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estradiol valerate + MPA (Divina / E2V + MPA, Orion / Klimalet)

✓ Approved

HyundaiPharm · ESR1 · Small Molecule

What is estradiol valerate + MPA?

estradiol valerate + MPA is a small molecule developed by HyundaiPharm. It is approved for therapeutic indications via oral (po).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesDivina, E2V + MPA, Orion, Klimalet
CompanyHyundaiPharm
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
Molecular TargetESR1
RouteOral (PO)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, HyundaiPharm

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

estradiol valerate + MPA acts on 1 molecular target:

ESR1estrogen receptor 1 (ER, ESR)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

estradiol valerate + MPA is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Surgical and medical proceduresHormone replacement therapy✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedPeerJ2026-08-30

Effect of multi-system polishing on shear bond strength of nanohybrid composites to enamel: an in vitro study.

Alsaeed Ali A, Arora Suraj S, Rubayan Basil M BM, Abdelaziz Khalid M KM et al.

The purpose of this study was to compare the influence of three enamel finishing and polishing systems (Sof-Lex discs, lithium disilicate Eve burs and lithium disilicate polishing burs) on the shear bond strength and distribution of failure modes of nanohybrid composite resin bonded to enamel. A sample of 240 healthy human premolars were randomized into four treatment groups (n = 60 per group): (1) untreated control, (2) Sof-Lex disc polishing, (3) lithium disilicate EVE burs (Li-EVE) burs, and (4) lithium disilicate polishing burs (Li-Polish) burs. Specimens were prepared with standardized protocols and restored with a nanohybrid composite and universal adhesive system. The enamel surfaces were etched with 35% phosphoric acid. Shear bond strength (SBS) was measured using a universal testing machine and fracture modes were assessed with a dissecting microscope. Descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Games-Howell post hoc test, and chi-square analysis of the mode of failure were conducted at α = 0.05. There were significant differences in SBS between the groups (F(3,236) = 10.54, p = 1.6 ± 10-6). Both Sof-Lex (31.39 ± 7.81 MPa) and Li-Polish (30.94 ± 5.70 MPa) had significantly higher bond strength values than control (23.18 ± 14.04 MPa) and Li-EVE (26.00 ± 8.26 MPa) (p ≤ 0.024). There was no significant difference between Sof-Lex and Li-Polish (p = 0.82). The failure modes were predominantly cohesive in all the groups and the distribution of failure modes was not significantly different (χ 2 (3) = 6.31, p = 0.098, Cramér's V = 0.162). The enamel polishing system significantly influenced composite bond strength. Multi-step polishing systems, e.g., Sof-Lex discs or Li-Polish burs, increased adhesive performance markedly over the control groups or one-step polished systems to untreated enamel. The failure mode was not significantly influenced by polishing systems. These findings demonstrated the importance of finishing systems for successful restorative performance.

PMID 42668980
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PubMedDrug and alcohol dependence reports2026-08-30

Exploring hormonal influences on nicotine craving and use across the perinatal period: A prospective longitudinal study.

Allen Alicia M AM, Baurley James J, Linde-Krieger Linnea B LB, Chalke Arushi A et al.

Perinatal nicotine use is common despite well-documented adverse consequences. We examined associations between reproductive-related hormones with nicotine craving and use during the perinatal period to identify potential novel intervention points. All participants reported use of nicotine during the perinatal period. Participants were enrolled at gestational week ≥ 36 and followed to postpartum week 12 via daily surveys (i.e., nicotine craving via 100-point scale, dichotomous use) and weekly hormone measurement in saliva (cortisol, oxytocin) or dried blood spots (progesterone, estradiol, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate). Bayesian mixed-effects models accounted for within-person correlation while estimating hormone effects. Participants (n = 46) were 28.9 ± 4.9 years old. During follow-up, exclusive combustible cigarettes (n = 20), electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS; n = 13), or dual (n = 2) use was observed, with variability in use and craving across participants and over time. During pregnancy, higher oxytocin was linked to greater craving (β=16.31, 95% CI: 3.71, 28.83). Greater peripartum declines in oxytocin were associated with more craving (β=8.71, 95% CI: 0.75, 16.93) and use (β=1.13, 95% CI: 0.05, 2.43). During postpartum, lower estradiol was linked to more craving (β=-1.17, 95% CI: -2.15, -0.18) and use (β=-0.40, 95% CI: -0.76, -0.03). In models simultaneously evaluating all postpartum hormones, the lone meaningful association was between estradiol and craving (β=-1.66, 95% CI: -2.84, -0.48). The results of this study suggest that oxytocin and estradiol may contribute to the risk of perinatal nicotine use. Additional research is needed to replicate our observations in more diverse study samples and explore implications for clinical intervention.

PMID 42668554
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PubMedFood chemistry: X2026-08-30

High-pressure processing mitigates flavor loss in sauced duck legs during storage: Evidence from volatile profiling and myofibrillar protein-flavor compound interactions.

Shen Qingwu Q, Ding Changhai C, Tang Zhixuan Z, Quan Wei W et al.

Maintaining flavor stability is a major quality concern for ready-to-eat meat products. This study evaluated the effects of high-pressure processing (HPP) at 400 MPa on the volatile profile of sauced duck legs during 14 days of 4 °C storage and explored the role of myofibrillar protein (MP)-flavor interactions. Results show that the volatiles of sauced duck legs were significantly affected by HPP and the total aldehyde concentration of HPP treated sample was lower on day 14. Anethole, linalool, and 1-octen-3-ol were selected as representative compounds. In an extracted-MP model, HPP reduced MP α-helix content and increased the apparent affinity coefficients and mass-normalized interaction capacities for all three compounds. Molecular docking and exploratory molecular dynamics simulations suggested HPP-dependent conformational changes and plausible protein-volatile contacts. These findings indicate that partial MP unfolding and enhanced apparent MP-flavor interactions may contribute to flavor retention after HPP.

PMID 42668633
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PubMedPakistan journal of medical sciences2026-08-30

Sepiolite and Zirconia Nanoparticles Doped with Erythrosine: Adhesive Bond Strength and Antimicrobial Performance in Primary Carious Dentin.

Alshami Abeer Ali AA, Kattan Hiba F HF

Antimicrobial effectiveness against Lactobacillus and micro tensile bond strength (μTBS) of etch and rinse adhesive (ERA) modified using Erythrosine (Ery), Ery-doped Zirconium oxide nanoparticles (ZrO2NPs), and Ery-doped Sepiolite Nanoparticles (SepNPs) bonded to caries-affected dentin (CAD) in primary dentition. The present in vitro study was approved by the Institutional Review Board and Ethical Committee of Princess Nourah Binte Abdul Rahman University, IRB# 25-0063. The study duration was two months, November 20, 2025 - January 20, 2026. Primary CAD was removed. All the specimens were divided into four groups based on the application of ERA modification. Group-1 (Conventional ERA), Group-2 (Ery-modified ERA), Group-3 (Ery-doped ZrO2NPs modified ERA), and Group-4 (Ery-doped SepNPs modified ERA). Composite build-up was performed on all the specimens after adhesive application, and the specimens were exposed to μTBS testing and fracture analysis. All adhesives (modified and unmodified) were further tested for antimicrobial efficiency against Lactobacillus. The statistical analysis was conducted using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a Tukey post hoc test. Group-4 (Ery-doped SepNPs-ERA) treated samples displayed the minimum survival of microorganisms (0.30 ± 0.04 CFU/mL) and the highest bond integrity (15.02±0.61MPa). However, Group-1 (Unmodified ERA) exhibited the highest bacterial survival count (0.65 ± 0.11 CFU/mL) and the lowest μTBS (10.95 ± 0.55 MPa). Ery-doped ZrO2NPs and Ery-doped SepNPs modified adhesive presented satisfactory antimicrobial activity against Lactobacillus and μTBS as compared to the unmodified adhesive when bonded to primary dentin.

PMID 42668926
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PubMedActa psychologica2026-08-29

When practice hurts: Associations among music activity, musculoskeletal pain, and music performance anxiety.

Ou Jiayi J, Zhang Liwei L, Sun Caixia C

Music performance anxiety (MPA) has traditionally been conceptualized as a predominantly psychological phenomenon, with limited attention paid to musicians' embodied physical experiences. The present study examined whether musculoskeletal pain is robustly associated with MPA and whether performance-related variables are statistically indirectly associated with MPA through musculoskeletal pain. Using cross-sectional survey data from a large sample of musicians (N = 343), we assessed associations between recent musculoskeletal pain, MPA, musical activity time, and performance-related stress, while controlling for demographic and musical background variables. Regression analyses indicated that musculoskeletal pain was consistently and positively associated with MPA, even after adjusting for multiple covariates. Mediation analyses further indicated a significant statistical indirect association between musical activity time and MPA via musculoskeletal pain, whereas no significant indirect association was observed for recent performance participation. Moderation analyses indicated that professional status moderated the association between musculoskeletal pain and MPA, while exploratory stratified mediation analyses showed numerical differences in indirect-effect estimates across professional-status groups. Together, these findings highlight musculoskeletal pain as a psychologically salient bodily factor associated with MPA and suggest that pain may be relevant to the association between sustained music activity and anxiety experiences. The results underscore the importance of integrating bodily and psychological perspectives in models of MPA and in interventions targeting musicians' performance-related well-being.

PMID 42667870
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PubMedClinical oral investigations2026-08-29

Effect of different onlay materials and resin core thickness on stress distribution in partial coverage restorations: a 3D finite element study.

Chen Sensen S, Chen Yao Y, Chen Sifan S, Chen Changan C et al.

To investigate the effects of onlay materials and resin core thickness on stress distribution in partial coverage restorations under static and thermal loading using finite element analysis (FEA). A 3D mandibular first molar model was created from CBCT data. Four materials (zirconia, lithium disilicate [LD], polymer-infiltrated ceramic network [PICN], gold alloy [GA]) and five resin core thicknesses (1 mm to 4 mm, plus full crown control) were tested. A total of 20 models were loaded with 100 N occlusal force and thermal stresses (5-37 °C and 37-55 °C). The distribution characteristics of the maximum principal stress (MPS) were analyzed for different combinations of variables. Under mechanical loading, thin resin cores (1-2 mm) performed best. Increasing thickness to 3 mm sharply raised enamel stress (zirconia: 77.35-80.72 MPa); at 4 mm, restoration stress peaked (zirconia: 150.12 MPa). Zirconia showed highest restoration stress (54.01-150.12 MPa) but lowest dentin stress (5.02-7.70 MPa); PICN had low and most stable restoration stress (55-91 MPa) but highest dentin stress (8-13 MPa). Under high-temperature thermal stress, enamel stress jumped sharply at ≥ 3 mm resin thickness, markedly higher than under low-temperature stress. GA with an extremely thin resin core (1R4O) caused abnormally high dentin stress (50.83 MPa) at low temperature. A thin resin core (1-2 mm) offered better overall mechanical performance. Material type markedly influenced stress distribution. High-temperature thermal stress posed a greater threat to tooth structure than low-temperature stress. Thermal stress barely affected periapical/periodontal tissues. For extensive MOD restorations, a 2 mm resin core is recommended as the safe threshold. Material selection should balance the protection of the restoration itself and the stress transfer to the tooth structure.

PMID 42667412
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