Medinova · Small Molecule · Small Molecule
chlorhexidine dihydrochloride + dexamethasone + nystatin is a small molecule developed by Medinova. It is approved for therapeutic indications via topical.
| Brand Names | Nystalocal |
| Company | Medinova |
| Drug Class | Small Molecule |
| Route | Topical |
| Status | Approved |
chlorhexidine dihydrochloride + dexamethasone + nystatin is developed for 2 unique indications across 2 therapeutic areas.
| Therapeutic Area | Condition | Phase |
|---|---|---|
| Investigations | Dermatologic examination | ✓ Approved |
| Infections and infestations | Candida infection | ✓ Approved |
Srinivasan Sushmitha Grama SG, Kamens Jennifer L JL, Marks Lianna J LJ, Balagtas Jay M S JMS et al.
Dhatavkar Prasanna P, Aggarwal Shalini S, Kesharani Pooja P, Borkar Anamika A
Matrix metalloproteinase-mediated collagen degradation compromises the durability of resin-dentin bonds, particularly in caries-affected dentin. Natural matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors have gained attention as biocompatible alternatives to conventional synthetic agents for improving adhesive stability. To evaluate the effects of natural and synthetic MMP inhibitors on microtensile bond strength and failure patterns in caries-affected dentin bonded with a universal adhesive using etch-and-rinse and self-etch modes. A total of 240 extracted human permanent molars with artificially induced caries-affected dentin were allocated to 16 subgroups according to pretreatment agent and bonding mode. The pretreatment agents included grape seed extract, green tea extract, riboflavin, cranberry extract, chlorhexidine, doxycycline, sodium fluoride, and no inhibitor. A universal adhesive and nanohybrid composite resin were applied according to the assigned etch-and-rinse or self-etch protocol. Microtensile bond strength was measured using a universal testing machine. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance, chi-square test, and Pearson correlation coefficient at a significance level of 0.05. Etch-and-rinse bonding produced significantly greater bond strength than self-etch bonding. Grape seed extract and green tea extract showed the highest bond-strength values, followed by riboflavin and cranberry extract. Chlorhexidine, doxycycline, and sodium fluoride showed limited improvement. Adhesive failure predominated the association with bond strength. Etch-and-rinse application of a universal adhesive combined with natural matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors, especially grape seed and green tea extracts, enhanced resin-dentin bond strength in caries-affected dentin.
Brtková Barbora B, Bártová Tereza T, Piskláková Lenka L, Šimek Matěj M et al.
Furylacryloyl-modified hyaluronan (F-HA) has emerged as an appropriate material for the fabrication of UV-crosslinkable, water-stable nanofibrous scaffolds with preserved porosity. However, the safety profile and in vivo applicability of F-HA have not yet been established. In this study, we present biological assessment of F-HA, including biodegradation studies and its first in vivo evaluation in C57BL/6J mice following both intravenous and intraperitoneal administration. The results demonstrate good tolerability under the tested conditions and confirm biodegradability. Additionally, we confirm the ability of composite nanofibers consisting of F-HA with established nanofiber-forming polymers, to incorporate active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), while retaining their porous structure and favorable mechanical properties. Importantly, the incorporation of F-HA alters the release profile of embedded API. Using octenidine dihydrochloride (OCT) as a model compound, we demonstrate sustained release from F-HA/lauroyl hyaluronan (L-HA) nanofibrous scaffolds in biologically relevant protein-containing media, while retaining its structural integrity, thus supporting its suitability for biomedical applications. These findings highlight the potential of F-HA as a versatile platform for the development of advanced nanofibrous biomaterials with translational relevance in topical wound healing and drug delivery.
Swain Cara C, Brewster Oliver O, Quinn Marcus M, Thornton James J et al.
Surgical site infection (SSI) is common after emergency laparotomy (EL) due to contamination of the surgical field, yet most hospitals are unaware of their SSI rate. Most studies have focused on elective surgery where the surgical environment can be standardized easily. This prospective quality improvement study, with continuous SSI surveillance over 4 years, aimed to establish a reliable method for measuring post-EL SSI and to evaluate the impact of a care bundle (2% chlorhexidine skin preparation, second antibiotic dose after 4 h, use of a wound protector, antibacterial sutures, glove change and povidone iodine wound wash) to reduce SSI. There were 176 patients pre intervention and 501 patients post intervention. The baseline SSI rate was 32.1%: 23.1% for clean wounds, 24.5% for clean-contaminated wounds, and 45.0% for dirty wounds. Post intervention, the overall SSI rate decreased to 18.1% (P=0.002): 11.8% for clean wounds (P=0.275), 15.1% for clean-contaminated wounds (P=0.121), and 25.6% for dirty wounds (P=0.021). Patients undergoing EL are complex. Measuring SSI after EL is challenging due to high mortality, use of laparostomy, and longer length of stay, meaning in-hospital surveillance for patients staying >30 days is also required. Implementing behavioural change in a diverse group of surgeons in the emergency setting, during a pandemic in a National Health service hospital, was difficult. This study demonstrated a 44% reduction in post-EL SSI following introduction of a care bundle, highlighting the value of structured quality improvement in emergency surgery. SSI measurement following EL is challenging but feasible.
Liu Tun T, Nan Kai K, Dang Xiaoqian X, Wang Wei W et al.
Cartilage degeneration in osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is closely associated with chondrocyte heterogeneity. Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on 50,851 chondrocytes from 10 ONFH patients and 10 controls. The findings were further validated using an in vitro chondrocyte injury model induced by dexamethasone. Nine chondrocyte subtypes were identified, among which COL1A1⁺ chondrocytes (exhibiting fibrotic features and Hippo-YAP pathway activation) and COL2A1⁺ chondrocytes (displaying a reparative hyaline cartilage phenotype) were significantly enriched in ONFH. Immunohistochemistry and in vitro functional assays confirmed the upregulation of signature proteins and key transcription factors in these subtypes. Pseudotime analysis revealed that CCL20⁺ progenitor cells differentiate toward fibrotic or reparative fates via PRG4 or SOX5, respectively. Key ligand-receptor pairs, including FGF2-FGFR1 and TNFRSF11B-TNFSF11, mediated intercellular communication. This study elucidates the cellular and molecular basis of the "fibrosis-repair" imbalance in ONFH cartilage degeneration, offering a theoretical foundation for targeting chondrocyte fate regulation.
Hmayed Jawad J, Fadel Doha D, Albayeh Anthony A, Jreij Chris C et al.
Extramedullary plasmacytomas are an uncommon manifestation of multiple myeloma (MM) and may involve a wide range of soft-tissue sites. Superficial involvement of the back is particularly rare and may be mistaken for benign soft-tissue lesions. We report the case of a 59-year-old man with MM diagnosed in April 2024 who was treated with four cycles of bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone (VCD), achieving remission with disappearance of serum and urine M-protein on immunofixation. In October 2025, the disease relapsed, with early progression despite treatment with daratumumab, prompting initiation of teclistamab therapy. During the course of his disease, he developed two progressively enlarging, painless indurations over the left upper and lower back. Ultrasound demonstrated well-circumscribed heterogeneous hypoechoic subcutaneous masses with internal arterial vascularity on Doppler imaging. Ultrasound-guided core biopsy revealed diffuse infiltration by monoclonal plasma cells expressing CD138 with lambda light-chain restriction, confirming secondary extramedullary plasmacytoma. This case highlights the importance of considering extramedullary plasmacytoma in the differential diagnosis of new superficial soft-tissue masses in patients with MM and underscores the complementary role of ultrasound and histopathological examination in establishing the diagnosis.
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