Drug Database
AL

aluminium hydroxide (Pangramin Depot)

✓ Approved

ALK-Abello · therapeutic agent

What is aluminium hydroxide?

aluminium hydroxide is a therapeutic agent developed by ALK-Abello. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or subcutaneous injection.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesPangramin Depot
CompanyALK-Abello
RouteInjectable (Others), Subcutaneous Injection
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, ALK-Abello

Therapeutic Indications

aluminium hydroxide is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disordersRhinitis allergic✓ Approved

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Peritoneal Metastasis in Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma Harboring EGFR Exon 19 Deletion/T790M with STRN::ALK Fusion and EGFR Kinase Domain Duplication: Two Case Reports and a Narrative Literature Summary.

Zhang Hao H, Han Jun J, Rong Feng F

Peritoneal metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma is rare and generally associated with poor prognosis. Here, we report two cases of advanced NSCLC with multiple metastases in which the patients developed rare peritoneal metastases during disease progression. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) revealed rare genomic alterations: one patient harbored concurrent EGFR exon 19 deletion and T790M mutation, accompanied by EGFR amplification, TP53 mutation, and STRN::ALK fusion, while the other exhibited EGFR kinase domain duplication and TP53 mutation. Both patients underwent multiple lines of systemic therapy, including targeted treatment guided by NGS results, and achieved survival exceeding six months following the diagnosis of peritoneal metastasis, with ongoing treatment at last follow-up. These observations suggest that more precise molecularly guided targeted therapy may play a crucial role in the clinical management of peritoneal metastasis.

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PubMedInternational journal of biological macromolecules2026-08-30

Temperature- and sodium-hydroxide-dependent regulation of single-helix curdlan conformations.

Yan Xiaoshuang X, Ru Geying G, Feng Jiwen J

Curdlan exhibits diverse biological activities. However, elucidating the structure-activity relationship of curdlan remains challenging owing to its conformational complexity and variability in well-defined systems. This study systematically examines the impact of temperature, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentration, and curdlan concentration on the single-helix conformation of curdlan. 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering, gel permeation chromatography, and dynamic light scattering analyses confirm that the single-helix conformation of curdlan is successfully formed in dilute (0.15 M-0.24 M) NaOH solutions within the temperature range of 35 °C-50 °C, whereas partial conversion to aggregated or mixed helical structures occurs at lower temperatures (5 °C-25 °C). 23Na NMR parameter variations reveal direct Na+ interactions with the random-coil or single-helix conformations of curdlan. NMR and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy experiments confirm that the single-helix structure of curdlan facilitates stable encapsulation of Congo red via supramolecular assembly at 35 °C-50 °C. This study provides new insights into the conformation-activity relationships of β-(1,3)-glucans.

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PubMedBMC oral health2026-08-30

Evaluation of activated irrigation techniques for the removal of calcium hydroxide from simulated internal root resorption cavities: an in vitro comparative study.

Mohamed Amira Shafie Ibrahim ASI, Fayyad Dalia Mohamed Mukhtar DMM, Abd-Allah Mohamed Dalia D

This study aimed to compare the calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)₂] removal efficiency of six irrigation‑activation techniques and conventional syringe irrigation (control) from simulated internal root‑resorptive cavities in vitro. Seventy single-rooted human teeth were standardized to a length of 18 mm, prepared, and split longitudinally. A standardized hemispherical resorptive cavity was created in each root half; the halves were then reassembled and filled with premixed Ca(OH)₂. Specimens were incubated for 7 days and randomly allocated (n = 10) to seven groups: (1) conventional syringe irrigation (control), (2) manual dynamic agitation (MDA), (3) XP‑Endo Finisher, (4) sonic EDDY, (5) sonic EQ‑S, (6) ultrasonic Irrisafe, or (7) ultrasonic Ultra X. In each irrigation protocol, two 30 s activations with 10 mL 2.5% NaOCl were used followed by one 30 s activation with 5 mL 17% EDTA. Residual Ca(OH)₂ percentages (%) within the simulated resorptive cavity (primary outcome) and the entire root canal system, including the coronal, middle, and apical thirds (secondary outcomes) was quantified stereo-microscopically using ImageJ software. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Friedman tests with Dunn-Bonferroni post hoc comparisons (α = 0.05). Significant differences were observed among the tested groups (P ≤ 0.001). Within the simulated resorptive cavities, EDDY group demonstrated the significantly lowest percentage values of residual Ca(OH)₂ [median: 1.48%, IQR (0.65-1.59)] (P < 0.05) followed by XP-endo Finisher [median: 23.31%, IQR (16.61-24.83)] and Irrisafe [median: 36.34%, IQR (14.31-49.05)] groups. EDDY, XP-Endo Finisher and Irrisafe groups showed the significantly lowest overall (total) percentage values (P < 0.05), with no significant differences among them. Most irrigation protocols tested showed significant lower percentage values in the coronal third compared with the apical third, while no significant difference was detected between root thirds within the EDDY and Ultra X groups (P = 0.199, P = 0.182). None of the tested techniques achieved complete removal of Ca(OH)₂. Activated irrigation significantly enhances Ca(OH)₂ retrieval from internal resorptive defects; however, complete removal is not achieved with any of the tested techniques. EDDY demonstrates superior efficacy in removing Ca(OH)₂ specifically from simulated internal root resorption cavities. Across the entire root canal system, EDDY, XP-Endo Finisher, and Irrisafe demonstrate the highest overall efficacy for Ca(OH)₂ removal.

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PubMedFrontiers in immunology2026-08-29

Targeted immunotherapies for anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive pediatric tumors: current advances and future perspectives.

Maccagno Monica M, Tagliero Roberta R, Chiarle Roberto R, Voena Claudia C

Next-Generation Treatment for Pediatric Cancer: Advancing Immunotherapy through Combinations. Cancer remains one of the leading causes of disease-related mortality among children and adolescents. Despite advances in treatments, outcomes for many pediatric tumors remain limited, particularly in patients with high-risk, relapsed, or refractory disease. Standard therapies, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and stem cell transplantation, are frequently associated with severe long-term toxicities and secondary malignancies. Resistance and relapse remain major clinical challenges. Recent progress in cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized adult oncology, and remarkable clinical advances have been observed in several pediatric cancers. However, comparable benefits in most solid tumors remain limited. Among molecular targets, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) has emerged as a critical driver of tumorigenesis in several pediatric malignancies, including anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), neuroblastoma and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. While ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors have demonstrated clinical benefit, the emergence of resistance highlights the need for alternative or complementary strategies. ALK can act as an oncoantigen, as shown by spontaneous ALK-specific humoral and T-cell responses in patients with ALK-positive ALCL, and ALK-directed immunotherapies have been developed and have shown efficacy in preclinical models of ALK-positive tumors, including ALCL and neuroblastoma. Therefore, ALK-directed immunotherapies represent biologically rational and promising approaches that may, if proven safe and effective in clinical trials, address resistance and improve long-term disease control. In this review, we will discuss ALK-specific immunotherapies, including ALK vaccines, ALK CAR-T and other cellular therapies, as well as ALK-targeting antibodies with a particular focus on pediatric ALK-positive tumors.

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PubMedFood chemistry2026-08-29

High-throughput detection and polymer profiling of microplastics in carbonated soft drinks using laser direct infrared (LDIR) spectroscopy across polyethylene terephthalate and aluminium packaging.

Rassem Hesham Hussein HH, Lim En Qi EQ, Lau Woei Jye WJ, See Hong Heng HH

Microplastic (MP) contamination in beverages has emerged as a growing environmental and public health concern. In this study, Laser Direct Infrared (LDIR) spectroscopy was employed for the rapid detection, quantification, and polymer characterization of MPs in commercially available carbonated soft drinks packaged in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles and aluminium cans in Malaysia. Triplicate samples from four major beverage brands were analyzed. MPs were detected in all samples, with concentrations ranging from 152 ± 110 to 330 ± 404 MPs/L in canned beverages and from 79 ± 17 to 727 ± 244 MPs/L in PET-packaged beverages. Overall, PET bottles exhibited higher MP concentrations than aluminium cans. Polymer analysis identified PET, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyamide (PA), polyurethane (PU), and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) in these samples. Most detected particles were smaller than 50 μm. These findings demonstrate the suitability of LDIR spectroscopy as a rapid, automated, and high-throughput approach for comprehensive MP analysis in carbonated beverages.

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Goud Shrusti S, Limbalkar Omkar Maharudra OM, K K Kanaka K, Naik H J Annappa A et al.

Aluminium (Al) toxicity in acidic soils is a major constraint limiting rapeseed-mustard productivity, particularly affecting Brassica juncea cultivation in acid-prone regions. The narrow genetic base of B. juncea restricts genetic improvement for Al toxicity stress tolerance. To enhance genetic variability and introgress beneficial genomic regions, Brassica carinata-derived B. juncea introgression lines (ILs) were developed and evaluated to dissect the genetic basis of root system architecture and stress tolerance under Al toxicity conditions. Significant genetic variability was observed among the ILs for fourteen morpho-physiological traits evaluated under Al toxicity stress. Genotyping-by-sequencing generated 7,434 high-quality SNP markers, which were used to construct a high-density linkage map spanning 3,234.9 cM with an average marker interval of 2.3 cM. QTL analysis identified 24 significant QTLs, including 17 associated with root and shoot morphological traits and 7 linked to stress tolerance indices. Notable QTLs included qRV.1B.1 for root volume and qNF.3B.3 for number of forks, explaining 26.3% and 26.0% of phenotypic variation, respectively. Three QTL hotspots were detected, including a prominent region on chromosome 2B harboring QTLs for multiple stress tolerance indices. Several putative candidate genes with known roles in stress response pathways were identified within these QTL regions, including COBRA-like involved in cell wall expansion, peroxidase and cytochrome P450 associated with oxidative detoxification, and GATA, SAUR-like, zinc-knuckle, and DNA damage-inducible proteins involved in stress signalling and regulation. This study elucidates the genetic architecture of Aluminium toxicity tolerance and identifies key QTLs and putative candidate genes governing root system architecture and stress adaptation in Brassica juncea introgression lines. The results demonstrate that interspecific introgression from B. carinata generated useful variation for root traits, enabling the identification of genomic regions associated with aluminium toxicity tolerance through GBS-based QTL mapping. These findings provide valuable genomic resources and promising targets for marker-assisted breeding to develop Aluminium toxicity-tolerant cultivars suitable for acidic soil environments.

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