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nabilone (Canemes)

✓ Approved

AOP Health · CNR1

What is nabilone?

nabilone is a therapeutic agent developed by AOP Health. It is approved for therapeutic indications via oral (po).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesCanemes
CompanyAOP Health
Molecular TargetCNR1
RouteOral (PO)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, AOP Health

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

nabilone acts on 1 molecular target:

CNR1cannabinoid receptor 1 (CNR, CB1A)
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Related Research Articles

PubMedRedox biology2026-09-19

Sertoli cell oxidative stress as a convergent hazard endpoint for environmental toxicants: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and AOP-based assessment.

Wang Kai K

Environmental chemical exposures are primary drivers of declining male reproductive health. Sertoli cells (SCs), indispensable for spermatogenesis and blood-testis barrier (BTB) integrity, are preferential targets for toxicant-induced oxidative injury across chemically diverse classes. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis organised around an a priori Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP): toxicant interaction with SC mitochondria or NADPH oxidases (Molecular Initiating Event) → ROS elevation (Key Event 1, KE1) → SC cellular dysfunction including apoptosis, ferroptosis, and BTB disruption (Key Event 2, KE2) → impaired spermatogenesis (Adverse Outcome). Searching PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus from inception to January 2026, we identified 1458 records, of which 96 met inclusion criteria for qualitative synthesis and 29 provided extractable data for meta-analysis. All six chemical classes examined - air pollutants (PM2.5), endocrine-disrupting chemicals, pesticides, heavy metals, mycotoxins, and emerging contaminants - significantly elevated SC oxidative stress relative to controls. Metals produced the largest pooled standardised mean difference (SMD > 2.0) and air pollutants the second largest (SMD ∼1.8). The direction of effect was uniformly positive across all 29 studies. Cross-study ecological regression supported the AOP linkage between ROS elevation (KE1) and SC apoptosis (KE2; R2 = 0.77, p < 0.001). One Health subgroup analysis showed directionally consistent effect sizes across rodent, livestock, and in vitro evidence streams. These findings position SC oxidative stress as a convergent, chemically non-specific, and phylogenetically conserved hazard endpoint warranting formalisation within tiered reproductive toxicity test strategies.

PMID 42762776
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PubMedbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026-09-19

Cryo-EM reveals patient- versus organ-specific structural diversity and bound ligands in λ6 light chain amyloids.

Huda Noorul N, Spencer Brian B, Hicks Chad W CW, Jayaraman Shobini S et al.

Immunoglobulin light chain (LC) amyloidosis is a debilitating multiorgan disease with limited treatment options. Sequence and structural variability make LC amyloids particularly challenging for therapeutic targeting. We report four cryo-EM structures of λ6-LC amyloid fibrils from four organs of two patients. Fibrils from different patients show different N-terminal conformations expanding known repertoire of λ6-LC amyloid folds. These folds contain a planar β-arch with a flexible linker containing the complementarity-determining region 2, flanked by N- and C-terminal segments in variable patient-specific conformations. The surface location of the structurally frustrated charged segment may contribute to the overrepresentation of the λ6-LC family in amyloidosis. These and other λ6-LC amyloid structures from different patients show different side chain packing. Conversely, cardiac, renal and splenic amyloids from the same patient exhibit similar structures with small peripheral organ-specific variations. Moreover, they show similar "orphan" densities, suggesting collagen-like triple helices bound to a tyrosine ladder along the fibril spine. Mass spectrometry detects collagen type-VI in tissue-extracted amyloids. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest amyloid binds collagen-VI triple helices via mixed interactions facilitated by the geometric complementarity between the layered amyloid structure and the triple helix. Similar interactions may drive formation of other amyloid-collagen complexes, influencing biological properties of amyloids.

PMID 42760916
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PubMedACS central science2026-09-19

Domino Strategies in Heterocycle Synthesis: Advancing from Organocatalysis to Photo-/Organo-Autocatalysis.

Al-Romema Abdulaziz A AA, Heckmann Felix F, Tsogoeva Svetlana B SB

The increasing structural complexity of heterocycles in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and functional materials continues to challenge synthetic design, particularly when step economy, scalability, and sustainability are considered simultaneously. Domino reactions, in which multiple bond-forming events proceed sequentially in a single operation, offer an inherently concise strategy to transform simple building blocks into densely functionalized architectures while minimizing purification steps and waste. In this Outlook, we examine the evolution of domino heterocycle synthesis from classical organocatalysis to photo- and organo-autocatalytic systems, highlighting how metal-free activation, visible-light processes, and in situ-generated catalytic species expand reactivity while improving catalyst, energy, and atom economy. We discuss key advances in domino reactions toward chiral heterocycles, heteroaromatic construction, total synthesis, and self-catalyzed photochemical processes, emphasizing challenges such as catalyst loading, robustness, photon efficiency, and reaction scalability. The future development of domino synthesis will rely on combining new mechanistic ideas with sustainability and rational reaction design. By focusing on the deliberate development of efficient, low-input organo- and photo/organo-autocatalyzed domino reactions, we aim to spur progress toward streamlined and industrially practical methods for heterocycle synthesis.

PMID 42761599
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PubMedMethodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal2026-09-19

Familial Hypercholesterolemia.

Iatan Iulia I, Genest Jacques J

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a semi-dominant, autosomal, monogenic lipoprotein disorder characterized by severe elevations in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The most common form, heterozygous FH, has an estimated prevalence of approximately 1 per 311 individuals, making it one of the most common hereditary disorders in medicine. FH is caused by pathogenic variants in the LDL receptor (LDLR) gene, or in genes encoding proteins involved in receptor-mediated LDL particle uptake, including apolipoprotein B (APOB) and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). Other genes account for a minority of cases. Diagnosis is based on LDL-C levels, a family history of elevated LDL-C or premature ASCVD, supportive physical findings such as tendinous xanthomas, and, when available, molecular confirmation of a pathogenic FH-causing variant. Prompt recognition and treatment with statins, often combined with ezetimibe, modifies the natural course of the disease. Sex differences in FH diagnosis and treatment are widely reported, with women diagnosed later and treated less intensively than men. PCSK9 inhibitors are often required in patients with FH who meet criteria for treatment intensification. In statin-intolerant patients, bempedoic acid may provide additional therapeutic options. The most severe form, homozygous FH (HoFH), has an estimated prevalence of ~1 in 367,000 individuals and is associated with ASCVD in youth, calcific aortic stenosis, and a markedly reduced life expectancy. Patients with HoFH require specialized care and may need LDL apheresis and specific orphan drugs such as lomitapide or evinacumab.

PMID 42761917
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PubMedFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology2026-09-19

Strategic selection of microbial cell factories for sustainable and application-specific terpenoid production.

Shukla Vibha V, Shukla Virendra V, Rawat Shweta S, Singh Vandana V et al.

Terpenoids (isoprenoids) constitute one of the largest and most structurally diverse families of natural products with application ranging from flavors, pharmaceuticals to biofuels. Conventional extraction from plants is often limited by low yields, seasonal variability, and environmental constraints; whereas, chemical synthesis requires toxic chemicals and energy-intensive processes. Consequently, microbial cell factories have emerged as sustainable and industrially scalable alternatives for terpenoid biosynthesis. Different microorganisms possess distinct physiological and metabolic advantages, including efficient precursor supply, tolerance to toxic products, internal storage for hydrophobic compounds, utilization of renewable carbon sources, and compatibility with complex biosynthetic pathways. Furthermore, several microbial hosts have strains with Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) status, making them attractive candidates for food and nutraceutical applications, although their regulatory acceptance ultimately depends on the production strain, genetic modifications, manufacturing process, product, and intended use. In addition, photosynthetic cyanobacteria offer a promising platform for direct conversion of CO2 into terpenoids, providing opportunities for more resource-efficient and sustainable biomanufacturing. Therefore, strategic host selection is a crucial step in designing efficient microbial platforms for terpenoid production. The present review provides a host-centric perspective by comparing conventional and emerging microbial cell factories, highlighting their physiological strengths, product spectrum, industrial applicability, and strategic considerations for sustainable and application-specific terpenoid biomanufacturing.

PMID 42761231
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PubMedAdvances in protein chemistry and structural biology2026-09-19

Insect proteins for alternative proteins: Sustainable solutions for molecular efficiency.

Rajendran Anith Kumar AK, Pallai Swagatika S, Tirathpal Yashasvi Y, Bhattacharjee Adwitiya A et al.

The global demand for sustainable protein sources has positioned insects as a viable alternative to traditional livestock because of their impressive molecular efficiency and minimal ecological footprint. This chapter presents a detailed overview of biochemical design, nutritional, and industrial potential of protein sourced from insects, including high digestibility of amino acids, and rich content of bioactive peptides with antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. We highlight the efficiency of species such as Hermetia illucens, Tenebrio molitor, and Acheta domesticus to bioconvert organic waste products into commercially valuable protein biomass. From an industrial perspective, insect-derived enzymes and antimicrobial peptides possess high stability and bioactivity, driving innovation in pharmaceuticals, biomaterials, and cosmetics. Notably, silk and resilin proteins from Bombyx mori and spiders show high mechanical durability, elasticity, and biocompatibility for regenerative medicine and smart biomaterial design. More broadly, environmental studies show that insect farming has the potential to lower greenhouse gases by up to 90 % and reduce water consumption by as much as 70 % relative to traditional livestock options, confirming their value in future circular bioeconomy models. Processing techniques, such as enzymatic hydrolysis, defatting, and thermal treatments can enhance functional properties such as solubility, emulsification, and digestibility, enabling their use in food, feed, and nutraceutical applications. Collectively, this study presents insect proteins as a scalable, multifunctional platform bridging sustainable food production, biomaterial innovation, and environmental restoration step toward resilient global protein systems.

PMID 42763112
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