Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd. · CALCR · Recombinant Proteins
calcitonin is a recombinant proteins developed by Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd.. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or subcutaneous injection.
| Brand Names | Fortical Injection, Forcaltonin |
| Company | Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd. |
| Drug Class | Recombinant Proteins |
| Molecular Target | CALCR |
| Route | Injectable (Others), Subcutaneous Injection |
| Status | Approved |
calcitonin acts on 1 molecular target:
| CALCR | calcitonin receptor (CT-R, CTR) |
calcitonin is developed for 3 unique indications across 2 therapeutic areas.
| Therapeutic Area | Condition | Phase |
|---|---|---|
| Endocrine disorders | Hypercalcaemia of malignancy | ✓ Approved |
| Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | Osteitis deformans | ✓ Approved |
| Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | Osteoporosis | ✓ Approved |
Sherwani Mifrah Rahat Khan MRK, Virji Safna Naozer SN, Vohra Lubna Mushtaque LM
Cheng Peixian P, Song Jian J, Li Yuxin Y, Chen Ming M et al.
Intrauterine injury triggers a self-reinforcing cycle of inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis that culminates in intrauterine adhesions (IUA), severely impairing women's reproductive health. Current treatments, including hysteroscopic adhesiolysis combined with hormonal therapy or physical barriers, show high recurrence and cannot simultaneously target these interconnected pathways. Here, we developed an injectable ROS-responsive hydrogel (GPP) loaded with cerium-tannic acid metal-phenolic nanozymes (CeTA) that exhibit superoxide dismutase (SOD)- and catalase (CAT)-mimetic activities. Unlike passive barriers, its boronate ester-crosslinked network remains stable under physiological conditions but is selectively cleaved in ROS-rich inflammatory microenvironments, enabling on-demand, lesion-localized CeTA delivery. In vitro, by scavenging excess superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, CeTA alleviated oxidative stress, restored mitochondrial membrane potential, promoted macrophage repolarization from the pro-inflammatory M1 to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype, and reversed TGF-β1-induced fibrosis in endometrial stromal cells. In a rat IUA model, CeTA@GPP hydrogel restored uterine antioxidant enzyme activity, suppressed TGF-β1 expression and myofibroblast activation, and enhanced cell proliferation and angiogenesis; transcriptomic profiling confirmed coordinated down-regulation of the inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis pathways. Accordingly, CeTA@GPP hydrogel promoted structural and functional endometrial regeneration and improved endometrial receptivity. By integrating minimally invasive injectability, physical barrier protection, and intelligent ROS-responsive multi-target bioactivity, CeTA@GPP hydrogel provides a promising strategy for IUA.
Baldaçara Leonardo L, de Freitas Railson Alves RA, Lacerda Acioly Luiz Tavares ALT, Périco Cintia de Azevedo Marques CAM
Psychomotor agitation is a common mental emergency that requires immediate, safe treatment. Intramuscular haloperidol is frequently used; however oral alternatives may be safer and more tolerated. In many low- and middle-income settings, resource constraints, cultural norms, and emergency department coercion shape agitation prescribing. This study compared the efficacy and safety of oral risperidone plus clonazepam versus injectable haloperidol for psychomotor agitation in primary psychotic patients. In this single-blind, randomized comparative trial, 260 patients (mean age 32.38; 95% CI [31.13-33.64], 119 males and 141 females) with severe psychomotor agitation in a general hospital emergency room were randomly assigned oral risperidone 3 mg plus clonazepam 3 mg (RC) or intramuscular haloperidol 5 mg. Behavioral Activity Rating Scale (BARS) agitation was measured at 30, 1, and 2 hr. The primary outcome was the percentage of patients reported as tranquil (BARS = 4) or tranquil/asleep (BARS = 2-4) at all time points, with an equivalency margin of ±20%. Secondary outcomes included tranquil/tranquil or asleep after 2 hr, restraint use, adverse effects (during the 2 hr of assessment), and necessity of additional medication after 1 hr. RC and IH were equally tranquil or sleeping at all time points for primary outcomes (adjusted ARR 9 percentage points, 95% CI -1.8 to +19.8). Neither tranquility at 2 hr nor extra medication were equal for secondary outcomes (adjusted ARR 15 p.p., 95% CI [1.35, 28.65]). At 2 hr, tranquil or asleep, restraint utilization, and side effects were equivalent. In conclusion, besides oral risperidone plus clonazepam met the prespecified criterion for equivalence to intramuscular haloperidol for the primary composite outcomes of maintaining tranquility or tranquility/asleep at all time-points during the 2-hr observation period, the equivalence was not demonstrated for all secondary outcomes. The oral regimen was associated with a greater need for additional medication. Therefore, the two regimens should not be considered fully interchangeable in all emergency presentations. We found that oral techniques may enable more humane, less invasive, and culturally acceptable emergency care in LMICs due to the social burden of injectable medication, which typically requires restraint.
Makdis Antoun Sara S, Cohen Alexandre A, Marro Francisca F, Bottenberg Peter P
This study aimed to compare the cyclic abrasive wear behavior of an injectable composite and a preheated restorative composite when used as luting agents for indirect partial restorations, using a controlled in vitro model. A secondary objective was to evaluate the ability of an intraoral scanner (IOS) to detect wear progression in comparison with a non-contact profilometer (NCP). Twenty extracted human posterior teeth were prepared for standardized lithium disilicate onlays and randomly assigned to two groups (n = 10): luting with an injectable composite or with a preheated restorative composite. Specimens were subjected to three-body toothbrushing abrasion for up to 22,500 cycles. Using an IOS and a NCP, wear was measured at baseline and following each brushing interval. Mixed-effects models were used to analyze surface roughness and volumetric wear (α = 0.05). Volumetric wear increased significantly with brushing cycles for both materials (p < 0.05), with no significant differences between the injectable and preheated composites (p > 0.05). Surface roughness was significantly higher for the preheated composite compared with the injectable composite at all evaluation points (p < 0.001). No significant differences were found between IOS and NCP volumetric wear measurements, although IOS data showed greater variability at higher wear levels. Injectable and preheated composites used as luting agents for indirect restorations showed similar resistance to abrasive wear under the conditions of this in vitro study. IOS-based wear assessment demonstrated agreement with NCP measurements, and injectable composites showed reduced surface roughness. The present study contributes to the understanding of the wear behavior of contemporary composite materials used as luting agents and highlights the potential of IOSs as a noninvasive tool for monitoring wear over time.
Patil Chanakya D CD, Huang Yijing Y, Arte Kinnari Santosh KS, Sapkota Rachana R et al.
Protein-based therapeutics at high-concentrations often face significant development challenges, including high viscosity, limited solubility, poor injectability, and instability concerns. Non-aqueous protein suspensions offer a promising strategy to achieve high protein concentrations while maintaining acceptable viscosity and injectability. In this study, we evaluated the impact of two polymeric excipients (hydrolyzed gelatin, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin or HPβCD) and their combinations on the viscosity, injectability, and stability of high-concentration non-aqueous suspensions containing bovine serum albumin (BSA). Suspension viscosity was characterized by rheological measurement, while injectability was assessed using a custom-built setup to measure plunger force through a syringe with a 27G needle. Spray-dried powders and the corresponding suspensions were subjected to accelerated physical stability (monomer loss) studies. Protein stability and structural integrity were evaluated using size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), circular dichroism (CD), and solid-state NMR (ssNMR), while X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to assess surface chemical properties of spray-dried particles. Hydrolyzed gelatin provided approximately five-fold greater preservation of monomer content during storage, indicating enhanced protein stability (∼1.5% monomer loss in 90-day stressed storage). In contrast, HPβCD significantly improved injectability, reducing injection force by approximately 5 N compared with formulations containing protein alone (13 N to 8 N). The combination of hydrolyzed gelatin and HPβCD yielded stable and injectable suspensions with protein loadings of 150 - 250 mg/mL. The current work highlighted the potential of polymer-based excipient systems for developing high-concentration injectable suspensions of proteins.
Latini Luca L, Porta Francesco F, Vitale Nicolò N, Vreju Florentin Ananu FA et al.
Low-molecular-weight hydrolyzed collagen peptides are increasingly used as adjuncts in musculoskeletal medicine, but their clinical role in tendon and ligament injuries remains unclear. To evaluate clinical evidence on oral or injectable hydrolyzed collagen peptides, or related low-molecular-weight peptide preparations, in tendon and ligament injuries and post-repair/reconstruction settings. A systematic review with narrative synthesis was conducted using PubMed and a mirrored Scopus strategy through 17 March 2026. Eligible studies were human clinical studies assessing hydrolyzed collagen peptides or clearly related low-molecular-weight peptide formulations in tendon tears, ligament tears, or postoperative repair/reconstruction. Closely related disorders were included only as contextual evidence when direct injury-specific data were limited. Six studies met the eligibility criteria. Three provided direct evidence in tear or post-surgical populations: one pilot study of injectable low-molecular-weight peptides in partial supraspinatus tendon tears, one randomized trial after ACL reconstruction, and one randomized trial after rotator cuff repair. Three additional studies provided indirect evidence in Achilles tendinopathy, chronic ankle instability, and rotator cuff tendinopathy. Overall, collagen-based interventions were associated with improvements in pain, function, analgesic use, or imaging-related outcomes. However, most oral interventions were multicomponent, and only one direct tear study evaluated a clearly defined low-molecular-weight peptide formulation. Hydrolyzed collagen-derived peptides show a cautiously positive signal as adjuncts to rehabilitation or postoperative care. However, evidence in tendon and ligament tears remains sparse, heterogeneous, and low certainty. Further blinded, placebo-controlled trials using well-characterized formulations and clinically meaningful outcomes are needed.
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