ibuprofen (ibuprofen, Nordmark / ibuprofen, Pacific / ibuprofen, Bracco)

Thermal Transformation of Selected Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Trapped in Silica Beads via Amine-Functionalised Silica Gel.

Sternik Dariusz D, Sienkiewicz Andrzej A, Gorgol Marek M, Lupa Joanna J et al.

This study presents solid dispersions of naproxen and sodium ibuprofen in porous SiO2 pellets (manufactured via the hard template method) before and after additional phase manufacture from amine-functionalised silica gel. Nanoscopic pore evolution of the investigated materials was examined at all stages of synthesis using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS). The TG-DSC-FTIR/MS in He and synthetic air provided information on the systems' thermal transformations. PALS showed that both drugs preferentially occupied smaller mesopores in SiO2 pellets. Thermal analysis revealed distinct atmosphere- and drug-dependent behaviour. Silica confinement delayed naproxen's thermal degradation but decreased sodium ibuprofen stability. Interestingly, thermal decomposition of sodium ibuprofen most likely also occurred through the evolution of volatile ibuprofen, as signals assigned to it were detected in both atmospheres, although less extensively in air. Encapsulation of naproxen in the investigated systems made it more resistant to high temperature, whereas for sodium ibuprofen the opposite tendency was observed. The amine-functionalized silica phase increased the overall thermal stability of both dispersions in helium, whereas oxidation in synthetic air seemed to be governed mainly by the NH2-SiO2 phase degradation.

Associations between parental generative artificial intelligence health-advice use and child vaccination uptake in Japan: an exploratory cross-sectional study.

Imanishi Yousuke Y, Iorini Maria M, Jwa Sinchul S, Sakamoto Masahiko M et al.

Parents increasingly use generative artificial intelligence (AI) for health information, but evidence on parental AI use and childhood vaccination is limited. We examined exploratory associations between regular parental AI health-advice use and childhood vaccination in Japan. This cross-sectional study analyzed 2025 nationwide survey data from children aged 1 to 17 years and parents, with a linked 2023-2025 sub-analysis. The exposure was regular parental use of generative AI for health advice at least a few times per month. Outcomes were age-appropriate measles-rubella (MR) vaccination and any mumps, influenza, or coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. Modified Poisson regression estimated adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) with parent-level clustering and covariates. Among 8282 children and 5170 parents, 1278 (15.4%) had regular AI health-advice users as parents. AI use was not associated with age-appropriate MR vaccination (aPR 1.02; 95% CI 0.97-1.09), but was associated with three vaccines. The adjusted rates were 76.6 versus 72.7% (aPR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01-1.10) for mumps, 56.7% versus 49.0% (aPR 1.16, 95% CI 1.08-1.24) for influenza, 40.6% versus 30.9% (aPR 1.31, 95% CI 1.19-1.45) for COVID-19. The COVID-19 association was strongest among parents younger than 30 years (aPR 2.58; 95% CI 1.90-3.50; P for interaction < 0.001). In the linked sub-analysis, these associations persisted after adjustment for an available 2023 household-level prior vaccination marker and attitudes. Regular parental use of generative AI for health advice was associated with mumps, influenza, and COVID-19 vaccination, but not with age-appropriate MR vaccination. These exploratory, cross-sectional findings are observational associations. They may reflect digital health engagement, health information seeking, socioeconomic differences, or favorable attitudes, rather than vaccine-specific AI advice.

HIV-Related Sexual Risk Behaviors Among the Miskito Population in Honduras: Associations With Residence, Sex, and Partnerships in a Cross-Sectional Study.

Muñoz-Lara Fausto F, Palou Elsa Y EY, Fuentes-Barahona Itzel Carolina IC, Espinoza-Turcios Eleonora E et al.

IntroductionHuman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remains a public health issue, particularly among vulnerable populations. Indigenous communities, such as the Miskito people in Honduras, face social and structural inequalities that can influence sexual behaviors and thereby increase the risk of infection. With this study we propose to analyze the factors associated with risky sexual behaviors for HIV acquisition among the Miskito population.MethodsA cross-sectional study selected through multistage random quota sampling; in the multivariable generalized linear model using modified Poisson regression with a log link and robust variance, data collection instruments were translated into the Miskito language, and the study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to enrollment.Results869 completed the survey, 59.8% were women, 60.3% lived in an urban area. Additionally, 98.0% identified as heterosexual, and 62.8% did not have a stable sexual partner. In the multivariable generalized linear model (Poisson family, log link function, and robust variance), HIV-related sexual risk behaviors were more prevalent among men (aPR: 1.94; 95% CI: 1.55-2.43), individuals living in urban areas (aPR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.44-2.56), those identifying as LGBTQI+ (aPR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.02-2.17), and those reporting a greater number of sexual partners in the past six months (aPR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01-1.05).ConclusionThese results underscore the need for culturally sensitive prevention, inclusive sex education, and differentiated service delivery tailored to the Miskito population.

Can painkillers quiet the bladder? Acetaminophen/ibuprofen and catheter-related bladder discomfort.

Jung Ki Tae KT