Drug Database
TR

trospium chloride (Retardkapseln / Urivesc / Sanctura XR)

✓ Approved

Shire · Small Molecule · Small Molecule

What is trospium chloride?

trospium chloride is a small molecule developed by Shire. It is approved for therapeutic indications via oral (po).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesRetardkapseln, Urivesc, Sanctura XR
CompanyShire
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
RouteOral (PO)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Shire

Therapeutic Indications

trospium chloride is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Renal and urinary disordersHypertonic bladder✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2026-10-16

Strength Enhancement of Saline Sludge Through Steel Slag Carbonation Stabilization.

Yu Chunyang C, Li Hongliang H, Ran Wuping W, Wu Zhaofeng Z et al.

The carbonation stabilization method combines the advantages of high efficiency, low carbon emissions, and low alkalinity, making it a green technology with broad application potential for soft soil stabilization. However, in the practice of carbonation stabilization of saline sludge, the impact of soluble salts on the carbonation stabilization system remains poorly understood. This study investigated the mechanical properties and microstructural mineral evolution of sulfate ion (SO42-) and chloride ion (Cl-) contaminated saline sludge after steel slag carbonation stabilization. The results indicate that the accumulation of Cl- can lead to a significant deterioration in mechanical properties. We hypothesize that this strength reduction is not driven by the formation of chloride-containing expansive Friedel's salt; instead, it may arise from the hygroscopic nature of chloride salts, which reduces matrix permeability, hinders CO2 gas diffusion within the matrix and lowers carbonation efficiency. Notably, XRD and TG-DTG analyses identified no sulfate- or chloride-bearing crystalline phases (e.g., ettringite or Friedel's salt). We attribute this phase absence to carbonation reactions competing for Ca(OH)2 in the stabilized soil's pore solution, thereby suppressing the crystallization of expansive salt compounds. These findings collectively demonstrate minimal chemical reactivity between the steel slag carbonation system and soluble salts, revealing an intrinsic resistance of carbonated steel slag to salt-induced deterioration.

PMID 42882678
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PubMedMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2026-10-16

Durability Degradation Mechanisms and Coupled Deterioration Behaviors of Geopolymer Concrete Under Multi-Hazard Service Environments: A Critical Review.

Li Jiale J, Yang Fei F, Hai Ran R, Mi Wenhao W et al.

Geopolymer concrete (GPC), here defined primarily as concrete based on low-calcium alkali-activated aluminosilicate binders, exhibits durability responses that depend strongly on precursor chemistry, gel assemblage, pore structure and exposure conditions; high-calcium or slag-rich systems are therefore discussed separately as related alkali-activated material (AAM) systems. This critical review synthesizes representative peer-reviewed evidence on freeze-thaw cycling, drying and autogenous shrinkage, elevated-temperature/fire exposure, chloride, sulfate and acid attack, carbonation, reinforcement corrosion and coupled multi-hazard deterioration. The evidence indicates that freeze-thaw damage is governed by pore-water phase change, cracking and transport-pathway formation, while chemical attack involves ion ingress, dealkalization, dealumination/decalcification and elemental leaching. Direct coupled evidence is strongest for freeze-thaw combined with chloride/salt or sulfate exposure; shrinkage-transport interactions are mainly correlation-supported, whereas carbonation-chloride-freeze-thaw-related corrosion remains largely a mechanism-based inference. Future work should prioritize standardized sequential multi-hazard protocols, chemistry-specific parameter databases and field-calibrated transport/corrosion models to support reliable service-life prediction and engineering design.

PMID 42882551
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PubMedPolymers2026-10-16

Functional Polymer Nanocomposite Coatings for Naval and Maritime Applications: Advances in Protection, Durability, and Surface Engineering.

Rosca Neagu Bianca-Elena BE, Bogatu Nicoleta N, Ghisman Viorica V, Buruiana Daniela Laura DL

Marine and naval materials are exposed to complex degradation resulting from the combined effects of chloride-induced corrosion, biofouling, mechanical wear, ultraviolet radiation, and microbiologically influenced corrosion. This review critically examines recent advances in protective coating technologies for improving the durability and sustainability of materials operating in aggressive marine environments. Attention is given to polymer-based and nanocomposite coatings, smart and self-healing systems, sustainable formulations, and advanced deposition and performance-assessment strategies. The reviewed literature shows a clear transition from conventional passive barrier coatings toward multifunctional systems that combine barrier protection with active corrosion inhibition, self-healing, antifouling behavior, and enhanced mechanical resistance. Nanostructured fillers can improve coating performance by restricting the transport of water, oxygen, and chloride ions, while inhibitor-loaded carriers and stimulus-responsive systems provide localized protection after coating damage. Sustainable polymers, bio-based additives, and environmentally compatible inhibitors are also emerging as alternatives to conventional formulations with greater environmental impact. However, long-term durability, scalability, reproducibility, and performance under real marine exposure remain major limitations to industrial implementation. Future progress therefore requires the development of multifunctional and environmentally compatible coating systems supported by standardized multifactor testing, long-term field validation, and scalable industrial processing.

PMID 42885009
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PubMedJournal of clinical medicine2026-10-16

Associations of Preoperative and Early Postoperative Biomarkers with Wound Complications in a Clinically Restricted Surgical Population: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Erdoğan Emre E, Gencer Elif Nur EN, Yeni Teoman Bekir TB, Türkoğlu Furkan F et al.

Background/Objectives: Postoperative wound complications remain a clinically important challenge across surgical disciplines, while the contribution of preoperative biological status and the early postoperative systemic response remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to investigate whether routinely available hematological and biochemical biomarkers measured before surgery and during the early postoperative period were associated with postoperative wound complications. Methods: This retrospective single-center study included 58 patients undergoing surgical treatment for peri-ankle fractures, a clinically relevant setting for investigating postoperative wound complications. Demographic characteristics and routine laboratory parameters obtained within 24 h before surgery and during the first 6 postoperative hours were recorded. Patients were classified according to the presence or absence of postoperative WoC. Univariate analyses, Benjamini-Hochberg false-discovery-rate (FDR) adjustment, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses, and separate Firth penalized multivariable logistic regression models for preoperative and early postoperative parameters were performed. Results: Postoperative WoC developed in 18 patients (31.0%). In the preoperative analysis, hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet count, sodium, chloride, and total protein differed significantly between groups. Female sex was also significantly associated with WoC. After FDR adjustment, the preoperative platelet count and total protein remained statistically significant. In the early postoperative period, hemoglobin, hematocrit, lymphocyte count, basophil count, sodium, chloride, creatinine, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) differed significantly between groups. After FDR adjustment, sodium, basophil count, chloride, hemoglobin, and NLR remained statistically significant. Preoperative total protein showed the highest discriminatory performance (AUC = 0.886, 95% CI 0.797-0.976), whereas postoperative sodium demonstrated the highest early postoperative performance (AUC = 0.808, 95% CI 0.694-0.923). In the preoperative Firth model, female sex (OR = 7.209, 95% CI 1.189-57.415; p = 0.031) and higher preoperative total protein (OR = 1.399, 95% CI 1.168-1.788; p < 0.001) were associated with WoC. In the early postoperative Firth model, lower serum sodium was associated with postoperative WoC (OR = 0.477, 95% CI 0.241-0.789; p = 0.001). Conclusions: These findings indicate exploratory associations between routinely available biomarkers and postoperative wound complications. Their clinical utility remains to be established in larger prospective studies.

PMID 42882107
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PubMedMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2026-10-16

First Application of 3,5-Dinitrocatechol and Benzalkonium Chloride in Cloud Point Extraction: Spectrophotometric Determination of Vanadium(V).

Racheva Petya P, Saravanska Antoaneta A, Gajdošová Andrea A, Stojnova Kirila K et al.

The ability of 3,5-dinitrocatechol (3,5-DNC) to form anionic species with vanadium(V) in a mildly acidic medium was exploited to develop a spectrophotometric method for vanadium determination. The method is grounded on the formation of an ion-association complex with benzalkonium chloride (BAC), which is efficiently extracted into a surfactant-rich phase formed in a mixed micellar medium consisting of Triton X-114 and BAC. The stoichiometry of the extracted complex was established as (BA+)[VO(3,5-DNC)2], and the formula of its anionic component, [VO(3,5-DNC)2]-, was verified by quantum-chemical calculations at the B3LYP/6-311G level of theory and by comparison of the experimental absorption spectrum with simulated theoretical spectra. The results indicate that the thermodynamically more stable anti isomer is preferentially formed and extracted. The developed novel centrifuge-less cloud point extraction-spectrophotometric method exhibits an absorption maximum at 426 nm, an apparent molar absorptivity of 1.6 × 106 L mol-1 cm-1, a limit of detection of 1.7 ng mL-1, and a linear range of 5.7-29.1 ng mL-1. The method was successfully applied to the determination of vanadium in spent catalysts and vanadium-based dietary supplements. Its analytical performance and sustainability were evaluated using modern assessment tools, including RGBfast.

PMID 42883132
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PubMedMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2026-10-16

A Defense Strategy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mediated by the Golgi Chloride Transporter Gef1p to Cope with Nickel Stress.

Huang Rongqiu R, Hu Xiaoyong X, Li Qianqian Q, Zong Lixuan L et al.

Nickel is a widespread environmental pollutant originating from industrial activities, and its pollution problem persists globally. Currently, research on nickel ion metabolism and detoxification mechanisms primarily focuses on prokaryotes, while the molecular mechanisms of nickel detoxification in eukaryotes remain underexplored. In this study, Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used as a eukaryotic model to demonstrate that the plasma membrane-localized chloride transporter Gef1p participates in nickel ion metabolism. The GEF1 knockout strain (gef1Δ) showed strong resistance to excess nickel ions, and the content of nickel ions in gef1Δ cells was significantly elevated. The results of transcriptomics analysis showed significant upregulation of MMT2 and CUP1 in gef1Δ cells supplemented with nickel. Both MMT2 and CUP1 overexpressed in the gef1Δ strain showed a growth advantage on nickel media. Nickel ion content in the mitochondria of cells overexpressing MMT2 was significantly elevated, and the levels of reactive oxygen species were significantly decreased in strains overexpressing either the MMT2 or CUP1 genes. This study reveals that the GEF1 gene plays an important role in nickel resistance, and that upregulation of MMT2 and CUP1 is critical for gef1Δ strains to counteract ROS formation and growth defect by nickel ions. The high intracellular accumulation of nickel ions caused by gef1Δ during the process of resisting nickel toxicity makes it a strong candidate for ecological remediation of nickel ion pollution.

PMID 42883302
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