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isosorbide mononitrate (Mono Mack 50D / Mono Mack)

✓ Approved

Novartis AG · Small Molecule · Small Molecule

What is isosorbide mononitrate?

isosorbide mononitrate is a small molecule developed by Novartis AG. It is approved for therapeutic indications via oral (po).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesMono Mack 50D, Mono Mack
CompanyNovartis AG
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
RouteOral (PO)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Novartis AG

Therapeutic Indications

isosorbide mononitrate is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Cardiac disordersAngina pectoris✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2026-08-30

Isosorbide-Based Optically Clear Adhesives With Ultrahigh Transparency and Rapid Strain Recovery for Flexible Displays.

Choi Yoonji Y, Lee Geonwoo G, Kim Yeonseo Y, Jin Dahyun D et al.

Flexible and foldable displays require optically clear adhesives (OCAs) that combine ultrahigh optical transparency with mechanical resilience under repeated deformation. However, conventional acrylic-based OCAs often fail to achieve both properties simultaneously. Herein, we synthesized a polyurethane diacrylate (PUDA) crosslinker incorporating biomass-derived isosorbide and photostable 1,3-bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane (H6XDI) for flexible display adhesives. The segmented polyurethane architecture forms a mechanically flexible yet robust network, enabling rapid strain recovery while maintaining ultrahigh optical transparency. Furthermore, the incorporation of an isosorbide-based PUDA crosslinker introduces a biomass-derived component and preserves excellent optical properties due to its intrinsically low birefringence. As a result, the PUDA crosslinked OCA exhibits exceptional optical transmittance (99.8%) and maintains high transparency (98.6%) even at 50% tensile strain, alongside low modulus, stable adhesion, and clean debonding behavior. These results highlight the potential of PUDA OCAs for high-performance and energy-efficient foldable display applications.

PMID 42669159
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PubMedJournal of colloid and interface science2026-08-28

Hydrogen-bond-mediated cross-sheath associations couple Li+ solvation with interfacial chemistry in lithium metal batteries.

Cheng Min M, Zhou Xu X, Chen Zixuan Z, Chen Junhao J et al.

Extending the lifetime of lithium metal batteries requires electrolyte strategies that coordinate Li+ solvation with interfacial chemistry. Here, we introduce hydrogen-bond-mediated cross-sheath molecular association as a design principle for an ether-based localized high-concentration electrolyte. Spectroscopic analyses, noncovalent-interaction calculations and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations indicate that 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether (TTE) and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) reside predominantly in the outer solvation environment, whereas 1,2-diethoxyethane (DEE) remains an important inner-shell solvent. The pre-associated FEC-TTE motif exhibits a stronger overall association with DEE than isolated TTE, providing a plausible molecular bridge between the outer and primary solvation environments. This cross-sheath association contributes to weaker average Li+-DEE coordination and increased participation of bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (FSI-) and isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), yielding a compact, anion-enriched local solvation structure. At the electrode interface, the reconstructed solvation environment cooperates with the reduction chemistry of FEC, FSI- and ISDN to suppress excessive solvent decomposition and promote a homogeneous LiNxOy/LiF-rich solid electrolyte interphase. Consequently, Li||Li symmetric cells sustain stable plating/stripping for approximately 1354 h at 1 mA cm-2 and 1 mAh cm-2, while high-loading Li||LiFePO4 cells cycle for approximately 1188 cycles at 1 C. Unlike conventional approaches focused primarily on direct regulation of the first Li+ solvation shell, this work demonstrates that engineering molecular associations across solvation environments offers an effective route to couple solvation redistribution with interfacial film formation.

PMID 42660070
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PubMedDiseases (Basel, Switzerland)2026-08-26

Comparative Effects of Heart Failure Medications on Cardiac Remodeling via the Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) Pathway: A Systematic Review.

Ahmed Mohamed Thabit MT, Yousef Bashir A BA, Ozsarlak-Sozer Gonen G, Yagdi Tahir T et al.

The aim of this study was to determine whether direct evidence shows that contemporary guideline-directed heart failure (HF) pharmacotherapies influence cardiac remodeling through hydrogen sulfide (H2S) signaling, and to define the resulting evidence gap. A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA 2020. PROSPERO CRD420251238589. MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library; searches were initiated in March 2025, covered publications from January 2007 onward, and were last updated in November 2025. Primary studies had to include (A) an HF or cardiac-remodeling model, (B) an HF-relevant pharmacological intervention, (C) direct assessment or manipulation of H2S biology, and (D) at least one cardiac-remodeling endpoint. Of the 40,796 unique records screened, 50 reports underwent full-text assessment and 14 unique studies were included. No study demonstrated that the remodeling benefits of ACE inhibitors, ARBs, ARNIs, beta-blockers, MRAs, hydralazine/isosorbide dinitrate, or SGLT2 inhibitors are mediated by endogenous H2S signaling. Doiron et al. evaluated empagliflozin with or without the H2S donor SG1002 in experimental HFpEF; the combination improved several outcomes beyond empagliflozin alone, but this adjunctive design does not establish H2S mediation of empagliflozin action. Most eligible evidence concerned exogenous H2S donors in animal models and reported improvements in fibrosis, hypertrophy, oxidative stress, mitochondrial injury, and cardiac function. The overall certainty was low because of preclinical predominance, heterogeneous models and H2S assays, donor-specific pharmacology, and incompletely reported randomization and blinding. The principal finding is negative but clinically important: direct evidence that H2S mediates established HF pharmacotherapy is currently absent. H2S remains a promising experimental therapeutic candidate rather than an established shared mechanism or clinically validated treatment target.

PMID 42645107
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PubMedMetabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society2026-08-22

Serum metabolic signatures associated with maximal voluntary ventilation in native high-altitude Tibetans.

Zhou Tao T, Yang Jiawei J, Zhang Qiong Q, Zhang Haichen H et al.

This study aimed to identify serum metabolites independently associated with maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) among native high‑altitude Tibetan adults, and explore metabolic correlates of pulmonary ventilatory function under chronic hypoxic exposure. Untargeted serum metabolomic profiling comprising 5310 initially detected metabolic features, with 3381 high-quality annotated metabolites retained after strict quality filtering and comprehensive clinical data were collected from 168 native high‑altitude Tibetan adults with complete clinical, phenotypic, and metabolomic data (no missing values in the final analytical dataset). Continuous phenotypic and metabolomic variables were Z‑score‑standardized before analysis. Participants were stratified by MVV quartiles and randomly split into a training set (70%, n = 119) and an independent validation set (30%, n = 49). A multi‑tier metabolite‑screening pipeline was implemented solely within the training set: tiered‑threshold univariate regression generated candidate metabolites, followed by elastic‑net regularized regression (α = 0.5, lambda.1se). A prespecified fallback rule selected the top‑five metabolites with the smallest univariate P‑values when elastic‑net produced no non‑zero‑coefficient features. Selected candidates were entered into confounder‑adjusted multivariable linear regression, retaining metabolites with P < 0.05. Bootstrap resampling assessed screening stability. Ten‑fold cross‑validation evaluated internal performance, and the final model was tested on the independent validation set. Sensitivity analysis was performed by excluding the exogenous drug‑related metabolite to evaluate robustness of core associations. Three serum metabolites showed independent associations with MVV: N‑Undecanoylglycine (β = -5.237, P = 0.002), Isosorbide Dinitrate (β = 0.245, P = 0.007), and Hypoglycin B (β = 4.655, P = 0.006). The metabolite‑based model yielded a 10‑fold cross‑validated R2 of 0.191 in the training set, with predictive R2 decreasing to 0.090 in the independent validation set. Bootstrap inclusion frequencies for target metabolites were moderate, suggesting relatively weak marginal metabolite‑MVV effects. Sensitivity analysis confirmed that core endogenous associations were not driven by the exogenous Isosorbide Dinitrate. Formal pathway enrichment was not conducted due to the small number of significant metabolites. This study identified three serum metabolites independently correlated with MVV in native high‑altitude Tibetans using a multi‑stage metabolome‑wide screening workflow. These metabolites represent preliminary metabolic correlates of ventilatory function under chronic high‑altitude hypoxia. The marked attenuation of predictive performance from internal cross‑validation to external validation reflects limited generalisability of metabolic signatures in moderate‑sized population cohorts. This work emphasises the value of prespecified multi‑tier screening, stability evaluation and fallback strategies for metabolome‑wide association analyses.

PMID 42631888
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PubMedScientific reports2026-08-19

Plastics to fertilizer: A polymer system based on isosorbide as a monomer, plasticizer, and fertilizer.

Fujimata Shunsuke S, Tokonami Yoshiki Y, Agrahari Raj Kishan RK, Tsutsuba Toyokazu T et al.

Plastics have long been designed as durable materials with limited consideration of their fate after use. In contrast, a polymer system that enables end-of-life plastics to no longer to be discarded but instead to be transformed into fertilizers that actively benefit ecosystems, would be very desirable indeed. Such a concept may offer a new direction for polymer design and expand the potential roles of plastic materials. In our previous studies, we demonstrated that isosorbide-based polycarbonates (PIC) can be converted into fertilizer-compatible components through ammonolysis after use. Building on this concept, the present study introduces dual-functional isosorbide-based plasticizers that simultaneously reduce the brittleness of PIC while also being convertible into fertilizer-compatible components through ammonolysis after use. The effectiveness of the degradation products obtained from this plastic system, composed of PIC and isosorbide-based plasticizers, as fertilizers was validated through the growth of both a model plant and an edible vegetable.

PMID 42613352
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PubMedACS polymers Au2026-08-15

Rigid Biobased Vinylogous Urethane Vitrimers from d‑isosorbide/Furfural-Derived Monomers.

Kopilec Ondrej O, Hodan Jiri J, Sedlacek Ondrej O, Beneš Hynek H

Biobased covalent adaptable networks (CANs, vitrimers) that combine high glass transition temperatures, mechanical robustness, and reprocessability remain scarce, particularly in vinylogous urethane vitrimer chemistry. Herein, we report the synthesis of rigid vinylogous urethane CANs derived from biobased d-isosorbide bis-acetoacetate and the furfural-based diamine propane-2,2-di-(2-furylmethylamine) (PDFA). The materials were prepared by a solvent-free bulk curing strategy using mixtures of di- and trifunctional amines, enabling direct formation of cross-linked networks without additional processing solvents. The use of PDFA significantly increased the renewable carbon content while maintaining the rigidity required for glassy high-performance materials. The resulting networks exhibited tunable thermomechanical properties depending on amine structure and composition, with glass transition temperatures up to 125 °C and thermal stability up to 290 °C. Stress-relaxation experiments confirmed fast catalyst-free bond exchange in the rubbery state, with relaxation occurring on the scale of tens to hundreds of seconds and activation energies dependent on the diamine structure. Selected materials displayed efficient reprocessability by compression molding while largely preserving their thermal and tensile properties after recycling. These results demonstrate that combining d-isosorbide with a rigid furfural-derived diamine is an effective strategy toward biobased, glassy vinylogous urethane vitrimers that unite high renewable carbon content, elevated service temperature, and recyclability.

PMID 42602388
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