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influenza vaccine

✓ Approved

LG Chem Ltd. · · Vaccine

What is influenza vaccine?

influenza vaccine is a vaccine developed by LG Chem Ltd.. It is approved for therapeutic indications via inhaled or injectable (others) or intramuscular (im) injection.

Drug Profile

CompanyLG Chem Ltd.
Drug ClassVaccine, Large Molecules
Molecular Target, ,
RouteInhaled, Injectable (Others), Intramuscular (IM) Injection
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, LG Chem Ltd.

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

influenza vaccine acts on 3 molecular targets:

(M1)
(HA)
(neuraminidase, influenza A virus)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Related Research Articles

PubMedCaspian journal of internal medicine2026-08-30

Viral respiratory infections and their co-occurrence among patients hospitalized in Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital, Babol, 2021-2024.

Firouzjahi Alireza A, Rouhi Samaneh S, Ranaee Mohammad M, Ahmadnia Zahra Z et al.

Vaccination has reduced the viral respiratory diseases in the community, but it has not ended. This study was conducted to determine the distribution of COVID-19, the influenza virus, and the human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). This retrospective, descriptive-analytical study was conducted based on patient file information in Babol City (2021-2024). Clinical examination of the patient, computed tomography (CT), and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to identify the viruses in 10,567 patients. Mean, standard deviation (SD), distribution (%), and logistic regression were used to analyze the data using SPSS-23 (p<0.05). 83.34% and 16.65% of patients suffered from COVID-19 (12.95% ≥ 50 years old) and influenza (15.42%, ≤ 50 years old), respectively. The most underlying diseases were related to cardiovascular disease (17.47%). Female patients suspected of COVID-19 (females; 14.14% versus (vs) males; 11.87%) and influenza (females; 14.90% vs males; 15.62%) were more than male patients. COVID-19 (12.91%) and influenza (15.27%) in 2022 and 2023 showed a high distribution, respectively. Co-occurrence of COVID-19 and influenza was observed in one female. Gender, season, and year (each with a P-value of P=0.00) was associated in this descriptive analysis with the distribution of COVID-19. A significant relationship between season and year with the distribution of influenza was observed. A high distribution of COVID-19 was diagnosed among patients. Gender and year of study had a significant effect on COVID-19. Diagnosis and differentiation of the viral agent by molecular methods should be performed in a patient.

PMID 42668995
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PubMedKidney medicine2026-08-30

COVID-19 Vaccine Knowledge, Practice, and Attitudes Among Hemodialysis Patients in Egypt, Kenya, and Cameroon: A Multicenter Study.

Elsayed Enass E, Kotb Khaled M KM, Heiba Ahmed A, Elhussini Manal Shaker MS et al.

Patients receiving hemodialysis (HD) are at increased risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and were prioritized for vaccination, yet vaccine hesitancy remains common. We assessed COVID-19 vaccine knowledge, acceptance, and attitudes among patients receiving HD in Egypt, Kenya, and Cameroon and identified factors associated with vaccine acceptance, prior infection, willingness to receive future doses, and postvaccination complications. Multicenter cross-sectional survey study. Between March 2021 and April 2022, 765 patients receiving maintenance HD and 196 non-dialysis controls were recruited from dialysis centers in Egypt, Kenya, and Cameroon. Sociodemographic characteristics, clinical comorbidities, prior COVID-19, sources of vaccine information, and exposure to vaccinated or infected relatives. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, willingness to receive future doses, prior infection, and post-vaccination complications. Structured questionnaires assessed knowledge, practices, and attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination. Multivariable logistic regression identified factors independently associated with study outcomes. Vaccine acceptance was lower among patients receiving HD than nondialysis controls (58.2% vs 96.2%). Fear of side effects was the most common reason for refusal (39.3%). Postvaccination complications were less frequent among patients receiving HD (22.3% vs 44.3%). Hesitancy was more common among women, younger participants, and those with comorbidities or no prior COVID-19. Having vaccinated or previously infected relatives was associated with a greater willingness to receive future doses. Cross-sectional design limits causal inference. Nonprobability sampling and unmatched controls may limit generalizability. COVID-19 cases may have been underreported because of limited testing. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among patients receiving HD is driven by fear, misinformation, and sociodemographic factors. Targeted education and improved access to reliable vaccine information may help increase uptake in this population.

PMID 42668537
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PubMedThe Journal of reproduction and development2026-08-30

Seasonal reproductive and metabolic changes in male Pacific white-sided dolphins (Aethalodelphis obliquidens).

Shirakata Chika C, Sumi Miyuki M, Yamamoto Yuki Y, Nagaoka Kentaro K

Seasonal reproductive dynamics were investigated in two adult male Pacific white-sided dolphins (Aethalodelphis obliquidens, formerly Lagenorhynchus obliquidens) maintained at the Enoshima Aquarium over a two-year period (December 2018-November 2020). Serum testosterone (T), testicular cross-sectional area (TS), and pixel intensity (PI), an index of testicular echogenicity, were measured along with rectal body temperature at two depths (shallow, 15 cm; deep, 30 cm). Untargeted serum metabolomic profiling was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In both individuals, T showed a clear seasonal pattern, with elevations lasting approximately one month during spring and summer, followed by prolonged increases in TS (approximately three months) and PI (three-four months). This temporal sequence was consistent across both years of observation. The T, TS, PI, and photoperiod were strongly and positively correlated with one another (Spearman's rs > 0.74, P < 0.01). Shallow-body temperature varied seasonally with water temperature, whereas deep-body temperature remained relatively stable. GC-MS detected 131 metabolites, and partial least squares discriminant analysis revealed a separation between high-T (> 10 ng/ml) and low-T (< 1 ng/ml) states. The four metabolites with the highest variable importance in projection scores were myoinositol, palmitoleic acid, L-tyrosine, and L-phenylalanine. Myoinositol and palmitoleic acid were positively correlated with the reproductive indices, whereas L-tyrosine and L-phenylalanine were negatively correlated, suggesting coordinated shifts in inositol, lipid, and amino acid metabolism during reproductive activation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to integrate endocrine, ultrasonographic, thermal, and metabolomic approaches to characterize male reproductive seasonality in this species.

PMID 42669493
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PubMedEMBO molecular medicine2026-08-30

A cavity-reduced prefusion RSV F bivalent vaccine elicits durable and protective immunity.

Liu Lijie L, Yan Mengrong M, Liang Ruoxu R, Wu Qingxin Q et al.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) remains a major cause of severe respiratory disease, and stabilization of the prefusion (preF) conformation of the F glycoprotein is central for vaccine development. Here, we report a structure-guided engineering strategy that enhances preF stability by reducing the hydrophobic cavity within the trimeric F protein. Targeted modifications at metastability-associated sites generated RVF-88, a disulfide-free stabilized preF immunogen that preserves key neutralizing epitopes, including antigenic site Ø, while exhibiting improved structural integrity and long-term storage stability. Formulated as an unadjuvanted bivalent vaccine, RVF-88 elicited potent neutralizing antibody responses and durable immune protection lasting up to 5 months in mice. Vaccination also protected both mice and cotton rats against RSV challenge. Structural analyses confirmed the intended cavity-reduction design, revealing a reduced apical hydrophobic cavity volume and surface area while maintaining the prefusion architecture. Together, these findings establish hydrophobic cavity reduction as a rational strategy for stabilizing prefusion RSV F and provide a promising next-generation vaccine candidate with improved stability and immunogenicity for further clinical development.

PMID 42668284
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PubMedJapanese journal of infectious diseases2026-08-30

Immunogenicity and Safety of the 9-valent Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine Administered as 2-Dose or 3-Dose Regimens in Japanese Boys and Girls Aged 9-15 Years.

Takeuchi Yuzuru Y, Yonekawa Motoharu M, Murata Shinya S, Nakagomi Mariko M et al.

A phase III open-label study evaluated the immunogenicity and safety of the 9-valent human papillomavirus (9vHPV) vaccine in Japanese boys and girls. Japanese boys aged 9-15 years (n = 105) received a 3-dose (Day 1, Month 2, and Month 6) regimen; Japanese boys (n = 104) and girls aged 9-14 years (n = 105) received a 2-dose (Day 1 and Month 6) regimen. Antibody responses to HPV6/11/16/18/31/33/45/52/58 were assessed at Month 7, 18, and 30 using a competitive Luminex immunoassay. Injection-site adverse events (AEs; Days 1 to 5 post-dose), systemic AEs (Days 1 to 15 post-dose), and serious AEs (duration of study) were assessed. At Month 7, for HPV types targeted by the 9vHPV vaccine, seroconversion rates were 100% in all three arms, and in cross-study comparisons with efficacy studies, anti-HPV geometric mean titers in boys were noninferior to those in Japanese men aged 16-26 years, and in girls were noninferior to those in Japanese women aged 16-26 years. Most injection-site AEs were mild to moderate in intensity. No deaths or vaccine-related serious AEs were observed. These results support immunobridging of efficacy findings in Japanese men and women to Japanese boys and girls. The 9vHPV vaccine was generally well tolerated.

PMID 42669546
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PubMedVaccine2026-08-30

Ethical considerations of incentive structures in vaccine acceptance research.

Musrati Mohamed Amer MA, Shenaisheh Salem S, Elemraid Mohamed A MA

PMID 42669239
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