methods that appropriately account for time-varying covariates and immortal time to evaluate the impact of intravenous corticosteroid use on in-hospital mortality. Therefore, we aimed to address these limitations and estimate the impact on in-hospital mortality using a target trial emulation framework. We identified patients admitted with brain abscess, not caused by head trauma or neurosurgical interventions, from two large-scale hospital-based databases in Japan between 2014 and 2024. We compared two treatment strategies: Strategy 1 was initiation of intravenous dexamethasone or betamethasone administration within 7 days after admission and continuing for at least 3 consecutive days; Strategy 2 was no intravenous corticosteroid use throughout hospitalization. Using a clone-censor-weight approach, we estimated the 60-day in-hospital mortality. A total of 627 patients met the eligibility criteria. Overall, 34 patients (5.4%) died within 60 days. The estimated total effect of treatment strategy on 60-day all-cause in-hospital death was 4.8% (95% CI, 1.1-9.2) for Strategy 1, and 4.6% (95% CI, 2.9-6.6) for Strategy 2, corresponding to a risk ratio of 1.04 (95% CI, 0.26-2.08) and risk difference of 0.2% (95% CI, -3.3 to 4.3). No clear difference in 60-day in-hospital mortality between the two treatment strategies; however, the wide confidence intervals indicate that clinically important benefit or harm could not be excluded. This study's framework may guide future studies using more granular data.

PMID 42663102
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PubMedRSC advances2026-08-27

Betamethasone-loaded poly(1,4-butylene carbonate) film: a potential material for repairing tympanic membrane perforations.

Wu Linrong L, Shen Yiming Y, Zhang Xiaoqin X, Yan Jiangyu J et al.

This study aimed to investigate the potential of poly(1,4-butylene carbonate) (PBC) films loaded with betamethasone for repairing tympanic membrane (TM) perforations. Drug-loaded PBC films were fabricated via a precise solvent casting method. Comprehensive characterization and biological assessments were conducted on the resultant films. In vitro assays demonstrated that the betamethasone-loaded PBC films possessed optimal physicochemical properties and significantly promoted cell viability. In vivo subcutaneous implantation studies revealed negligible hemolytic activity and confirmed the favorable biocompatibility and biodegradability of the composite films. Furthermore, a rat acute TM perforation model verified the superior morphological repair efficacy of the 1 wt% betamethasone-loaded PBC membrane. Collectively, these results highlight the potential of betamethasone-loaded PBC films as biomaterials for the morphological reconstruction of damaged tympanic membranes. Notably, all the observations in this work have come from evaluating only the structural repair of the TM; auditory functional tests, including ABR and tympanometry, have not been included, and we have made no claims regarding hearing recovery.

PMID 42657187
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PubMedPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2026-08-27

Etoricoxib-Betamethasone Combination Attenuates Inflammatory Nociception and Edema in Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis via Cytokine and Macrophage Axis Modulation.

Pérez-Urizar José J, Torres-Roque Irma I, Rangel-Ramírez Velia Verónica VV, Castillo-Enriquez Juan Pablo JP et al.

Background/Objectives: Acute inflammatory episodes demand rapid symptom control while limiting systemic exposure. We assessed whether co-therapy with the selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor etoricoxib and the corticosteroid betamethasone provides antinociceptive and anti-edema activity in a rat model with complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA). Methods: Male Wistar rats (n = 10/group) were allocated to seven groups: Intact, AIA disease control, indomethacin 5 mg/kg, etoricoxib 8 mg/kg, betamethasone 0.022 mg/kg, low-dose combination (4 + 0.011 mg/kg), and full-dose combination (8 + 0.022 mg/kg), administered orally once daily from Days 4 to 28. Paw edema, von Frey withdrawal thresholds, and clinical arthritis score were assessed longitudinally as area under the curve (AUC) values. Terminal joint tissues were profiled for cytokines, prostaglandin pathway mediators, and immune cell markers. Results: Both combinations reduced edema and improved mechanical thresholds. The full-dose combination exceeded either monotherapy regarding mechanical sensitivity and the arthritis index, consistent with additive activity. The low-dose combination matched full-dose monotherapies, consistent with a dose-reduction effect. Biomarker shifts indicated attenuated prostaglandin signaling and a pro-resolving cytokine balance. Conclusions: These findings support the further evaluation of etoricoxib-betamethasone co-therapy for acute inflammatory conditions.

PMID 42653732
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PubMedInternational journal of molecular sciences2026-08-27

From Physicochemical Properties to Rehabilitation Outcomes: Understanding Corticosteroid Injection Adverse Effects.

Pirri Carmelo C, Manocchio Nicola N, Sorbino Andrea A, Napoleoni Valeria V et al.

Corticosteroid injections (CSIs) are widely used in Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, but their safety profile is strongly influenced by the formulation-specific chemical structure and physicochemical properties of each molecule, as well as by injection technique and dosing strategy. Particulate corticosteroids such as triamcinolone acetonide and methylprednisolone acetate exhibit low aqueous solubility, microcrystal formation, and prolonged intra-articular residence, which translate into sustained anti-inflammatory effects but also higher risks of chondrotoxicity, calcifications, tendinopathy, cutaneous and muscular atrophy, osteonecrosis, nerve injury, infection, and post-injection flare, especially with repeated or high-dose use. In contrast, more soluble preparations like betamethasone and dexamethasone sodium phosphate provide rapid onset and shorter duration of action, with reduced local depot-related complications but a greater propensity for transient systemic effects such as glycemic spikes. Across adverse events, less soluble, longer-acting formulations and inaccurate extra-articular delivery consistently emerge as key drivers of local tissue damage. Ultrasound guidance significantly improves injection accuracy, optimizes drug deposition of both particulate and non-particulate agents, and may enhance clinical outcomes while limiting complications, thereby representing a relevant component of CSI practice. In conclusion, this narrative review proposes a formulation-oriented framework for corticosteroid selection, integrating pharmaceutical formulation, physicochemical properties, imaging guidance, and individualized rehabilitation strategies to optimize molecule selection, minimize adverse effects, and advance a precision rehabilitation paradigm.

PMID 42653418
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