Drug Database
QL

QL-1209 (QL1209 / QL 1209)

✓ Approved

Qilu Pharmaceutical · ERBB2 · Monoclonal Antibodies

What is QL-1209?

QL-1209 is a monoclonal antibodies developed by Qilu Pharmaceutical. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or intravenous (iv).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesQL1209, QL 1209
CompanyQilu Pharmaceutical
Drug ClassMonoclonal Antibodies, Antibody
Molecular TargetERBB2
RouteInjectable (Others), Intravenous (IV)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Qilu Pharmaceutical

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

QL-1209 acts on 1 molecular target:

ERBB2erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (NEU, CD340)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

QL-1209 is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)Breast cancer✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedPloS one2026-10-15

Expert consensus on the availability and consumption of herbal medicinal products in Thai pharmacies: An e-Delphi study.

Nakaphan Thanat T, Teerachaisakul Monthaka M, Chaotham Chatchai C, Pongpirul Krit K

Despite the growing use of herbal medicinal products (HMPs) in Thailand, factors relevant to their availability and consumption in pharmacies remain insufficiently characterized. Pharmacies and healthcare professionals may play important roles in improving the availability and promoting their appropriate use. A three-round e-Delphi study was conducted among 30 multidisciplinary experts to identify and establish consensus on factors considered relevant to the availability and consumption of HMPs in pharmacies across Thailand. Experts rated the relevance and impact of each factor using a 7-point Likert scale. Consensus was defined as a Quality of the Lower Approximation (QL) score ≥ 0.75. Of the 34 factors assessed, 25 reached consensus across four domains: (1) herbal medicinal products, (2) product information, (3) professional responsibilities, and (4) pharmacy operations. The National List of Essential Herbal Drugs received the highest consensus score (QL = 1.00). All nine product information factors reached consensus. Professional factors reaching consensus included product recommendation, knowledge of HMP categories, and knowledge of evidence-based efficacy and safety. Pharmacy-related factors reaching consensus included pharmacy type, business model, participation in national health programs, and location. Expert consensus identified a set of factors considered relevant to HMP availability and consumption in Thai pharmacies. These findings provided a framework for future empirical studies and may inform policies and interventions related to product information, professional competency, and pharmacy operations.

PMID 42879419
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PubMedSpinal cord2026-10-12

Characterizing ambulation potential following acute traumatic spinal cord injury: a populational cohort study on 1209 patients.

Dionne Antoine A, Richard-Denis Andréane A, Pelletier-Roy Rémi R, Phan Philippe P et al.

Population cohort study. Propose a new paradigm of using a descriptive approach - rather than a predictive tool - to estimate the ambulation potential after traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI). 30 trauma and rehabilitation centers across Canada participating in the Rick Hansen SCI Registry. A retrospective study of 1209 patients from the Rick Hansen Spinal Cord Injury Registry was conducted. The outcome was the level of outdoor walking 12 months following the SCI: dependent vs. limited vs. independent community ambulators. The actual ambulation outcomes were stratified by AIS severity grade, and by main phenotypes of individuals sharing similar baseline characteristics determined by classification tree analysis. The proportion of participants achieving dependent, limited and independent community ambulation were respectively 94, 4.7 and 1.6% for AIS grade A SCI; 72, 16 and 12% for AIS grade B; 50, 23 and 28% for AIS grade C; and 11, 24 and 65% for AIS grade D. In addition to AIS grade, main phenotypes for ambulation outcomes were associated with lower extremity motor score (LEMS) and mechanism of injury for AIS grade B SCI, as well as LEMS and age for AIS grade C and D SCI. This study proposes a paradigm shift to describe rather than predict ambulation outcomes after TSCI, using a descriptive chart characterizing the potential for recovering community ambulation based on real outcomes observed in the general TSCI population, in order to facilitate estimating the ambulation potential early after TSCI.

PMID 42860442
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PubMedJournal of children's orthopaedics2026-10-11

Health-related quality of life after calcaneus fractures in childhood and adolescence.

Milosevic Milan M, Müller Carmen C, Bullmann Timo T, Krause Tobias T et al.

The purpose of this study was to assess the mid-term Health-Related Quality of Life after treatment of calcaneus fractures in childhood and adolescence. We conducted a retrospective review of data from 19 Patients who were treated for calcaneus fractures at our institution between 2004 and 2019. Radiological assessment was done according to the classification of Schmidt and Weiner. Patients completed a questionnaires with help of there parents when needed, that included the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (Peds-QL). Out of 19 patients with calcaneus fractures, 9 patients had unilateral fractures with a mean age of 9.5 years. There were ten patients with bilateral fractures, with a mean age of 8.9 years. The most common type of fracture was the joint depression type 56%, followed by avulsion fracture 17%. In 65 % non-operative treatment was conducted. At a mean follow-up of 6.3 years, the average FAAM score was 98.8. The mean PedsQL-PF (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory-Physical function) was 97.9 and the mean PedsQL-PS (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory-Psychosocial function) was 88.9. Joint depression type fractures were associated with inferior outcomes with a mean PedsQL-PF of 95.9 and mean PedsQL-PS of 84.8. HRQoL, as measured by FAAM and PedsQL, was high overall in children and adolescents with calcaneal fractures. Lower scores were observed primarily in patients with joint depression type fractures. This study provides the first assessment of mid-term health-related quality of life after pediatric calcaneal fractures, demonstrating excellent outcomes that contrast sharply with those reported in adults.

PMID 42856796
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PubMedEnvironmental research2026-10-09

Compensation-deterioration effect of phosphogypsum-red mud-based backfill under chloride salt conditions and wet-dry cycles.

Chen Yongquan Y, Wang Chen C, Wu Zhonghu Z, Lu Ting T et al.

The use of bulk industrial solid wastes such as phosphogypsum and red mud for mine backfilling promotes synergistic solid waste utilization and ecological restoration in mining areas. However, uncertainties remain in the long-term performance of backfill and heavy metal stability under chloride-rich groundwater erosion. In this study, a multisource industrial solid waste synergistic cementation system (PRFQ) was prepared from raw phosphogypsum (PG), red mud (RM), fly ash (FA), and quicklime (QL). Its performance evolution and degradation mechanisms were investigated after 12 wet-dry cycles in 0%-11% NaCl solutions. The results indicate that the chloride-salt corrosion resistance threshold of the PRFQ system was 4%, and the recommended PG content in the PRFQ system was 40-70 wt%. At a PG content of 50 wt% and an RM/FA/QL ratio of 5:1:2, after 12 wet-dry cycles in an 11% NaCl solution, the residual compressive strength was 1.82 MPa, the mass loss was 13.12%, and the heavy metal leaching concentrations met the Class III limits of the groundwater quality standards. Low-concentration Cl- promotes Fe/Al gel formation and particle bonding, compensating for microstructural defects. A higher Cl- concentration leads to Na+-induced decalcification, Friedel's salt expansion and NaCl crystallization stress, causing pore expansion and degradation. Wet-dry cycles accelerate Cl- migration and the dissolution of hydrates, but some decomposed products bond with Cl-, providing filling and passivation and slowing degradation. This study supports the safe, high-value utilization of PG, RM, and FA in chloride-rich environments.

PMID 42854805
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PubMedJournal of medical Internet research2026-10-09

Suicide-Related Responses From AI Chatbots Through Application Programming Interfaces and Consumer-Facing Apps: Observational Cross-Sectional Comparative Study.

Cantor Jonathan J, Huang Ellice E, Zhang Li Ang LA, Salas Adrian A et al.

Generative artificial intelligence (GAI) chatbots are frequently used for mental health-related questions, including suicide-related queries. User interfaces (UIs) may include additional safety controls not present in direct application programming interface (API) access (eg, moderation rules that flag or block harmful content, crisis refusal templates, or system-level instructions). This observational cross-sectional study aimed to examine how frequently AI chatbots provide direct responses to suicide-related prompts across access modes and whether response patterns differ between consumer-facing UI and API access across models and prompt risk levels. We evaluated how five widely used consumer AI models (ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, Grok, and Llama) responded to 30 previously vetted suicide-related prompts spanning five clinician-assigned risk levels. Each prompt was submitted 100 times through both public-facing UI and direct API access, yielding 30,000 total responses. The primary outcome was whether a response directly answered the prompt (ie, provided specific information or guidance related to the question asked). AI responses were categorized using a blinded large language model-based classifier (GPT-4o mini), validated against independent human coding (289/300, 96.3% agreement; Cohen κ=0.89). We estimated mixed-effects logistic regression models that predicted a direct response. The primary predictors were the AI model, access mode (UI vs API), and prompt risk category. Of the 30,000 responses, 69.8% (n=20,934) were direct. Direct responses were more common through APIs than UIs (n=11,609, 77.4%, vs n=9325, 62.2%); however, Gemini had slightly higher direct response rates via UIs than APIs (n=2301, 76.7%, vs n=2131, 71.0%). Differences in the likelihood of a direct response were most pronounced for higher-risk prompts: For very-high-risk prompts, 24.8% (n=743) of API responses were direct compared with 4.6% (n=138) of UI responses, whereas for high-risk prompts, 80.1% (n=2002) of API responses were direct compared with 48.4% (n=1209) of UI responses. Claude and Gemini had the highest direct response rates (n=4688, 78.1%, and n=4432, 73.9%, respectively) across UI and API access modes, whereas ChatGPT, Grok, and Llama had lower rates (n=3878, 64.6%; n=3870, 64.5%; and n=4066, 67.8%, respectively). In mixed-effects models, UI access was associated with lower odds of a direct response than API access (odds ratio 0.09, 95% CI 0.08-0.10). Higher prompt risk was associated with lower direct response probability, and access mode differences varied by risk level and model. AI safety depends on how users access the model. Safety observed in a UI should not be assumed to generalize to API access or apps built on APIs. Evaluations and policies should consider access modes to ensure safety protections for individuals interacting with AI chatbots.

PMID 42855144
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PubMedJournal of imaging informatics in medicine2026-10-08

Feasibility of Deep Learning Segmentation in Anterior Quadratus Lumborum Ultrasound Imaging: Challenges in Identifying the Injection Plane.

Bidstrup Daniel D, Pareek Anuj A, Børglum Jens J

Accurate identification of sonoanatomy is essential for successful anterior quadratus lumborum (QL) block performance. Prior work has addressed anatomically distinct muscular and osseous structures, whereas automated segmentation of the anterior QL block injection plane has not been described. In this single-center prospective imaging study, 82 simulated anterior QL block ultrasound recordings from 42 healthy volunteers yielded 460 annotated frames across six classes, including the anterior QL block injection plane. A 2D nnU-Net model was trained using fivefold cross-validation and tested on 23 unseen clinical images acquired during routine clinical practice. Performance was assessed using Dice similarity coefficients, intersection-over-union (IoU), precision, and recall, and compared with a manually tuned 2D U-Net. The mean Dice score across all classes was 0.62, compared with 0.50 for the U-Net baseline. Performance was highest for the vertebral body (0.91) and psoas major muscle (0.86), moderate for the quadratus lumborum muscle (0.69) and transverse abdominal muscle (0.52), and lower for the posterior renal fascia (0.35) and injection plane (0.38). Precision and recall distinguished two failure modes. The posterior renal fascia was frequently missed but accurate when detected (0.74 and 0.31), whereas the injection plane was localized in nearly all cases but imprecisely delineated (0.45 and 0.38). Deep learning was feasible for segmentation of major anatomical landmarks in anterior QL ultrasound images, but remained limited for the interfascial injection plane, where the difficulty lay in boundary precision rather than detection. Further development and external validation are required before clinical application.

PMID 42844499
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