Drug Database
BE

benzoyl peroxide (Exact)

✓ Approved

Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. · Small Molecule · Small Molecule

What is benzoyl peroxide?

benzoyl peroxide is a small molecule developed by Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.. It is approved for therapeutic indications via topical.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesExact
CompanyTeva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
RouteTopical
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.

Therapeutic Indications

benzoyl peroxide is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disordersAcne✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedMediastinum (Hong Kong, China)2026-09-20

Narrative review: locally advanced thymoma-do we really need induction therapy before extended resection?

Ventura Luigi L

Locally advanced thymoma remains a challenging condition in which complete tumour clearance may require extended surgical resection. Induction therapy, including chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy, is used in selected patients to improve resectability; however, the evidence supporting its routine use remains limited. This narrative review evaluates the role of induction therapy before extended resection, with particular attention to patient selection, resectability assessment, and multidisciplinary decision-making. A structured narrative review was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE, supplemented by manual screening of reference lists from relevant articles, reviews, registry analyses, and guideline documents. The original search covered the period from January 1990 to April 2026 and was updated on 21 June 2026 during revision. Search terms included combinations of "thymoma", "thymic epithelial tumours", "locally advanced", "induction therapy", "neoadjuvant treatment", "preoperative chemotherapy", "chemoradiotherapy", "resectability", "borderline resectable", and "extended resection". English-language clinical studies, systematic and narrative reviews, registry analyses, and international guidelines were considered. The available evidence is largely derived from retrospective, heterogeneous studies, often including mixed populations of thymoma and thymic carcinoma. Platinum-based regimens can achieve radiologic response rates of approximately 50-70%, but no prospective or randomised data demonstrate a clear survival advantage over upfront surgery in clearly resectable thymoma. Induction therapy may provide practical advantages in selected anatomically complex or borderline-resectable cases, including tumour bulk reduction, improved operative planning, and potential facilitation of margin-negative resection. However, radiologic response does not necessarily indicate true pathologic downstaging or reduced need for en bloc resection. Current evidence therefore supports a selective, rather than routine, use of induction therapy following multidisciplinary assessment. Extended surgical resection remains the standard of care when complete resection appears achievable upfront. Current evidence is insufficient to support routine induction therapy in clearly resectable locally advanced thymoma, although induction treatment remains appropriate in selected borderline-resectable cases in which preoperative therapy may improve the likelihood or quality of complete resection. Further prospective and collaborative studies are needed to refine patient selection and clarify its role.

PMID 42763646
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PubMedScientific data2026-09-20

The ParlLawSpeech Parliamentary Text Data Collection > 3 Million Parliamentary Bills, Laws, and Speeches from 8 Legislatures.

Schwalbach Jan J, Hetzer Lukas L, Proksch Sven-Oliver SO, Rauh Christian C et al.

Parliamentary texts are central sources for studying democratic representation, policy-making, and institutional decision-making, and they also constitute a highly valuable domain for natural language processing research. Despite their importance, access to comprehensive, clean, and machine-readable parliamentary corpora remains limited. This paper introduces the ParlLawSpeech (PLS) collection, a large-scale, curated corpus comprising more than three million documents from eight European parliaments, each covering over two decades. PLS extends existing parliamentary text resources in two key ways. First, it integrates full texts and metadata not only for parliamentary speeches but also for legislative bills and finally adopted laws. Second, it provides systematic data linkage across these document types, enabling researchers to trace the full parliamentary decision-making process from draft legislation through debate to adoption. Covering seven national parliaments and the European Parliament, PLS offers a uniquely rich resource for political science and advanced NLP research.

PMID 42763328
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PubMedJournal of biomaterials science. Polymer edition2026-09-20

Avian eggshell membrane proteins in bone remodeling and regeneration: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic prospects.

Aggarwal Aakriti A, Dan Siddhartha S, Sah Mahesh Kumar MK

The need for efficient biomaterials that can promote bone regeneration is driven by the fact that bone defects incurred by illness, trauma, or ageing continue to be a significant clinical challenge. Recently, the avian eggshell membrane (ESM) has drawn interest as a protein-rich, sustainable biomaterial for bone restoration. ESM, which is made up of more than 470 proteins, such as collagens, defensins, serpins, histones, and zinc finger proteins, mimics the extracellular matrix and controls cellular processes that are necessary for osteogenesis. Several of these proteins can stimulate pathways that support osteoblast differentiation, matrix formation, and mineralization, whereas the roles of others remain hypothetical and require experimental validation. ESM can be incorporated into immunomodulatory and osteoinductive constructs using bioengineering techniques. In addition to its biological effectiveness, ESM presents a circular bioeconomy model, turning natural waste into a valuable regenerative resource. Using proteins derived from ESM presents a viable, environmental friendly approach to clinical bone defect repair and advanced bone tissue engineering.

PMID 42763429
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PubMedMediastinum (Hong Kong, China)2026-09-20

Advanced thymic epithelial tumours after neoadjuvant therapy: a narrative review of surgical challenges and strategies.

Berjaoui Nabih N, Pather Micayla M, Karapanagiotou Eleni E, Lucchese Gianluca G et al.

Thymic epithelial tumours, including thymoma and thymic carcinoma, are rare anterior mediastinal neoplasms. Complete surgical resection remains the strongest prognostic determinant, yet locally advanced disease frequently involves critical mediastinal structures and requires multimodality treatment. Neoadjuvant therapy is commonly used to improve resectability, although it alters operative anatomy in ways that can complicate subsequent surgery. This narrative review offers an updated appraisal of the surgical challenges that arise after neoadjuvant therapy, and of contemporary strategies for complex post-induction resection. A targeted literature search was carried out in PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar for English-language publications from January 1990 through January 2026. Search terms combined thymic malignancies, induction and chemoradiotherapy strategies, surgical resection, vascular reconstruction, pleural disease and survival. Emphasis was placed on contemporary literature (2010 to 2026) to reflect advances in imaging, multimodality therapy and surgical reconstruction. Neoadjuvant therapy produces dense fibrosis and obscures tissue planes, which complicates the dissection of critical structures. Imaging often underestimates stromal remodelling and residual viable tumour, so unexpected intraoperative difficulty is common. Vascular involvement is a major driver of operative complexity and frequently calls for resection and reconstruction, with contemporary graft patency of roughly 85% to 90% at five years in specialised series. In stage III disease, reported five-year survival after complete resection is approximately 70% to 90% for thymoma and 30% to 50% for thymic carcinoma. In stage IVa disease, cytoreductive surgery remains a treatment option when macroscopic complete resection is feasible, but the balance between aggressive procedures such as extrapleural pneumonectomy and more conservative pleurectomy/decortication must be weighed very carefully, since high-quality comparative evidence is lacking. Emerging data suggest that neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy may yield higher R0 rates than chemotherapy alone, albeit at the cost of more pronounced fibrosis, although a matching survival benefit has not yet been proven. Molecular profiling (including GTF2I and TP53/KIT alterations) and AI-assisted imaging biomarkers are increasingly informing patient selection and surgical planning. Surgery after neoadjuvant therapy is feasible and safe in experienced centres, and in selected patients the oncologic outcomes appear to approach those of upfront resection with acceptable postoperative morbidity. Given the rarity of these tumours and the retrospective nature of most of the evidence, however, any comparison with upfront surgery should be interpreted with caution. Future progress will depend on international collaboration, prospective registries, validated molecular and imaging biomarkers, and standardisation of multimodality strategies.

PMID 42763662
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PubMedCureus2026-09-20

Evidence-Based Management and Functional Outcomes of Femoral Head Avascular Necrosis: A Systematic Review.

Desai Sakshant S, Shinde Sandeep S, Desai Ruturaj R, Mane Makarand M et al.

Avascular necrosis of the femoral head (AVNFH), also known as osteonecrosis of the femoral head, is a progressive musculoskeletal disorder caused by compromised blood supply to the femoral head, causing osteocyte death, structural collapse, pain, and functional disability. Despite advances in diagnostic imaging and treatment modalities, optimal management remains challenging because of multifactorial etiology and variable clinical presentation of the disease. To systematically evaluate the etiopathogenesis, evidence-based management strategies, and functional outcomes associated with AVNFH. A systematic review was conducted in compliance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. Electronic literature searches identified studies investigating etiology, management, and functional outcomes of AVNFH. Adult patients with traumatic or non-traumatic AVNFH across pre-collapse and post-collapse stages were included. Randomized controlled trials and observational studies evaluating surgical, biological, pharmacological, physical therapy, or arthroplasty interventions and reporting validated clinical outcomes were eligible. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool for randomized controlled trials and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for observational studies. Twenty-two studies published between 2010 and 2023 met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. Evidence demonstrated that corticosteroid exposure, alcohol consumption, trauma, and idiopathic factors were the main contributors to disease development. Joint-preserving procedures, particularly core decompression combined with biological augmentation techniques such as platelet-rich plasma, bone marrow-derived cellular therapies, and stem-cell-based interventions, consistently demonstrated improved functional outcomes and delayed disease progression. Vascularized grafting procedures enhanced femoral head vascularity and survivorship, while extracorporeal shock wave therapy and hyperbaric oxygen therapy provided clinically meaningful improvements in pain and function in early-stage disease. Pharmacological interventions showed variable effectiveness, with zoledronate failing to significantly prevent femoral head collapse. In advanced disease, bipolar hip arthroplasty and cementless total hip arthroplasty produced substantial functional improvement and reliable symptom relief. Risk-of-bias assessment indicated predominantly moderate methodological quality, with heterogeneity observed across study designs, interventions, and outcome measures. AVNFH is a multifactorial condition in which early diagnosis and timely intervention are critical for preserving hip function and delaying disease progression. Current evidence supports stage-specific management, with biologically augmented joint-preserving procedures demonstrating most favorable outcomes in pre-collapse disease, while arthroplasty remains definitive treatment for advanced femoral head collapse. Although regenerative therapies show considerable promise, further high-quality multicenter randomized controlled trials with standardized outcome measures and long-term follow-up are required to establish optimal treatment algorithms and strengthen the evidence base for clinical decision-making.

PMID 42763616
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PubMedMediastinum (Hong Kong, China)2026-09-20

A rare giant large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma: an ITMIG Tumor Board case report from a Turkish multidisciplinary team.

Cangir Ayten Kayi AK, Sak Serpil Dizbay SD, Güneş Gökalp G, Çoruh Ayşegül Gürsoy AG et al.

Large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (LCNECs) of the thymus are rare, high-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms characterized by a high mitotic index and classified separately from thymomas, with markedly more aggressive behavior in terms of treatment response and prognosis. This study describes the treatment management of a patient who underwent surgery and received multimodal therapy for LCNEC. A contrast-enhanced thoracic computed tomography (CT) scan of a 52-year-old male patient revealed an anterior mediastinal mass measuring approximately 14 cm × 16 cm, with areas of calcification and cystic components. Following transthoracic fine-needle aspiration biopsy, which was consistent with LCNEC, the patient received three cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and subsequently underwent thymectomy via median sternotomy. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of LCNEC, after which adjuvant therapy was administered. The patient has remained disease-free during follow-up for 40 months. LCNEC is an exceptionally rare subtype, accounting for only a very small proportion of all thymic epithelial tumors. Given the aggressive course of LCNEC and its potential for both local invasion and distant metastasis, a multimodal treatment approach is required. This treatment sequence represents a rational strategy consistent with previous studies advocating combined-modality management for advanced or recurrent thymic malignancies.

PMID 42763668
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