Drug Database
SH

Shigella flexneri/sonnei bivalent live vaccine (freeze-dried) (Shigella FS vaccine)

✓ Approved

China National Pharmaceutical · Cell-based Therapies · Cell-based Therapies

What is Shigella flexneri/sonnei bivalent live vaccine (freeze-dried)?

Shigella flexneri/sonnei bivalent live vaccine (freeze-dried) is a cell-based therapies developed by China National Pharmaceutical. It is approved for therapeutic indications via oral (po).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesShigella FS vaccine
CompanyChina National Pharmaceutical
Drug ClassCell-based Therapies, Vaccine
RouteOral (PO)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, China National Pharmaceutical

Related Research Articles

PubMedEMBO molecular medicine2026-08-30

A cavity-reduced prefusion RSV F bivalent vaccine elicits durable and protective immunity.

Liu Lijie L, Yan Mengrong M, Liang Ruoxu R, Wu Qingxin Q et al.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) remains a major cause of severe respiratory disease, and stabilization of the prefusion (preF) conformation of the F glycoprotein is central for vaccine development. Here, we report a structure-guided engineering strategy that enhances preF stability by reducing the hydrophobic cavity within the trimeric F protein. Targeted modifications at metastability-associated sites generated RVF-88, a disulfide-free stabilized preF immunogen that preserves key neutralizing epitopes, including antigenic site Ø, while exhibiting improved structural integrity and long-term storage stability. Formulated as an unadjuvanted bivalent vaccine, RVF-88 elicited potent neutralizing antibody responses and durable immune protection lasting up to 5 months in mice. Vaccination also protected both mice and cotton rats against RSV challenge. Structural analyses confirmed the intended cavity-reduction design, revealing a reduced apical hydrophobic cavity volume and surface area while maintaining the prefusion architecture. Together, these findings establish hydrophobic cavity reduction as a rational strategy for stabilizing prefusion RSV F and provide a promising next-generation vaccine candidate with improved stability and immunogenicity for further clinical development.

PMID 42668284
Read full article →
PubMedActa tropica2026-08-30

Recombinant Toxoplasma gondii expressing FIPV spike protein S1 subunit: A proof-of-concept approach against toxoplasmosis and feline infectious peritonitis.

Xie Fujie F, Jiang Xinyu X, Yang Yilin Y, Xie Yuehua Y et al.

Feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) is a lethal feline pathogen with no widely effective prophylactic vaccine available. To address this unmet need, we explored the feasibility of using Toxoplasma gondii (whose definitive host is felids) as a live delivery platform to develop a bivalent vector vaccine. We generated a transgenic T. gondii strain engineered to express and secrete the FIPV spike protein S1 subunit into the parasitophorous vacuole. Immunization in mice confirmed the immunogenicity of this recombinant parasite, which induced specific antibody responses targeting both the T. gondii vector and the FIPV S1 antigen. In vitro neutralization assays revealed limited FIPV-neutralizing capacity in immune sera, with only low-level inhibitory activity observed at the lowest serum dilution, which was markedly inferior to the neutralization potency induced by recombinant S1 protein vaccination. Collectively, these data preliminarily verify the potential of T. gondii as a multivalent antigen delivery vector. This work provides a proof-of-concept framework for a dual-target vaccination strategy intended to mitigate the epidemiological burden of both FIPV and T. gondii in cats, and underpins integrated One Health-oriented disease prevention and control efforts.

PMID 42669354
Read full article →
PubMedCureus2026-08-30

Online-Sourced Retatrutide Complicating Impending Diabetic Ketoacidosis in a Patient With Type 1 Diabetes and Concurrent Shigella Gastroenteritis.

Branine Nassim N

Growing public interest in incretin-based therapies for weight loss has been accompanied by increasing availability of research peptides purchasable online. Products may be used without medical assessment or counselling regarding adverse effects, sick-day management or appropriate follow-up. In addition, composition, purity and dosing accuracy may be uncertain. Retatrutide is a novel triple agonist of the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucagon receptors currently being investigated for obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, but has no established role in type 1 diabetes mellitus. We report a man in his mid-30s with longstanding type 1 diabetes mellitus who presented with severe vomiting, diarrhoea, hyperglycaemia, ketonaemia and acute kidney injury shortly after self-administering an online-purchased product marketed as retatrutide for weight loss. His partner, who had taken the same preparation, also developed gastrointestinal symptoms. Both had also consumed a potential foodborne source of infection. In type 1 diabetes mellitus, where patients remain dependent on exogenous insulin to suppress ketogenesis, gastrointestinal illness may rapidly precipitate ketosis when insulin is omitted and oral intake is reduced. Although diabetic ketoacidosis did not develop, peak ketonaemia reached 4.3 mmol/L in the setting of dehydration and insulin omission, requiring intravenous insulin and fluid replacement. During recovery, recurrent hypoglycaemia required intravenous dextrose and insulin dose adjustment, highlighting challenges of glycaemic management in acutely unwell patients exposed to agents with incretin and glucagon receptor activity. Stool culture subsequently grew Shigella flexneri, introducing diagnostic uncertainty regarding the relative contributions of gastrointestinal infection and retatrutide exposure, and complicating counselling regarding future retatrutide use. While causation cannot be established, the temporal relationship, similar symptoms in another exposed individual, and recognised gastrointestinal adverse-effect profile of retatrutide suggest that exposure may have contributed to symptom severity or amplified the metabolic consequences of infection. This case highlights diagnostic and management challenges created by unregulated research peptides obtained outside healthcare pathways, particularly in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus where evidence to guide management is limited and clinicians in non-specialist settings may be unfamiliar with these agents. As access expands through online vendors and social media, clinicians should routinely enquire about prescribed and non-prescribed agents when assessing unexplained illness or metabolic decompensation.

PMID 42669023
Read full article →
PubMedFood chemistry2026-08-30

Effects of different drying methods on the drying characteristics and flavour profiles of Shanxi Da Huang apricots.

Wu Tingxuan T, Li Huaiqi H, Li Zhuo Z, Wei Yuewei Y et al.

Shanxi Da Huang apricot is highly susceptible to postharvest deterioration, restricting its utilization and commercial development. This study evaluated the effects of hot-air drying (AD), microwave drying (MD), vacuum heating drying (HD), and freeze drying (FD) on drying behavior and flavor quality. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR), headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS), gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS), electronic nose, and electronic tongue were employed to characterize water distribution, volatile compounds, sensory attributes, and flavor profiles. Multivariate analyses integrating variable importance in projection (VIP), odor activity value (OAV), orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), and partial least squares regression (PLSR) identified 34 differential volatile compounds and 12 key aroma-active compounds, elucidating their potential biochemical origins and relationships with sensory properties. β-Cyclocitral, β-Ionone, and Linalool were identified as characteristic aroma contributors of Shanxi Da Huang apricot. These findings provide a basis for flavor regulation and drying-process optimization of dried apricot products.

PMID 42669277
Read full article →
PubMedJournal of chromatography. A2026-08-30

A versatile modified QuEChERS-LC-MS/MS method for determination of 102 pesticide residues in diverse dried aquatic product matrices and dietary risk assessment.

Chen Shumin S, Qi Peipei P, Hu Ling L, Wang Xinquan X et al.

Pesticide residues in dried fish, originating from both processing and raw materials, remains a neglected safety risk, while the high protein and fat content of the matrix renders rapid and accurate residue analysis challenging. A modified QuEChERS method was developed for simultaneous analysis of 102 pesticide residues in dried aquatic products. The optimized extraction process was performed using 5 mL of acetonitrile containing 0.25% formic acid, followed by purification with 50 mg primary secondary amine (PSA) and 10 mg octadecylsilane (C18) as co-sorbents. The optimized method demonstrated satisfactory analytical performance, including good linearity (R2 ≥ 0.9926), acceptable recoveries (65.5%-122%), satisfactory intra-day and inter-day precision (RSDs < 20%), and high sensitivity (LODs: 0.01-1.1 µg/kg; LOQs: 5 µg/kg). To verify its practical applicability, the method was evaluated for the analysis of pesticide residues in ready-to-eat or not ready-to-eat freshwater and marine products. The majority of pesticides exhibited acceptable recoveries, confirming its suitability for determining multi-pesticide residues in dried aquatic products. Subsequently, when the method was applied to 125 commercial dried fish samples, a total of 27 pesticides were detected, with concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 20.59 µg/kg. These results confirm that the developed method is robust, sensitive, and suitable for multi-residue monitoring of pesticides in complex processed aquatic products, covering the main types of commercially available dried fish. Importantly, the exposure risks of the detected pesticides were acceptable for humans, providing a scientific basis for the dietary exposure risk assessment of dried aquatic products.

PMID 42669227
Read full article →
PubMedPatient preference and adherence2026-08-30

Oral Health Behavior Management in Patients with Periodontitis: A COM-B-Guided Qualitative Study.

Bao Jianuo J, Li Yuan Y, Zhang Lei L, Li Shuying S et al.

This study aimed to explore barriers and support needs related to oral health behaviors among patients with periodontitis guided by the Capability-Opportunity-Motivation-Behavior (COM-B) model in a Chinese clinical context. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 17 patients diagnosed with stage II-IV periodontitis who attended the Department of Stomatology at a tertiary hospital in Chengde, China, between December 2025 and January 2026. Participants were recruited using purposive sampling. Interviews were conducted in person, and data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis guided by the COM-B model. Themes and sub-themes were identified through an iterative and collaborative coding process conducted by two trained researchers. Three main themes and eleven sub-themes were identified, reflecting barriers and support needs related to oral health behaviors. Within the capability domain, barriers included insufficient disease knowledge and information literacy, inadequate skills in using oral hygiene tools, and physical limitations. Within the opportunity domain, barriers included constraints related to objective resources and life circumstances and unsupportive social norms, while participants expressed support needs for professional and social support. Within the motivation domain, barriers included negative behavioral experiences, concerns about social judgment, and lack of self-efficacy, whereas perceived benefits and disease awareness and the desire to preserve oral health supported sustained oral health behaviors. Patients with periodontitis experience interconnected barriers and support needs across capability, opportunity, and motivation domains. These qualitative findings provide evidence to inform the development of tailored oral health behavior interventions.

PMID 42668984
Read full article →

+9996 more articles available with a free account

Sign up free to view all articles →

Ask about Shigella flexneri/sonnei bivalent live vaccine (freeze-dried)